Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase

About: Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1115 publications have been published within this topic receiving 45937 citations. The topic is also known as: HPAP & SPENCDI.

Tartrate-Resistant Acid-Phosphatase-Activity in Rat Cultured Osteoclasts in Inhibited by a Carboxyl-Terminal Peptide (osteostatin) From Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein

Abstract: A carboxyl‐terminal peptide sequence (“osteostatin”) from parathyroid hormone related protein has been shown to have an inhibitory effect on osteoclastic bone resorption—an action opposite to its amino‐terminal sequence. In this study, we proposed that inhibition of osteoclastic bone resorption by osteostatin was associated with reduction of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAcP) activity in osteoclasts. Our results have indicated that osteostatin reduced TRAcP activity in a dose dependent manner. This effect of osteostatin was both sensitive (half maximal effect approximately 5 × 10−13 M) and potent (maximum inhibition approximately 50% of control). In the first 90 min of treatment, however, reduction of TRAcP activity was erratic but became persistent and progressive when the time course was extended. Moreover, throughout the experimental period the levels of TRAcP activity in the culture medium had fallen significantly. It appears that osteostatin has a biphasic effect on TRAcP activity, inhibiting its secretion and either suppressing its synthesis or increasing its degradation. In addition, osteostatin induced rapid cellular retraction of both human and rat cultured osteoclasts, which was morphologically distinct from that produced by calcitonin.

Effects of a metabolic syndrome induced by a fructose-rich diet on bone metabolism in rats

Abstract: Objective The aims of this study were: first, to evaluate the possible effects of a fructose rich diet (FRD)-induced metabolic syndrome (MS) on different aspects of long bone histomorphometry in young male rats; second, to investigate the effects of this diet on bone tissue regeneration; and third, to correlate these morphometric alterations with changes in the osteogenic/adipogenic potential and expression of specific transcription factors, of marrow stromal cells (MSC) isolated from rats with fructose-induced MS Materials/Methods MS was induced in rats by treatment with a FRD for 28 days Halfway through treatment, a parietal wound was made and bone healing was evaluated 14 days later After treatments, histomorphometric analysis was performed in dissected femoral and parietal bones MSC were isolated from the femora of control or fructose-treated rats and differentiated either to osteoblasts (evaluated by type 1 collagen, Alkaline phosphatase and extracellular nodule mineralization) or to adipocytes (evaluated by intracellular triglyceride accumulation) Expression of Runx2 and PPARγ was assessed by Western blot Results Fructose-induced MS induced deleterious effects on femoral metaphysis microarchitecture and impaired bone regeneration Fructose treatment decreased the osteogenic potential of MSC and Runx2 expression In addition, it increased the adipogenic commitment of MSC and PPARγ expression Conclusions Fructose-induced MS is associated with deleterious effects on bone microarchitecture and with a decrease in bone repair These alterations could be due to a deviation in the adipogenic/osteogenic commitment of MSC, probably by modulation of the Runx2/PPARγ ratio

Osteoblast and osteoclast behavior in zebrafish cultured scales

Abstract: Fish scale culture can be used as a model to test the effects of several molecules on bone metabolism by histological and biochemical methods, although solid cell biology data about the behavior of the scale cells in culture are needed if such a model is to be employed for pharmacological applications. In the present study, we cultured zebrafish scales at various temperatures and for various times and analyzed the behavior of the bone cells in terms of viability and activity. We demonstrated that the cultured scale cells maintained their usual distribution at 28°C until 72 h, after which time episquamal osteoblasts showed an obvious change in their cell organization followed by an increase in cell death. Osteoclast tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and osteoblast alkaline phosphatase activities were maintained until 72 h but were reduced at 96 h as a consequence of the massive cell death. This scenario indicates that zebrafish scales cultured until 72 h can be considered as an innovative model of explanted organ culture to assay the ability of chemical compounds to modulate the metabolism of bone cells.