Topic
Synchrotron radiation
About: Synchrotron radiation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 14639 publications have been published within this topic receiving 244775 citations. The topic is also known as: magnetobremsstrahlung radiation & Synchrotron Radiation.
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TL;DR: In this article, the advantages and difficulties associated with synchrotron IR spectroscopy are outlined, current and new facilities are described, and past, present, and future spectroscopic results are summarized.
77 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors calculate synchrotron radiation in three-dimensional pseudo-Newtonian magnetohydrodynamic simulations of radiatively inefficient accretion flows and show that the emission is highly variable at optically thin frequencies, with order-of-magnitude variability on timescales as short as the orbital period near the last stable orbit; this emission is linearly polarized at the ~20%-50% level.
Abstract: We calculate synchrotron radiation in three-dimensional pseudo-Newtonian magnetohydrodynamic simulations of radiatively inefficient accretion flows. We show that the emission is highly variable at optically thin frequencies, with order-of-magnitude variability on timescales as short as the orbital period near the last stable orbit; this emission is linearly polarized at the ~20%-50% level because of the coherent toroidal magnetic field in the flow. At optically thick frequencies, both the variability amplitude and polarization fraction decrease significantly with decreasing photon frequency. We argue that these results are broadly consistent with the observed properties of Sgr A* at the Galactic center, including the rapid infrared flaring.
76 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the width of the EFE spectrum of gamma-ray bursts and compared it with the minimum width of synchrotron emission from a Maxwellian distribution of electrons.
Abstract: The emission processes active in the highly relativistic jets of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) remain unknown. In this paper, we propose a new measure to describe spectra: the width of the EFE spectrum, a quantity dependent only on finding a good fit to the data. We apply this to the full sample of GRBs observed by Fermi/Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) and Compton Gamma-ray Observatory/Burst and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE). The results from the two instruments are fully consistent. We find that the median widths of spectra from long and short GRBs are significantly different (chance probability < 10(-6)). The width does not correlate with either duration or hardness, and this is thus a new, independent distinction between the two classes. Comparing the measured spectra with widths of spectra from fundamental emission processes - synchrotron and blackbody radiation - the results indicate that a large fraction of GRB spectra are too narrow to be explained by synchrotron radiation from a distribution of electron energies: for example, 78 per cent of long GRBs and 85 per cent of short GRBs are incompatible with the minimum width of standard slow cooling synchrotron emission from a Maxwellian distribution of electrons, with fast cooling spectra predicting even wider spectra. Photospheric emission can explain the spectra if mechanisms are invoked to give a spectrum much broader than a blackbody.
76 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the escape peaks in pulse height spectra to reconstruct the electron response curve down to energies as low as 100 eV using a method named K-dip spectroscopy.
Abstract: Using highly monochromatic X-ray synchrotron radiation ranging from 9 keV to 100 keV, accurate Lu2Si2O7:Ce3+,Ca (LSO), Lu3Al5O:Pr3+ (LuAG), Lu2Si2O5:Ce3+ (LPS) and Gd2SiO5:Ce3+ (GSO) nonproportional response curves were determined. By utilizing information from escape peaks in pulse height spectra the response curve can be extended down to several keV. A detailed study of the nonproportionality just above the if-edge is presented and from that a method, which we named K-dip spectroscopy, is obtained to reconstruct the electron response curve down to energies as low as 100 eV.
76 citations
TL;DR: The maximum energy to which such structures can accelerate particles is derived, and used to compute the maximum frequency of the subsequent synchrotron radiation, which can be substantially in excess of standard estimates.
Abstract: Relativistic current sheets have been proposed as the sites of dissipation in pulsar winds, jets in active galaxies, and other Poynting flux dominated flows. It is shown that the steady versions of these structures differ from their nonrelativistic counterparts because they do not permit transformation to a de Hofmann--Teller frame with zero electric field. Instead, their generic form is that of a true neutral sheet with no linking magnetic field component normal to the sheet. The maximum energy to which such structures can accelerate particles is derived, and used to compute the maximum frequency of the subsequent synchrotron radiation. This can be substantially in excess of standard estimates. In the magnetically driven gamma-ray burst scenario, acceleration of electrons is possible to energies sufficient to enable photon-photon pair production after an inverse Compton scattering event.
76 citations