Symmetry (physics)

About: Symmetry (physics) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 26435 publications have been published within this topic receiving 500189 citations. The topic is also known as: symmetry (physics) & physical symmetry.

A study of conical intersection effects on scattering processes: The validity of adiabatic single‐surface approximations within a quasi‐Jahn–Teller model

Abstract: Conical intersections between Born–Oppenheimer potential energy surfaces create singularities which are known to have a direct effect on the symmetry of the nuclear wave functions. In this article is presented a quasi‐Jahn–Teller model to study the symmetry effects of these singularities on nonreactive and reactive scattering processes. Applying this model, we were able to determine in what way and to what extent the conical intersection affects the relevant S‐matrix elements. Having the results of this study available, conclusions concerning more realistic systems were derived.

Band gaps of primary metallic carbon nanotubes

Abstract: Primary metallic or small-gap semiconducting nanotubes are tubes with band gaps that arise solely from breaking the bond symmetry due to curvature. We derive an analytic expression for these gaps by considering how a general symmetry breaking opens a gap in nanotubes with a well-defined chiral wrapping vector. This approach provides a straightforward way to include all types of symmetry-breaking effects, resulting in a simple unified gap equation as a function of chirality and deformations.

A holographic p-wave superconductor model

Abstract: We study a holographic p-wave superconductor model in a four dimensional Einstein-Maxwell-complex vector field theory with a negative cosmological constant. The complex vector field is charged under the Maxwell field. We solve the full coupled equations of motion of the system and find black hole solutions with the vector hair. The vector hairy black hole solutions are dual to a thermal state with the U(1) symmetry as well as the spatial rotational symmetry broken spontaneously. Depending on two parameters, the mass and charge of the vector field, we find a rich phase structure: zeroth order, first order and second order phase transitions can happen in this model. We also find "retrograde condensation" in which the hairy black hole solution exists only for the temperatures above a critical value with the free energy much larger than the one of the black hole without the vector hair. We construct the phase diagram for this system in terms of the temperature and charge of the vector field.

Signatures of anisotropic sources in the squeezed-limit bispectrum of the cosmic microwave background

Abstract: The bispectrum of primordial curvature perturbations in the squeezed configuration, in which one wavenumber, k3, is much smaller than the other two, k3 > c0. A cosmic-variance-limited experiment measuring temperature anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background up to lmax = 2000 is able to measure these coefficients down to δc0 = 4.4, δc1 = 61, and δc2 = 13 (68% CL). We also find that c0 and c1, and c0 and c2, are nearly uncorrelated. Measurements of these coefficients will open up a new window into the physics of inflation such as the existence of vector fields during inflation or non-trivial symmetry structure of inflaton fields. Finally, we show that the original form of the Suyama-Yamaguchi inequality does not apply to the case involving higher-spin fields, but a generalized form does.