Topic
Symmetry (physics)
About: Symmetry (physics) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 26435 publications have been published within this topic receiving 500189 citations. The topic is also known as: symmetry (physics) & physical symmetry.
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TL;DR: The role of symmetry in fundamental physics is reviewed and the role of LaSalle's inequality in this review is reviewed.
Abstract: Until the 20th century principles of symmetry played little conscious role in theoretical physics. The Greeks and others were fascinated by the symmetries of objects and believed that these would be mirrored in the structure of nature. Even Kepler attempted to impose his notions of symmetry on the motion of the planets. Newton’s laws of mechanics embodied symmetry principles, notably the principle of equivalence of inertial frames, or Galilean invariance. These symmetries implied conservation laws. Although these conservation laws, especially those of momentum and energy, were regarded to be of fundamental importance, these were regarded as consequences of the dynamical laws of nature rather than as consequences of the symmetries that underlay these laws. Maxwell’s equations, formulated in 1865, embodied both Lorentz invariance and gauge invariance. But these symmetries of electrodynamics were not fully appreciated for over 40 years or more.
214 citations
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TL;DR: The hidden quantum group symmetry in the quantum Sine-Gordon model is found in this paper, which provides the possibility to restrict the operator algebra of the model to subalgebras.
Abstract: The hidden quantum group symmetry in the quantum Sine-Gordon model is found. This symmetry provides the possibility to restrict the operator algebra of the model to subalgebras. It is shown that these subalgebras are massive deformations of minimal conformal field theories.
211 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, it is argued that rocks commonly occur which show a variation in fabric from place to place similar to the whole or part of the possible variation in shape of the deformation ellipsoid.
Abstract: According to the symmetry principle the fabric of a tectonite reflects the symmetry of the deforming movements. Where the symmetry of the deformation varies from place to place this should be reflected in a similar variation in the fabric. The possible variation in homogeneous strain is best shown by the range of variation possible in the deformation ellipsoid. It is argued in the paper that rocks commonly occur which show a variation in fabric from place to place similar to the whole or part of the possible variation in shape of the deformation ellipsoid. It is concluded that such rocks have deformed by homogeneous strain. This conclusion is supported by the shapes and orientations of pebbles in deformed conglomerates.
211 citations
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TL;DR: In high-energy physics, symmetry principles have been studied with an eye to circumventing two obstacles to the understanding of elementary particles: lack of precise knowledge about interparticle forces (with the exception of electromagnetism) and the mathematical intractability of any realistic models that propose to explain observed particle phenomena as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: When symmetries are present the solution of almost any physical problem is simplified, because we can get at the properties of a system without completely solving all the equations that describe the system. In high‐energy physics, symmetry principles have been studied with an eye to circumventing two obstacles to the understanding of elementary particles: lack of precise knowledge about interparticle forces (with the exception of electromagnetism) and the mathematical intractability of any realistic models that propose to explain observed particle phenomena.
210 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors obtained symmetry results of Gidas-Ni-Nirenberg type for cooperative nonlinear elliptic systems in the whole space, which is the same as the result of the present paper.
210 citations