scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question

Showing papers on "Tacit knowledge published in 2022"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper explored how two dimensions of employees' knowledge-hiding behaviors, explicit knowledge hiding and tacit knowledge hiding, influence a firm's innovation quality and found that knowledge flow within the firm positively moderate the curvilinear relationships between knowledge hiding behavior and the firm's quality.
Abstract: • Individual employees’ knowledge hiding behaviors have two-side effects on the firm’s innovation quality. • There is an inverted U-shape relationship between the explicit knowledge hiding and the firm’s innovation quality. • There is an inverted U-shape relationship between the tacit knowledge hiding and the firm’s innovation quality. • Knowledge flow within the firm positively moderate the curvilinear relationships between knowledge hiding and the firm’s innovation quality. This study explores how two dimensions of employees’ knowledge-hiding behaviours, explicit knowledge hiding and tacit knowledge hiding, influence a firm’s innovation quality. Furthermore, knowledge flow within the firm is examined as a moderator in these relationships. We tested corresponding hypotheses based on a research sample of 791 respondents across different industries and regions of China. Empirical results reveal that both explicit and tacit knowledge-hiding behaviours have inverted U-shaped relationships with innovation quality, and knowledge flow within the firm positively moderates these curvilinear relationships. The theoretical contributions of the study are to provide a more advanced understanding of the link between knowledge-hiding behaviours and innovation quality, as well as the role of knowledge flow within the firm. It is therefore suggested that practitioners encourage effective knowledge flow that helps to reduce individual employees’ intentions of knowledge hiding and strengthen their innovation capability, which in turn promotes a firm’s innovation quality.

24 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine how mature organizations generate a competitive advantage when diversifying beyond their native industry by using knowledge-based competencies to guide their use in new industries.

15 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors identify six aspects of the intersection of knowledge management and information management: people, processes, technology, culture, structure and performance/measuring outcomes, and suggest several directions for future research.

12 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
John S. Edwards1
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify six aspects of the intersection of knowledge management and information management: people, processes, technology, culture, structure and performance/measuring outcomes, and suggest several directions for future research.

12 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , a discussion on what we know about family businesses and how they face different challenges in a complex world to survive is presented. But, there is a lack of research to understand the findings, practices, and processes associated with managing the knowledge flows through which family businesses execute innovation strategies and to build on professionalization and succession capabilities.
Abstract: Firms need to transform dramatically to maintain their operations and survive. The pandemic has shown how family businesses (FBs) are solving complex problems faster than non-family. They have demonstrated the flexibility to transform and adapt because of their closeness to the firm’s processes and management and their social network inside and outside organizations that allow them to respond quickly to market needs based on a fast-making decisions process. FBs’ knowledge, which is embedded in their values, making decisions process, and remaining for generations, requires resilient and robust management. The relationship between family values and FB management differentiates by their complexity and generational aspect. These relations demonstrate that personal values can influence professionalization, succession, and innovation processes. In this regard, there is a lack of research to understand the findings, practices, and processes associated with managing the knowledge flows through which FBs execute innovation strategies and to build on professionalization and succession capabilities that could provide different avenues of innovation and adaptation for dealing with turbulent and uncertain times. This editorial intends to provoke discussion on what we know about family businesses and how they face different challenges in a complex world to survive. FBs must develop adaptive strategies and strengthen crucial processes to generate a competitive and sustainable advantage. Knowledge management provides models and tools to reinforce tacit knowledge management’s relevance in the professionalization and succession processes. Knowledge management becomes critical in an era in which uncertainty seems to be permanent.

12 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , a design issue-solving oriented knowledge graph model is presented, where directed relation edges represent design issues, and nodes stand for design solutions, and a tensor factorization approach is employed to calculate the latent features between design solutions for an issue relation.

11 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , a conceptual system dynamics model was developed to reconstruct the causal intertwined relationships existing between environmental dynamism, capabilities development, and a firm's performance, and it was found that the most effective way to cope with ED is to dedicate efforts in both knowledge stocks' development and process improvement.
Abstract: In order to face increased environmental dynamism (ED), firms are increasingly called on to leverage deliberate learning processes that make dynamic capabilities emerge in a path-dependent way from the conversion of tacit knowledge to explicit knowledge. Moreover, to mitigate the effect that ED can play in eroding a firm’s capabilities and subsequently its performance, managers need to effectively align short- and long-term strategies, which in the literature have been addressed as ‘capability traps’. Although these two processes are strictly interrelated, to date they have been treated in quite an isolated way and usually through the development of linear approaches. To fill this gap, leveraging the knowledge-based view and dynamic capabilities theories, a conceptual system dynamics model was developed in this study to reconstruct the causal intertwined relationships existing between ED, capabilities development, and a firm’s performance. Moreover, by building a stock and flow diagram and simulating different scenarios, it was found that the most effective way to cope with ED is to dedicate efforts in both knowledge stocks’ development and process improvement. The paper thus offers theoretical contributions to each of these three literature streams (i.e., knowledge-based view, dynamic capabilities, and system dynamics) and provides a framework to guide managers and decision-makers into arranging deliberate organisational learning processes and fostering organisational alignment between short- and long-term policies.

9 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigated the role of a strong subsidiary leadership and entrepreneurial culture in the promotion of marketing knowledge inflows and examined their consequences on the subsidiary's ability to develop new products when moderated by the tacitness of knowledge.

8 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , a literature review maps the evolution of knowledge transfer by MNEs and the knowledge workers' role and identifies gaps in the extant literature and sets an agenda for future research.
Abstract: The Resource-Based View suggests that for an organization to have a sustainable competitive advantage, the firm should have valuable, rare, inimitable resources and have the ability to exploit them. The Knowledge-Based View treats knowledge as an organizational resource, which resides in both the explicit and tacit knowledge held by organizations and their people. For MNEs, the tacit knowledge is transferred by the movement of knowledge workers, who take on a boundary-spanning role. However, this trend is in decline. With increasing barriers (formal and informal) to the movement of professionals, increased digitization, and Industry 4.0, the physical movement of professionals may not be required. This literature review maps the evolution of knowledge transfer by MNEs and the knowledge workers’ role. We classify the studies into six clusters related to mobility, the use of expatriates and knowledge transfer, knowledge spillover, transfer practice, relational learning, and knowledge management and post-acquisition integration. The article identifies gaps in the extant literature and sets an agenda for future research.

7 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 2022-Sensors
TL;DR: In this article , an electrophysiological index, the theta-beta ratio (TBR), was extracted from participants while they were engaged in a semantic coordination task, and it was shown that better coordinators rely more on complex thought process and on more deliberate thinking while coordinating.
Abstract: Previously, it was shown that some people are better coordinators than others; however, the relative weight of intuitive (system 1) versus deliberate (system 2) modes of thinking in tacit coordination tasks is still not resolved. To address this question, we have extracted an electrophysiological index, the theta-beta ratio (TBR), from the Electroencephalography (EEG) recorded from participants while they were engaged in a semantic coordination task. Results have shown that individual coordination ability, game difficulty and response time are each positively correlated with cognitive load. These results suggest that better coordinators rely more on complex thought process and on more deliberate thinking while coordinating. The model we have presented may be used for the assessment of the depth of reasoning individuals engage in when facing different tasks requiring different degrees of allocation of resources. The findings as well as future research directions are discussed.

7 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , a survey was conducted by 63 hotel directors based in Portugal, gathering data on knowledge spillover, knowledge management capabilities and innovation capabilities, and two multiple linear regression models were used to estimate the impact of knowledge spillovers and knowledge management capability on innovative capability, concluding that effective knowledge management facilitates the exchange of knowledge required in the innovation process.
Abstract: PurposeThe aim of the study is to analyze how knowledge spillovers and knowledge management capabilities affect the innovation capabilities of hospitality sector companies in crisis environments.Design/methodology/approachA survey was completed by 63 hotel directors based in Portugal, gathering data on knowledge spillover, knowledge management capabilities and innovation capabilities. Two multiple linear regression models were used to estimate the impact of knowledge spillovers and knowledge management capabilities on innovative capability.FindingsIt has been concluded that knowledge spillovers work as external benefits of knowledge creation, increasing the innovation activities of companies in the hospitality sector, which reinforces that knowledge spillovers help to enhance innovation capabilities. The study's results show that it is essential for companies to manage knowledge. It also concludes that effective knowledge management facilitates the exchange of knowledge required in the innovation process. Knowledge spillovers improve the performance of innovation in companies through the development of new insights and innovation capabilities.Research limitations/implicationsThis research was carried out in a period of crisis. As expected in a troubled period, the results are extremely volatile. This study's sample is composed of Portuguese hospitality companies.Originality/valueThis research provides valuable insights into the overflow of explicit and tacit knowledge in the hotel industry. Moreover, this study offers new insights into the mediating role of knowledge management capability in the relationship between a hotel's knowledge overflow and its innovation performance.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , a conceptual framework rooted in construction guidance is employed to facilitate tacit and explicit knowledge sharing in visual environments, enabling the construction industry to benefit from their health and safety data while providing an interactive learning tool for designers.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 2022-Futures
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the implications of assessing tacit knowledges of climate change in extended peer communities, as applied in two European research projects on climate action, using the example of two ongoing research projects.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 2022-Futures
TL;DR: In this article , the authors explore the implications of assessing tacit knowledges of climate change in extended peer communities, as applied in two European research projects on climate action, using the example of two ongoing research projects.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors developed a comprehensive method, namely, digital protection and utilization based on knowledge visualization (DPUKV), to protect and utilize architectural heritage to transform digital protection data into a digital inheritance culture.
Abstract: Architectural heritage is a lively carrier of historical development, as well as providing a valuable resource for human society. Recently, however, the longevity of architectural heritage has been influenced and even threatened by natural and human factors. Furthermore, the future remains uncertain. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a comprehensive method, namely, digital protection and utilization based on knowledge visualization (DPUKV), to protect and utilize architectural heritage. The most important problem to solve involves transforming digital protection data into a digital inheritance culture. We constructed a technical framework of knowledge acquisition, knowledge reconstruction, knowledge innovation, and knowledge management using qualitative and vertical methods to form hierarchical digital resources of architectural heritage. In particular, the knowledge reconstruction converted tacit knowledge of architectural heritage into explicit knowledge via visualization technology, providing research materials for more scholars. In knowledge innovation, architectural heritage culture was excavated and inherited through knowledge graphs, digital displays, and cultural creation with virtual reality, augmented reality, etc. Furthermore, this method was validated over four years via architectural heritage in China as case studies. In this paper, the buildings of Qinglian Temple in Shanxi, China, are discussed in detail as a case study. The results indicated that this method was effective for preserving architectural heritage and is suitable for other cultural heritage. It is also helpful to improve the public’s protection of and interest in cultural heritage, especially architectural heritage.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors provide an exploratory understanding of the process of knowledge-work in the inter-organisational setting of a large-scale infrastructure project, taking a process perspective, and explore why an autonomous project-owner organization in the rail industry sector finds difficulties to transform and exploit the project network-related knowledge in a co-competitive context.
Abstract: ABSTRACT This paper provides an exploratory understanding of the process of knowledge-work in the inter-organisational setting of a large-scale infrastructure project. Taking a process perspective, it explores why an autonomous project-owner organisation in the rail industry sector finds difficulties to transform and exploit the project network-related knowledge in a coopetitive context. The paper builds on a case study of a High-speed Rail Line (HSL) project in Spain. Based on the longitudinal qualitative secondary analysis, the authors put forth a contingency framework that proposes four contexts linking the transformation and exploitation of the knowledge from the inter-organisational network to the project-owner organisation; whether (i) the interplay between industrial setting and the project arrangement empowers product or process knowledge and (ii) the senior, and programme management awareness to feed-forward learning relies on individual- or institutionalised-based learning. These four contexts and their underlying conditions pose different knowledge-work related problems and suggest implications for practice in inter-organisational collaboration and beyond.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the authors employed a survey instrument and collected data in Slovenia and confirmed all four dimensions of organizational knowledge capital: experimental knowledge, conceptual knowledge assets, routine knowledge assets and system knowledge assets.
Abstract: Knowledge is a strategic, high-quality source of power. Knowledge assets – technological and human capital – have been recognized as key resource for sustaining competitive advantage in a dynamic turbulent environment. Past research argued that knowledge is important to facilitate and leverage knowledge assets. Most of the firm’s knowledge and skills reside in its human capital, often in tacit and explicit knowledge. Existing knowledge is not enough to be competitive on the future market. Firms must collect, disseminate and create knowledge capital. According to the theory of dynamic organization knowledge creation (SECI; processes of socialization, externalization, combination and internalization), knowledge assets are the key elements that facilitate knowledge creation processes. Knowledge can be created on personal / organizational level, and also externally, such as with customers, partners and suppliers. Nonaka, Toyama and Konno (2005) identified four dimensions of construct of organizational knowledge capital: experimental knowledge assets, conceptual knowledge assets, routine knowledge assets and system knowledge assets. Each form of knowledge has specific individual support in process of knowledge creation. The firms needs vision and synchronized entire team. This paper employed a survey instrument and collected data in Slovenia. Our research confirmed Nonaka, Toyama and Konno (2005) research, we confirmed all four dimensions of organizational knowledge capital. Total 195 responses were analysed. The study shows importance to create learning environment, networking between professionals, to build trust encourage open, share / disseminate knowledge and create new knowledge.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored skills and knowledge required for merchandising professionals to fulfill their roles and perform their responsibilities in the South African apparel retail industry and identified 8 soft skills, 7 hard skills, 10 explicit knowledge types, and 1 tacit knowledge type as essential.
Abstract: This study explored skills and knowledge required for merchandising professionals to fulfill their roles and perform their responsibilities in the South African apparel retail industry. The apparel merchandising competency (AMC) framework was used as a theoretical foundation in this research. A phenomenological approach was followed to explore the perspective of professionals employed by South African retail companies. Semistructured, face-to-face, in-depth individual interviews were conducted with 16 merchandisers who had between 2 and 20 years of experience in the apparel industry. Atlas.ti software was used for data organization and analyses. Following the AMC framework, four topical areas emerged: (a) soft skills, (b) hard skills, (c) explicit knowledge, and (d) tacit knowledge. To fulfill their roles and perform their responsibilities, 8 soft skills, 7 hard skills, 10 explicit knowledge types, and 1 tacit knowledge type were identified as essential. Thick description of the findings using participant quotes and a graphical representation is presented.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the impact of respectful engagement (RE) and workplace friendship (i.e., friendship opportunity and friendship prevalence) on tacit knowledge sharing is investigated. But, the authors find that RE is an essential precursor of TKS, having both a direct positive relationship with TKS and partial indirect positive relationship through friendship opportunity, and that RE was also positively related to the two facets of workplace friendship.
Abstract: PurposeDespite the importance of knowledge sharing (KS), organizations find it difficult to motivate their employees to share their knowledge with co-workers. Based on a combination of the group value model and the socialization resources theory (SRT), this study is, therefore, an endeavor to contribute to the understanding of how organizations can develop efficacious tacit knowledge sharing (TKS)-strategies by harnessing insights from the impact of respectful engagement (RE) and workplace friendship (i.e. friendship opportunity and friendship prevalence).Design/methodology/approachGroup value model and SRT are used to develop a new pathway to TKS which focuses on how RE among employees contributes to the development of workplace friendship which in turn facilitates TKS. Self-reported data were collected online from 593 employees working in various organizational sectors. Hypotheses were tested with structural equation modeling (SEM).FindingsThe results suggest that RE is an essential precursor of TKS, having both direct positive relationship with TKS and partial indirect positive relationship through friendship opportunity and friendship prevalence. RE was also positively related to the two facets of workplace friendship (i.e. friendship opportunity and friendship prevalence). Both friendship opportunity and friendship prevalence were positively related to TKS.Practical implicationsThese findings underscore the importance of implementing initiatives that support positive interrelations characterized by respect at work in order to promote TKS.Originality/valueBy linking RE to TKS, this study adds new insight to the relational basis of sharing personal asset/resource as tacit knowledge. The inclusion of mediation path helps in shedding light and opening up a black box of RE-TKS interface.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors investigated and compared the elements that influence construction project workers in sub-Saharan Africa from sharing their tacit knowledge and found that tacit knowledge sharing is not practiced globally but practiced separately in relation to culture.
Abstract: At present, knowledge, especially tacit knowledge, has become the core source of value creation. Domain specialists or senior employees are vital to the survival and development of companies because of their tacit knowledge. Therefore, this study investigates and compares the elements that influence construction project workers in sub-Saharan Africa from sharing their tacit knowledge. A survey approach was utilised to evaluate the hypotheses from two sub-Saharan African countries. This study indicates that the mediation effects of organisational culture differ between the countries and reveal that tacit knowledge sharing is not practiced globally but practiced separately in relation to culture. Management is recommended to provide a work atmosphere that promotes workers to share and discuss their knowledge. This study illustrates several theoretical and practical consequences, such as developing a theoretical and practical understanding of dual countries by enhancing the concept of knowledge sharing.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Benassi et al. as mentioned in this paper defined state-owned enterprises (SOEs) as entities established according to the statutory laws of the country; they can be either wholly or partially owned, with the government having a significant level of shareholding and ownership.
Abstract: In the knowledge-based economy, organisational knowledge assets are the cornerstone and sources of superior performance, innovation and sustainability. The knowledge-based view (KBV) of the firm calls for the protection of organisational tacit knowledge assets through the investment in relevant knowledge management (KM) practices (Grant 1996; Phaladi 2021; Takeuchi 2013). Sultan Balbuena (2014:9) defines state-owned enterprises (SOEs) as entities established according to the statutory laws of the country; they can be either wholly or partially owned, with the government having a significant level of shareholding and ownership. Stateowned enterprises (SOEs) are the business entities owned by the government to meet the socioeconomic objectives or mandates of their home countries. They are economic transformation and job creation agents at the heart of economic and innovation development in many countries (Saxen & Das 2021). In their own right, SOEs are knowledge-creating and knowledge-based organisations which play an important role in the knowledge economy (Benassi & Landoni 2019). Globally, SOEs are economic drivers in both developed and non-developed countries (OECD 2018; Saxen & Das 2021). In South Africa, SOEs are central to positioning the country as a developmental state and play a critical role in the job creation space (Gumede, Govender & Motshidi 2011). State-owned enterprises play a significant role in the global knowledge economy (Benassi & Landoni 2019). These enterprises are most prevalent in strategic sectors such as energy, minerals, infrastructure, and other utilities and, in some countries, development financial services. State-owned enterprises are also used as instruments for socioeconomic development in South Africa (Gumede et al. 2011), but many of them are in perpetual struggle facing the issue of Background: State-owned enterprises (SOEs) in South Africa face a serious challenge of knowledge loss caused largely by resignations, the ageing workforce and a lack of knowledge management (KM) practices.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors conducted a case study at a railway infrastructure manager and identified three key practical problems that hinder current KMS use and sharing of tacit knowledge, and developed a knowledge management platform to overcome these problems.
Abstract: ABSTRACT Knowledge management (KM) can facilitate collaboration and enhance innovation. To manage knowledge, organisations typically implement knowledge management systems (KMSs). It has been shown that KMS facilitates the management of explicit knowledge. However, KMSs are at times not embraced because of issues such as long file search times and information overload. Moreover, managing tacit knowledge via KMS is hardly discussed in literature. To shed light on these issues, this paper conducts a case study at a railway infrastructure manager. Three key practical problems have been identified that hinder current KMS use and sharing of tacit knowledge. To overcome these problems, a KM platform was developed, and its usability was assessed with 17 experts. A paired-samples t-test reveals that the developed platform reduces the file search time compared to the current solution. Moreover, structured interviews show that the lesson-learned site component contributes to improved learning, and the KM platform facilitates collaboration building.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors applied boundary theory to public manager efforts to overcome AI capacity gaps through a public sector collaborative learning forum and found that unstructured learning fora are better suited to the transfer of tacit procedural knowledge than declarative knowledge about AI, emphasizing the importance of social trust and network structure to overcome knowledge gaps through peer learning.
Abstract: This analysis applies boundary theory to public manager efforts to overcome AI capacity gaps through a public sector collaborative learning forum. Administrative and interview data identify the types of knowledge managers are able to access, the types of organizational differences that influence learning, and the strategies public managers use to overcome them. Analysis suggests that unstructured learning fora are better suited to the transfer of tacit procedural knowledge than declarative knowledge about AI, and emphasizes the importance of social trust and network structure to overcome knowledge gaps through peer learning.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Oct 2022-Energy
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors proposed an intelligent decision support model considering tacit knowledge for program decision-making with conflicting objectives, which can partially replace experts in supporting policymakers and owners throughout the planning stage.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , a large-scale experiment to collect behavioral data, characterized the distribution of tacit coordination ability, and modeled the decision-making behavior of players, and constructed a model linking between individual strategic profiles of players and their coordination ability.
Abstract: Previous experiments in tacit coordination games hinted that some people are more successful in achieving coordination than others, although the variability in this ability has not yet been examined before. With that in mind, the overarching aim of our study is to model and describe the variability in human decision-making behavior in the context of tacit coordination games.In this study, we conducted a large-scale experiment to collect behavioral data, characterized the distribution of tacit coordination ability, and modeled the decision-making behavior of players. First, we measured the multimodality in the data and described it by using a Gaussian mixture model. Then, using multivariate linear regression and dimensionality reduction (PCA), we have constructed a model linking between individual strategic profiles of players and their coordination ability. Finally, we validated the predictive performance of the model by using external validation.We demonstrated that coordination ability is best described by a multimodal distribution corresponding to the levels of coordination ability and that there is a significant relationship between the player's strategic profile and their coordination ability. External validation determined that our predictive model is robust.The study provides insight into the amount of variability that exists in individual tacit coordination ability as well as in individual strategic profiles and shows that both are quite diverse. Our findings may facilitate the construction of improved algorithms for human-machine interaction in diverse contexts. Additional avenues for future research are discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , a novel card game method designed to provide insights into connections between mundane everyday practices and renewable energy generation is presented, which can help researchers explore relationships that exist across weather, energy, and practice.
Abstract: This article examines the potential of a novel card game method designed to provide insights into connections between mundane everyday practices and renewable energy generation. The method was developed as part of an ethnographic project exploring Australian householders’ experiences of weather and climate and evaluating their impacts on everyday practices and localised energy production. The card game drew inspiration from other similar methods and exemplifies intentional underdesign. Such design describes deliberately unrefined research methods meant to provoke participant engagement and playfulness because they are incomplete, irrelevant, or inadequate and thereby draw out tacit and unexamined lay expertise. Examples from the project reported in the article show how the card game method facilitated conversations revealing how weather knowledge and understandings inform awareness of renewable energy availability and practices that depend on it. We conclude that the card game method can help researchers explore relationships that exist across weather, energy, and practice. We also propose other areas where this method and intentional underdesign could generate more productive insights for geographers and others in allied disciplines.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors examined the micromechanisms of how knowledge culture fosters human capital development and provided direct empirical evidence that tacit knowledge sharing supports human capital, whereas tacit knowledge hiding does not, and this hiding is considered a waste of knowledge.
Abstract: Purpose This study aims to examine the micromechanisms of how knowledge culture fosters human capital development. Design/methodology/approach An empirical model was developed by using the structural equation modeling method based on a sample of 321 Polish knowledge workers employed in different industries. Findings This study provides direct empirical evidence that tacit knowledge sharing supports human capital, whereas tacit knowledge hiding does not, and this hiding is considered a waste of knowledge. If tacit knowledge does not circulate within an organization, it is a severe waste of an organization. The findings indicate that shame from making mistakes might impede the sharing of knowledge gained from making those mistakes, and in such cases, the knowledge remains hidden. Practical implications Leaders aiming to ensure human capital growth should implement an authentic learning culture composed of a learning climate and mistakes acceptance components that enable open discussion about mistakes on each organizational level. Originality/value The knowledge culture is found to be an essential element of building human capital but, at the same time, not sufficient without a learning culture, and its mistakes acceptance component. A permanent organizational learning mode that supports a continuous organizational shared mental model reframing is an antidote to tacit knowledge hiding.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , a framework of tacit-codified knowledge interdependence was developed to analyze the relationship between patent mobility and patent maintenance. But the authors did not consider the effect of patent mobility on the patent maintenance of the left-behind patents.
Abstract: The mobility of inventors leaves behind their patented inventions at sourcing firms, yet there is little scholarly insight into how firms handle those intellectual properties. We investigate this important issue by developing a framework of tacit-codified knowledge interdependence. We theorize that tacit and codified knowledge offer the intellectual and legal pillars of corporate inventions, which complement each other in value creation. Inventor mobility decouples the two pillars and reduces the maintenance likelihood of the left-behind patents. The negative impact is greater for inventions that are complex or rely less on internal prior art because the tacit knowledge loss is more destructive and unrecoverable. However, when inventors move to competing or litigious target firms, the relationship between mobility and patent maintenance becomes less negative or even turns positive because the left-behind patents can be leveraged to hedge against the risk of knowledge leakage. Applying a two-stage Coarsened Exact Matching approach to construct a sample of 36,204 U.S. patents with comparable leaving and staying inventors from public firms between 1983 and 2010, we find strong evidence supporting our framework. Our findings highlight the intricate interdependence of tacit and codified knowledge in corporate inventions and add to the literatures on inventor mobility and intellectual property management.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors analyze the moderating effect of technological turbulence caused by artificial intelligence on the relationship between the traditional knowledge management strategies of personalization (tacit knowledge) and codification (explicit knowledge), and organizational improvisation, which refers to the firm's ability to generate ideas and respond to changes in the technological environment in real time.
Abstract: Purpose This paper aims to analyze the moderating effect of technological turbulence caused by artificial intelligence on the relationship between the traditional knowledge management strategies of personalization (tacit knowledge) and codification (explicit knowledge), and organizational improvisation, which refers to the firm's ability to generate ideas and respond to changes in the technological environment in real time. Until now, individuals have played a key and indispensable role in organizational improvisation since they are the owners of tacit knowledge and users of explicit knowledge. Design/methodology/approach The research model was tested in a sample of firms from sectors in which the adoption of intelligent robots is growing. Findings Both personalization and codification have a positive and significant influence on improvisation, the former to a greater extent. Nevertheless, when technological turbulence caused by artificial intelligence occurs, the relationship between personalization and improvisation is weakened, whereas the link between codification and improvisation is strengthened. Originality/value Contrary to the pre-digital literature consensus, explicit knowledge is becoming the new major driver of organizational improvisation, while tacit knowledge sharing is losing strength and relevance. This finding may be a first indication that intelligent robots are the new exponents of improvisation for their ability to respond to changes in the environment in real time because of a combination of explicit knowledge, beyond being a mere support tool for humans.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article provided a formal, reasoning-based account of tacit commitments based on virtual bargaining, a mode of reasoning that joins elements of individualistic and collaborative reasoning, and showed that even purely self-interested individuals can, under certain conditions, tacitly commit to punishing counterparts who violate an unenforceable agreement, or to cooperating in dynamic games, including the Centipede game and the finitely repeated Prisoner's Dilemma game.