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Synchronous condenser
About: Synchronous condenser is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 444 publications have been published within this topic receiving 5422 citations.
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17 Sep 1991
TL;DR: The advanced static VAr compensator (ASVC) as mentioned in this paper is based on the principle that a self-commutating static inverter can be connected between three-phase AC power lines and an energy storage device, such as an inductor or capacitor, and controlled to draw mainly reactive current from the lines.
Abstract: The advanced static VAr compensator (ASVC) is based on the principle that a self-commutating static inverter can be connected between three-phase AC power lines and an energy-storage device, such as an inductor or capacitor, and controlled to draw mainly reactive current from the lines. This capability is analogous to that of the rotating synchronous condenser and it can be used in a similar way for the dynamic compensation of power transmission systems, providing voltage support, increased transient stability, and improved damping. The authors present a simplified mathematical model of the ASVC that has made it possible to derive the transfer functions needed for control system synthesis. The resulting control system designs are briefly outlined and further analysis is presented to show the behaviour of the ASVC when the line voltage is unbalanced or distorted. The analysis is based on a vectorial transformation of variables, first described by R.H. Park (1928) for AC machine analysis, and later, using complex numbers, by W.V. Lyon (1954) in the theory of instantaneous symmetrical components.
1,039 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors assess the capability of the emerging synchronized phasor measurement technology in improving the overall stability of the Hydro-Quebec transmission system through supplementary modulation of voltage regulators.
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to assess the capability of the emerging synchronized phasor measurement technology in improving the overall stability of the Hydro-Quebec transmission system through supplementary modulation of voltage regulators. Following a thorough singular value and eigenvalue analysis of the system dynamic interactions, five control sites consisting of four generators and one synchronous condenser are chosen to implement new power system stabilizers with a supplementary input from remote phasor measuring units, geographically spread over nine electrically coherent areas. Since the remote feedback loops are built on top of an existing decentralized control system, this design approach results in a decentralized/hierarchical control architecture with significant advantages in terms of reliability and operational flexibility. A systematic control and measurement pairing yielded four dominant natural loops, each associated with a significant open-loop inter-area oscillatory mode at 0.06, 0.4, 0.7 and 0.95 Hz respectively. These PSSs have a speed sensitive local loop operating in the usual way, and a wide-area measurement based global loop which involves a single differential frequency signal between two suitably selected areas. The tuning and coordination technique for these advanced multiple input signals PSSs is described. Their impacts on the system is assessed using both small-signal analysis and nonlinear simulations in a transient stability program. Wide-area stabilizing controllers have a significant potential in improving the dynamic performance of the Hydro-Quebec's existing power system.
619 citations
TL;DR: The Static Condenser (STATCON) as discussed by the authors is a static condenser that is similar to the rotating synchronous condenser (SVC) and has similar output characteristics to those of the SVC.
Abstract: The availability of high power gate-turn-off (GTO) thyristors has led to the development of controllable reactive power sources, using electronic switching power converters, for use in power transmission systems This new technology has resulted in equipment that is fundamentally different from the conventional thyristor-controlled static VAr compensator (SVC) The new equipment is called a static condenser (STATCON) because its steady state output characteristics are similar to those of the rotating synchronous condenser The paper describes the fundamental operating principles, functional characteristics and basic control approach of the STATCON, with particular reference to a /spl plusmn/100 MVAr prototype planned to be installed at the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) Sullivan substation, USA This installation will be the first demonstration of a STATCON under the EPRI flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) program, and will be the largest installation of its type in the world >
380 citations
TL;DR: Through simulation studies carried out using detailed model in MATLAB Simulink, it has been demonstrated that the proposed method is capable of achieving robust voltage and frequency regulation, effective management of the hybrid storage system, reactive power capability and inertial support by the synchronous condenser, and maximum power extraction from wind.
Abstract: Standalone operation of a wind turbine generating system under fluctuating wind and variable load conditions is a difficult task. Moreover, high reactive power demand makes it more challenging due to the limitation of reactive capability of the wind generating system. A Remote Area Power Supply (RAPS) system consisting of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG), a hybrid energy storage, a dump load and a mains load is considered in this paper. The hybrid energy storage consists of a battery storage and a supercapacitor where both are connected to the DC bus of the RAPS system. An energy management algorithm (EMA) is proposed for the hybrid energy storage with a view to improve the performance of the battery storage. A synchronous condenser is employed to provide reactive power and inertial support to the RAPS system. A coordinated control approach is developed to manage the active and reactive power flows among the RAPS components. In this regard, individual controllers for each RAPS component have been developed for effective management of the RAPS components. Through simulation studies carried out using detailed model in MATLAB Simulink, it has been demonstrated that the proposed method is capable of achieving: a) robust voltage and frequency regulation (in terms of their acceptable bandwidths), b) effective management of the hybrid storage system, c) reactive power capability and inertial support by the synchronous condenser, and d) maximum power extraction from wind.
232 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, two different approaches are applied to the Hydro-Quebec network in order to select the most effective signals to damp inter-area oscillations, which are obtained by static var compensator (SVC) and synchronous condenser (SC) modulation.
Abstract: In this paper, two different approaches are applied to the Hydro-Quebec network in order to select the most effective signals to damp inter-area oscillations. The damping is obtained by static var compensator (SVC) and synchronous condenser (SC) modulation. The robustness analysis, the simulations, and statistical results show, unambiguously, that in the case of wide-area signals, the geometric approach is more reliable and useful than the residues approach. In fact, this study shows that the best robustness and performances are always obtained with the stabilizer configuration using the signals recommended by the geometric approach. In addition, the results confirm that wide-area control is more effective than local control for damping inter-area oscillations.
156 citations