Showing papers on "System integration published in 2016"

InFO (Wafer Level Integrated Fan-Out) Technology

Abstract: A powerful integrated fan-out (InFO) wafer level system integration (WLSI) technology has been developed to integrate application processor chip with memory package for smart mobile devices. This novel InFO technology is the first high performance Fan-Out Wafer Level Package (FO_WLP) with multi-layer high density interconnects proposed to the industry. In this paper we present the detailed comparison of InFO packages on package (InFO_PoP) with several other previously proposed 3D package solutions. Result shows that InFO_PoP has more optimized overall results on system performance, leakage power and area (form factor) than others, to meet the ever-increasing system requirements of mobile computing. InFO technology has been successfully qualified on package level with robust component and board level reliability. It is also qualified at interconnect level with high electromigration resistance. With its high flexibility and strong capability of multi-chips integration for both homogeneous and heterogeneous sub-systems, InFO technology not only provides a system scaling solution but also complements the chip scaling and helps to sustain the Moore's Law for the smart mobile as well as internet of things (IoT) applications.

SIMMI 4.0 - a maturity model for classifying the enterprise-wide it and software landscape focusing on Industry 4.0

Abstract: The increasing digitalization of business and society leads to drastic changes within companies. Nearly all enterprises have to face enormous challenges when dealing with topics such as Industry 4.0/Industrial Internet. One of these challenges represents the realistic classification of the company's own IT infrastructure. In this paper we present a maturity model (SIMMI 4.0 - System Integration Maturity Model Industry 4.0) that enables a company to classify its IT system landscape with focus on Industry 4.0 requirements. SIMMI 4.0 consists of 5 stages. Each describes several characteristics of digitization, which allows a company to assess itself. Additionally, recommended activities are presented for each stage of digitization, which can enable a company to reach the next stage of maturity. We also present several possible topics for future research to improve and refine the developed maturity model.

Docker Cluster Management for the Cloud - Survey Results and Own Solution

Abstract: Docker provides a good basis to run composite applications in the cloud, especially if those are not cloud-aware, or cloud-native. However, Docker concentrates on managing containers on one host, but SaaS providers need a container management solution for multiple hosts. Therefore, a number of tools emerged that claim to solve the problem. This paper classifies the solutions, maps them to requirements from a case study and identifies gaps and integration requirements. We close some of these gaps with our own integration components and tool enhancements, resulting in the currently most complete management suite.

Flexible System Integration and Advanced Hierarchical Control Architectures in the Microgrid Research Laboratory of Aalborg University

Abstract: This paper presents the system integration and hierarchical control implementation in an inverter-based Microgrid Research Laboratory (MGRL) at Aalborg University, Denmark. MGRL aims to provide a flexible experimental platform for comprehensive studies of microgrids. The structure of the laboratory, including the facilities, configurations, and communication network, is first introduced. The complete control system is based on a generic hierarchical control scheme including primary, secondary, and tertiary control. Primary control loops are developed and implemented in digital control platform, while system supervision, advanced secondary, and tertiary management are realized in a microgrid central controller. The software and hardware schemes are described. Several example case studies are introduced and performed to achieve power quality regulation, energy management, and flywheel energy storage system control. Experimental results are presented to show the performance of the whole system.

Cyber-physical systems challenges: a needs analysis for collaborating embedded software systems

Abstract: Embedding computing power in a physical environment has provided the functional flexibility and performance necessary in modern products such as automobiles, aircraft, smartphones, and more. As product features came to increasingly rely on software, a network infrastructure helped factor out common hardware and offered sharing functionality for further innovation. A logical consequence was the need for system integration. Even in the case of a single original end manufacturer who is responsible for the final product, system integration is quite a challenge. More recently, there have been systems coming online that must perform system integration even after deployment--that is, during operation. This has given rise to the cyber-physical systems (CPS) paradigm. In this paper, select key enablers for a new type of system integration are discussed. The needs and challenges for designing and operating CPS are identified along with corresponding technologies to address the challenges and their potential impact. The intent is to contribute to a model-based research agenda in terms of design methods, implementation technologies, and organization challenges necessary to bring the next-generation systems online.

Modelling of integrated multi-energy systems: Drivers, requirements, and opportunities

Abstract: There is growing recognition that decarbonisation of existing uses of electricity is only ‘part of the story’ and that closer attention needs to be given to demand for energy in heating or cooling and in transport, and to all the energy vectors and infrastructures that supply the end-use demand. In this respect, concepts such as ‘multi-energy systems’ (MES) have been put forward and are gaining increasing momentum, with the aim of identifying how multiple energy systems that have been traditionally operated, planned and regulated in independent silos can be integrated to improve their collective technical, economic, and environmental performance. This paper addresses the need for modelling of MES which is capable of assessing interactions between different sectors and the energy vectors they are concerned with, so as to bring out the benefits and potential unforeseen or undesired drawbacks arising from energy systems integration. Drivers for MES modelling and the needs of different users of models are discussed, along with some of the practicalities of such modelling, including the choices to be made in respect of spatial and temporal dimensions, what these models might be used to quantify, and how they may be framed mathematically. Examples of existing MES models and tools and their capabilities, as well as of studies in which such models have been used in the authors' own research, are provided to illustrate the general concepts discussed. Finally, challenges, opportunities and recommendations are summarised for the engagement of modellers in developing a new range of analytical capabilities that are needed to deal with the complexity of MES.

Twelve Principles for Green Energy Storage in Grid Applications

Abstract: The introduction of energy storage technologies to the grid could enable greater integration of renewables, improve system resilience and reliability, and offer cost effective alternatives to transmission and distribution upgrades. The integration of energy storage systems into the electrical grid can lead to different environmental outcomes based on the grid application, the existing generation mix, and the demand. Given this complexity, a framework is needed to systematically inform design and technology selection about the environmental impacts that emerge when considering energy storage options to improve sustainability performance of the grid. To achieve this, 12 fundamental principles specific to the design and grid application of energy storage systems are developed to inform policy makers, designers, and operators. The principles are grouped into three categories: (1) system integration for grid applications, (2) the maintenance and operation of energy storage, and (3) the design of energy storage systems. We illustrate the application of each principle through examples published in the academic literature, illustrative calculations, and a case study with an off-grid application of vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). In addition, trade-offs that can emerge between principles are highlighted.

Highly Integrated Supercapacitor-Sensor Systems via Material and Geometry Design.

Abstract: An ultimate integration strategy making use of material and geometry is applied in a proof-of-concept study. Integrated supercapacitor-sensor systems with the capability of photodetecting and strain sensing are fabricated based on multifunctional conducting polypyrrole and piezoresistive textile geometry, respectively. This integration strategy enables promising applications for self-powered smart sensory, wearable and healthcare electronics.

QSoas: A Versatile Software for Data Analysis

Abstract: Undoubtedly, the most natural way to confirm a model is to quantitatively verify its predictions. However, this is not done systematically, and one of the reasons for that is the lack of appropriate tools for analyzing data, because the existing tools do not implement the required models or they lack the flexibility required to perform data analysis in a reasonable time. We present QSoas, an open-source, cross-platform data analysis program written to overcome these problems. In addition to standard data analysis procedures and full automation using scripts, QSoas features a very powerful data fitting interface with support for arbitrary functions, differential equation and kinetic system integration, and flexible global fits. QSoas is available from http://www.qsoas.org.

Routines as Shock Absorbers During Organizational Transformation: Integration, Control, and NASA’s Enterprise Information System

Abstract: Integration and control are pivotal goals of enterprise information system implementations. However, misalignments inevitably occur between the system and organizational practices, and these misalignments are generally thought to undermine the goals of integration and control. We report on a longitudinal study of NASA’s enterprise information system implementation, and we focus on how misalignments in procurement and project management routines affect integration and control. We show how different elements of routines dynamically adjust over time to enable stable system implementation, increasing integration and control throughout the agency. Greater integration and control on the organizational level were enabled by less-than-complete integration and control at the local level. Dynamically adjusting routines serve as “shock absorbers” that on one hand help promote the stability necessary for organization-wide enterprise-system-driven control and integration, and on the other hand allow for local self-organization.

Technological development trends in Solar‐powered Aircraft Systems

Abstract: Key issues relating to the past, current and upcoming technologies of solar-powered aircraft are reviewed with the intent to assess the technology trend and offer a prediction for the next decade. The paper looks into the design issues comprising of structures, systems, propulsion, aerodynamics, and system integration for solar-powered aircraft. Additionally, the technological status which includes structural materials, photovoltaic systems, battery and power management systems in the case of solar aircraft, would be considered. Finally, technology trend issues would be assessed summarizing into a predictive outlook. The applicable technologies in the design of solar powered aircraft has evolved over the years, hence an overview is presented.

Structural health management utilization for lifetime prognosis and advanced control strategy deployment of wind turbines: An overview and outlook concerning actual methods, tools, and obtained results

Abstract: In this contribution, Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) systems applied to wind turbines (WTs) are considered. Challenges resulting from contradictions between requirements related to efficient operation with respect to energy production costs and those related to lifetime and maintenance are discussed. Especially pronounced in larger WT systems, structural loads contribute to lifetime shortening due to damage accumulation and damage-caused effects influencing subsystems of the wind turbine. Continuous monitoring of the WT system concerning State-of-Health is necessitated to provide information about the condition of the system guaranteeing reliable and efficient operation, as well as efficient energy extraction. In recent years, structural health monitoring of WT systems is significantly improved through automated on-line fault detection and health or condition monitoring (CM) system integration. In this contribution the focus is given to hardware components (mainly sensor technologies) and methods used for change evaluation, damage detection, and damage accumulation estimation. Accordingly, this contribution comprises recent knowledge about methods and approaches of handling structural loads with emphasis on offshore wind turbine systems and applied sensing technologies (especially with respect to wind turbine blades, gearboxes, and bearings) and partly hardware. Moreover, a brief sketch of an advanced concept is developed concerning structural load examination affected by operating conditions. Key idea of the introduced approach is to use the operating conditions to control and especially to extend system׳s lifetime. The review presents an actual state-of-the-art and overview related to the use and application of SHM-related technologies and methods. Especially in combination with the briefly introduced lifetime extension concept, the contribution gives comprehensive and detailed overview in combination with an outlook to upcoming technological options.

Research on heterogeneous data integration model of group enterprise based on cluster computing

Abstract: Cluster, consisting of a group of computers, is to act as a whole system to provide users with computer resources. Each computer is a node of this cluster. Cluster computer refers to a system consisting of a complete set of computers connected to each other. With the rapid development of computer technology, cluster computing technique with high performance---cost ratio has been widely applied in distributed parallel computing. For the large-scale close data in group enterprise, a heterogeneous data integration model was built under cluster environment based on cluster computing, XML technology and ontology theory. Such model could provide users unified and transparent access interfaces. Based on cluster computing, the work has solved the heterogeneous data integration problems by means of Ontology and XML technology. Furthermore, good application effect has been achieved compared with traditional data integration model. Furthermore, it was proved that this model improved the computing capacity of system, with high performance---cost ratio. Thus, it is hoped to provide support for decision-making of enterprise managers.

5G Architectural Design Patterns

Abstract: In this work, we present novel Architectural Design Patterns towards open, cloud-based 5G communications. We provide a brief classification of technologies that cannot be ignored in the design process of 5G systems and illustrate how a new technological added value can be created, when current methodologies, design paradigms, as well as design patterns and their extensions are properly exploited in efficient Radio Access Network (RAN) architectures. We believe that in many cases, the required technology is already there; nevertheless the correct approach has to be worked out and placed within an appropriate context, especially in the case of the integration of complex RAN systems. The enhancements in RF optimization, the progress in cloud computing, Software Defined Networks (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV), new design concepts such as Network Slicing have to become part of the RAN design methodology. Diverse architectural concepts should break existing stereotypes to pave the way towards the true 5G system integration.

An Organic Computing Perspective on Self-Improving System Interweaving at Runtime

Abstract: The complexity of today's technical systems evolves over long periods of time. For example, systems may join or split, while subsystems may change their behaviour. We often observe that subsystems not intended to interact get coupled and influence each other. Apart from ICT-based coupling, as via the Internet, we also observe both direct and indirect interaction via the physical and social world as systems explicitly react to human behaviour and environmental conditions - and influence both through theiractions. Thus, any two (sub-)systems coming into contact with the same part of the environment or group of users can influence each other in ways that can hardly be anticipated at design-time. Undesired effects may be the consequence of unintended, implicit interaction of elements that were not fully predictable or relevant beforehand. The existence ofsuch effects is not a design decision, they are already present in the richness of our complex systems and components and their number is increasing. In previous work, we discussed some of the problems in continually integrating these complex systems, and in this paper, we dig deeper into both the challenges entailed in 'interwoven systems' and discuss some of the necessary aspects to developing architectures that will address these challenges.

Achieving manufacturing excellence through the integration of enterprise systems and simulation

Abstract: This paper discusses the significance of the enterprise systems and simulation integration in improving shop floor’s short-term production planning capability. The ultimate objectives are to identify the integration protocols, optimisation parameters and critical design artefacts, thereby identifying key ‘ingredients’ that help in setting out a future research agenda in pursuit of optimum decision-making at the shop floor level. While the integration of enterprise systems and simulation gains a widespread agreement within the existing work, the optimality, scalability and flexibility of the schedules remained unanswered. Furthermore, there seems to be no commonality or pattern as to how many core modules are required to enable such a flexible and scalable integration. Nevertheless, the objective of such integration remains clear, i.e. to achieve an optimum total production time, lead time, cycle time, production release rates and cost. The issues presently faced by existing enterprise systems (ES)...

Goal-Oriented Holonics for Complex System (Self-)Integration: Concepts and Case Studies

Abstract: System integration from sub-systems has always been a major engineering problem, which is progressively exacerbated by (1) sub-systems becoming more diverse, self-* and autonomous (2) systems operating in open environments, with third-party sub-systems joining and leaving unpredictably, (3) system (self-)integration being an ongoing process, increasingly needed at runtime. The fact that this problem occurs more and more often, as systems are built increasingly by composing existing sub-systems, requires rigorous, reusable integration solutions to replace ad-hoc approaches. In a complex world of uncertainty and change the new system integration paradigm must feature two main characteristics: support for a system-of-systems approach to manage complexity, and support for a high-level relation between sub-systems to manage diversity, uncertainty and dynamics. We propose a conceptual modelling solution combining holonic principles with goal-based relations. We highlight the key properties of holonic designs that support a systems-of-systems approach. We then specify the high-level relations between holonic sub-systems as goal-oriented requests and replies. Argumentation is grounded via concrete examples from existing complex systems. The proposed paradigm paves the way for future methodologies and tools for designing the next generation of socio-technical and cyber-physical systems.

On How to Improve FPGA-Based Systems Design Productivity via SDAccel

Abstract: Custom hardware accelerators are widely used to improve the performance of software applications in terms of execution times and to reduce energy consumption. However the realization of an hardware accelerator and its integration in the final system is a difficult and error prone task. For this reason, both Industry and Academy are continuously developing Computer Aided Design (CAD) tools to assist the designer in the development process. Even if many of the steps have been nowadays automated, system integration and SW/HW interfaces definition and drivers generation are still almost completely manual tasks. The last tool released by Xilinx, however, aims at improving the hardware design experience by leveraging the OpenCL standard to enhance the overall productivity and to enable code portability. This paper provides an overview of the SDAccel potentiality comparing its design flow with other methodologies using two case studies from the Bioinformatics field: brain network and protein folding analysis.

Energy Systems Integration. Defining and Describing the Value Proposition

Abstract: This white paper defines the concept and value proposition of energy systems integration (ESI) for the International Institute of Energy Systems Integration (iiESI).

Integrating Heterogeneous Biomedical Data for Cancer Research: the CARPEM infrastructure.

Abstract: Cancer research involves numerous disciplines. The multiplicity of data sources and their heterogeneous nature render the integration and the exploration of the data more and more complex. Translational research platforms are a promising way to assist scientists in these tasks. In this article, we identify a set of scientific and technical principles needed to build a translational research platform compatible with ethical requirements, data protection and data-integration problems. We describe the solution adopted by the CARPEM cancer research program to design and deploy a platform able to integrate retrospective, prospective, and day-to-day care data. We designed a three-layer architecture composed of a data collection layer, a data integration layer and a data access layer. We leverage a set of open-source resources including i2b2 and tranSMART.

Design of an Electric Propulsion System for SCEPTOR

Abstract: The rise of electric propulsion systems has pushed aircraft designers towards new and potentially transformative concepts. As part of this effort, NASA is leading the SCEPTOR program which aims at designing a fully electric distributed propulsion general aviation aircraft. This article highlights critical aspects of the design of SCEPTOR's propulsion system conceived at Joby Aviation in partnership with NASA, including motor electromagnetic design and optimization as well as cooling system integration. The motor is designed with a finite element based multi-objective optimization approach. This provides insight into important design tradeoffs such as mass versus efficiency, and enables a detailed quantitative comparison between different motor topologies. Secondly, a complete design and Computational Fluid Dynamics analysis of the air breathing cooling system is presented. The cooling system is fully integrated into the nacelle, contains little to no moving parts and only incurs a small drag penalty. Several concepts are considered and compared over a range of operating conditions. The study presents trade-offs between various parameters such as cooling efficiency, drag, mechanical simplicity and robustness.

Reviews on Security Issues and Challenges in Cloud Computing

Abstract: Cloud computing is an Internet-based computing service provided by the third party allowing share of resources and data among devices. It is widely used in many organizations nowadays and becoming more popular because it changes the way of how the Information Technology (IT) of an organization is organized and managed. It provides lots of benefits such as simplicity and lower costs, almost unlimited storage, least maintenance, easy utilization, backup and recovery, continuous availability, quality of service, automated software integration, scalability, flexibility and reliability, easy access to information, elasticity, quick deployment and lower barrier to entry. While there is increasing use of cloud computing service in this new era, the security issues of the cloud computing become a challenges. Cloud computing must be safe and secure enough to ensure the privacy of the users. This paper firstly lists out the architecture of the cloud computing, then discuss the most common security issues of using cloud and some solutions to the security issues since security is one of the most critical aspect in cloud computing due to the sensitivity of user's data.

A Foundation for Enterprise Imaging: HIMSS-SIIM Collaborative White Paper

Abstract: Care providers today routinely obtain valuable clinical multimedia with mobile devices, scope cameras, ultrasound, and many other modalities at the point of care. Image capture and storage workflows may be heterogeneous across an enterprise, and as a result, they often are not well incorporated in the electronic health record. Enterprise Imaging refers to a set of strategies, initiatives, and workflows implemented across a healthcare enterprise to consistently and optimally capture, index, manage, store, distribute, view, exchange, and analyze all clinical imaging and multimedia content to enhance the electronic health record. This paper is intended to introduce Enterprise Imaging as an important initiative to clinical and informatics leadership, and outline its key elements of governance, strategy, infrastructure, common multimedia content, acquisition workflows, enterprise image viewers, and image exchange services.