System safety

About: System safety is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6025 publications have been published within this topic receiving 79681 citations.

Safeware: System Safety and Computers

Abstract: Will Tracz, our esteemed editor and Used-Program salesman, has written an entertaining, non-technical book dealing with the practice (and lack of) of software reuse. Its a collection of essays, mostly rehashed (reused?) and updated from various columns and papers published over the years.. Its a short (a bit over 200 pages) easy reading and enjoyable book (I read most of it in one sitting). Some of the essays discuss what was printed in the past and a discussion of the current status of the points.

Hazard Analysis Techniques for System Safety

Abstract: PREFACE. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. 1. System Safety. 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 System Safety Background. 1.3 System Safety Characterization. 1.4 System Safety Process. 1.5 System Concept. 1.6 Summary. 2. Hazards, Mishap, and Risk. 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Hazard-Related Definitions. 2.3 Hazard Theory. 2.4 Hazard Actuation. 2.5 Hazard Causal Factors. 2.6 Hazard-Mishap Probability. 2.7 Recognizing Hazards. 2.8 Hazard Description. 2.9 Summary. 3. Hazard Analysis Types and Techniques. 3.1 Types and Techniques. 3.2 Description of Hazard Analysis Types. 3.3 Timing of Hazard Analysis Types. 3.4 Interrelationship of Hazard Analysis Types. 3.5 Hazard Analysis Techniques. 3.6 Inductive and Deductive Techniques. 3.7 Qualitative and Quantitative Techniques. 3.8 Summary. 4. Preliminary Hazard List. 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Background. 4.3 History. 4.4 Theory. 4.5 Methodology. 4.6 Worksheet. 4.7 Hazard Checklists. 4.8 Guidelines. 4.9 Example: Ace Missile System. 4.10 Advantages and Disadvantages. 4.11 Common Mistakes to Avoid. 4.12 Summary. 5. Preliminary Hazard Analysis. 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Background. 5.3 History. 5.4 Theory. 5.5 Methodology. 5.6 Worksheet. 5.7 Guidelines. 5.8 Example: Ace Missile System. 5.9 Advantages and Disadvantages. 5.10 Common Mistakes to Avoid. 5.11 Summary. 6. Subsystem Hazard Analysis. 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Background. 6.3 History. 6.4 Theory. 6.5 Methodology. 6.6 Worksheet. 6.7 Guidelines. 6.8 Example: Ace Missile System. 6.9 Advantages and Disadvantages. 6.10 Common Mistakes to Avoid. 6.11 Summary. 7. System Hazard Analysis. 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Background. 7.3 History. 7.4 Theory. 7.5 Methodology. 7.6 Worksheet. 7.7 Guidelines. 7.8 Example. 7.9 Advantages and Disadvantages. 7.10 Common Mistakes to Avoid. 7.11 Summary. 8. Operating and Support Hazard Analysis. 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Background. 8.3 History. 8.4 Definitions. 8.5 Theory. 8.6 Methodology. 8.7 Worksheet. 8.8 Hazard Checklists. 8.9 Support Tools. 8.10 Guidelines. 8.11 Examples. 8.12 Advantages and Disadvantages. 8.13 Common Mistakes to Avoid. 8.14 Summary. 9. Health Hazard Assessment. 9.1 Introduction. 9.2 Background. 9.3 History. 9.4 Theory. 9.5 Methodology. 9.6 Worksheet. 9.7 Checklist. 9.8 Example. 9.9 Advantages and Disadvantages. 9.10 Common Mistakes to Avoid. 9.11 Summary. 10. Safety Requirements/Criteria Analysis. 10.1 Introduction. 10.2 Background. 10.3 History. 10.4 Theory. 10.5 Methodology. 10.6 Worksheets. 10.7 Example. 10.8 Advantages and Disadvantages. 10.9 Common Mistakes to Avoid. 10.10 Summary. 11. Fault Tree Analysis. 11.1 Introduction. 11.2 Background. 11.3 History. 11.4 Theory. 11.5 Methodology. 11.6 Functional Block Diagrams. 11.7 Cut Sets. 11.8 MOCUS Algorithm. 11.9 Bottom-Up Algorithm. 11.10 Mathematics. 11.11 Probability. 11.12 Importance Measures. 11.13 Example 1. 11.14 Example 2. 11.15 Example 3. 11.16 Phase- and Time-Dependent FTA. 11.17 Dynamic FTA. 11.18 Advantages and Disadvantages. 11.19 Common Mistakes to Avoid. 11.20 Summary. 12. Event Tree Analysis. 12.1 Introduction. 12.2 Background. 12.3 History. 12.4 Definitions. 12.5 Theory. 12.6 Methodology. 12.7 Worksheet. 12.8 Example 1. 12.9 Example 2. 12.10 Example 3. 12.11 Example 4. 12.12 Advantages and Disadvantages. 12.13 Common Mistakes to Avoid. 12.14 Summary. 13. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis. 13.1 Introduction. 13.2 Background. 13.3 History. 13.4 Definitions. 13.5 Theory. 13.6 Methodology. 13.7 Worksheet. 13.8 Example 1: Hardware Product FMEA. 13.9 Example 2: Functional FMEA. 13.10 Level of Detail. 13.11 Advantages and Disadvantages. 13.12 Common Mistakes to Avoid. 13.13 Summary. 14. Fault Hazard Analysis. 14.1 Introduction. 14.2 Background. 14.3 History. 14.4 Theory. 14.5 Methodology. 14.6 Worksheet. 14.7 Example. 14.8 Advantages and Disadvantages. 14.9 Common Mistakes to Avoid. 14.10 Summary. 15. Functional Hazard Analysis. 15.1 Introduction. 15.2 Background. 15.3 History. 15.4 Theory. 15.5 Methodology. 15.6 Worksheets. 15.7 Example 1: Aircraft Flight Functions. 15.8 Example 2: Aircraft Landing Gear Software. 15.9 Example 3: Ace Missile System. 15.10 Advantages and Disadvantages. 15.11 Common Mistakes to Avoid. 15.12 Summary. 16. Sneak Circuit Analysis. 16.1 Introduction. 16.2 Background. 16.3 History. 16.4 Definitions. 16.5 Theory. 16.6 Methodology. 16.7 Example 1: Sneak Path. 16.8 Example 2: Sneak Label. 16.9 Example 3: Sneak Indicator. 16.10 Example Sneak Clues. 16.11 Software Sneak Circuit Analysis. 16.12 Advantages and Disadvantages. 16.13 Common Mistakes to Avoid. 16.14 Summary. 17. Petri Net Analysis (PNA). 17.1 Introduction. 17.2 Background. 17.3 History. 17.4 Definitions. 17.5 Theory. 17.6 Methodology. 17.7 Examples. 17.8 Advantages and Disadvantages. 17.9 Common Mistakes to Avoid. 17.10 Summary. 18. Markov Analysis. 18.1 Introduction. 18.2 Background. 18.3 History. 18.4 Definitions. 18.5 Theory. 18.6 Methodology. 18.7 Examples. 18.8 Markov Analysis and FTA Comparisons. 18.9 Advantages and Disadvantages. 18.10 Common Mistakes to Avoid. 18.11 Summary. 19. Barrier Analysis. 19.1 Introduction. 19.2 Background. 19.3 History. 19.4 Definitions. 19.5 Theory. 19.6 Methodology. 19.6.1 Example Checklist of Energy Sources. 19.6.2 Considerations. 19.7 Worksheet. 19.8 Example. 19.9 Advantages and Disadvantages. 19.10 Common Mistakes to Avoid. 19.11 Summary. 20. Bent Pin Analysis. 20.1 Introduction. 20.2 Background. 20.3 History. 20.4 Theory. 20.5 Methodology. 20.6 Worksheet. 20.7 Example. 20.8 Advantages and Disadvantages. 20.9 Common Mistakes to Avoid. 20.10 Summary. 21. Hazard and Operability Analysis. 21.1 Introduction. 21.2 Background. 21.3 History. 21.4 Theory. 21.5 Methodology. 21.5.1 Design Representations. 21.5.2 System Parameters. 21.5.3 Guide Words. 21.5.4 Deviation from Design Intent. 21.6 Worksheet. 21.7 Example 1. 21.8 Example 2. 21.9 Advantages and Disadvantages. 21.10 Common Mistakes to Avoid. 21.11 Summary. 22. Cause-Consequence Analysis. 22.1 Introduction. 22.2 Background. 22.3 History. 22.4 Definitions. 22.5 Theory. 22.6 Methodology. 22.7 Symbols. 22.8 Worksheet. 22.9 Example 1: Three-Component Parallel System. 22.10 Example 2: Gas Pipeline System. 22.10.1 Reducing Repeated Events. 22.11 Advantages and Disadvantages. 22.12 Common Mistakes to Avoid. 22.13 Summary. 23. Common Cause Failure Analysis. 23.1 Introduction. 23.2 Background. 23.3 History. 23.4 Definitions. 23.5 Theory. 23.6 Methodology. 23.7 Defense Mechanisms. 23.8 Example. 23.9 Models. 23.10 Advantages and Disadvantages. 23.11 Common Mistakes to Avoid. 23.12 Summary. 24. Management Oversight Risk Tree Analysis. 24.1 Introduction. 24.2 Background. 24.3 History. 24.4 Theory. 24.5 Methodology. 24.6 Worksheet. 24.7 Advantages and Disadvantages. 24.8 Common Mistakes to Avoid. 24.9 Summary. 25. Software Safety Assessment. 25.1 Introduction. 25.2 Background. 25.3 History. 25.4 Theory. 25.5 Methodology. 25.6 Worksheet. 25.7 Software Risk Level. 25.8 Example. 25.9 Advantages and Disadvantages. 25.10 Common Mistakes to Avoid. 25.11 Summary. 26. Summary. 26.1 Principle 1: Hazards, Mishaps, and Risk are Not Chance Events. 26.2 Principle 2: Hazards are Created During Design. 26.3 Principle 3: Hazards are Comprised of Three Components. 26.4 Principle 4: Hazard and Mishap Risk Management Is the Core Safety Process. 26.5 Principle 5: Hazard Analysis Is a Key Element of Hazard and Mishap Risk Management. 26.6 Principle 6: Hazard Management Involves Seven Key Hazard Analysis Types. 26.7 Principle 7: Hazard Analysis Primarily Encompasses Seven Hazard Analysis Techniques. 26.8 Finis. Appendix A: List of Acronyms. Appendix B: Glossary. Appendix C: Hazard Checklists. Index.

Lees' Loss Prevention in the Process Industries: Hazard Identification, Assessment and Control

Abstract: CONTENTS INCLUDE: Introduction Hazard accident and loss Legislation and law Major hazard control Economics and insurance Management systems Reliability engineering Hazard identification and safety audit Hazard assessment Plant siting and layout Process design Pressure system design Control system design Human factors in process control Emission and dispersion Fire Explosion Toxic release Plant commissioning and inspection Plant operation Plant maintenance and modification Storage Transport Emergency planning Personal safety Accident research Information feedback Safety systems Computer aids Artificial intelligence and expert systems APPENDICES - Case histories Flixborough Seveso Mexico City Bhopal Pasadena Canvey Reports Rijnmond Report Laboratories Pilot plants Pollution Noise Safety factors for simple relief systems Failure and event data Earthquakes San Carlos de la Rapita ACDS Transport Hazards Report Offshore Piper Alpha Nuclear energy Three Mile Island Chernobyl Rasmussen Report ACMH Licence Model Conditions HSE Guidelines on Developments Near Major Hazards Public enquiries Standards and Codes Institutional publications Information sources Units and unit conversions

Safety verification of hybrid systems using barrier certificates

Abstract: This paper presents a novel methodology for safety verification of hybrid systems. For proving that all trajectories of a hybrid system do not enter an unsafe region, the proposed method uses a function of state termed a barrier certificate. The zero level set of a barrier certificate separates the unsafe region from all possible trajectories starting from a given set of initial conditions, hence providing an exact proof of system safety. No explicit computation of reachable sets is required in the construction of barrier certificates, which makes nonlinearity, uncertainty, and constraints can be handled directly within this framework. The method is also computationally tractable, since barrier certificates can be constructed using the sum of squares decomposition and semidefinite programming. Some examples are provided to illustrate the use of the method.

Flight-deck automation - Promises and problems

Abstract: Modern microprocessor technology and display systems make it entirely feasible to automate many of the flight-deck functions previously performed manually. There are many benefits to be derived from automation; the question today is not whether a function can be automated, but whether it should be, due to various human factors issues. It is highly questionable whether total system safety is always enhanced by allocating functions to automatic devices rather than human operators, and there is some reason to believe that flight-deck automation may have already passed its optimum point. This is an age-old question in the human factors profession, and there are few guidelines available to the system designer. This paper presents the state-of-the-art in human factors in flight-deck automation, identifies a number of critical problem areas, and offers broad design guidelines. Some automation-related aircraft accidents and incidents are discussed as examples of human factors problems in automated flight.