Topic
Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase
About: Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1115 publications have been published within this topic receiving 45937 citations. The topic is also known as: HPAP & SPENCDI.
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TL;DR: Aloperine is a new alkaloid extracted from the leaves and seeds of sophora bean, which has many biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antiviral and anticancer activities as discussed by the authors.
4 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that 1,25(OH)2D3 may suppress OC differentiation by inhibiting TRPV5 expression, which was down-regulated by 1,24-dihydroxyvitamin D3 after a prolonged exposure.
Abstract: Background Vitamin D is an important steroid that can regulate bone metabolism including osteoclast (OC) differentiation. Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 5 (TRPV5), is a calcium channel protein involved in OC differentiation. However, the impact of vitamin D on TRPV5 expression during OC differentiation is not clear. Objectives To determine if 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) regulates the expression of TRPV5 during OC differentiation. Methods Bone marrow mononuclear macrophage (BMMs) were induced to differentiate into OC with or without treatment with 10 nM 1,25(OH)2D3. The expression levels of vitamin D receptor (VDR) and TRPV5 were examined. The expression of several OC markers, including tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), carbonic anhydrase II (Ca II), cathepsin K (CTSK), and vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) were also detected. Results We found that the VDR was expressed in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages at the early stage of OC differentiation. TRPV5 expression was increased during OC differentiation, which was down-regulated by 1,25(OH)2D3 after a prolonged exposure. The 1,25(OH)2D3 and TRPV5 inhibitors inhibited OC differentiation. Conclusions 1,25(OH)2D3 can inhibit TRPV5 expression as well as TRPV5 inhibitors during OC differentiation. This suggests that 1,25(OH)2D3 may suppress OC differentiation by inhibiting TRPV5 expression.
4 citations
Journal Article•
4 citations
TL;DR: The ratio of RANKL to OPG was very low during most of the arterial calcification period, which likely explains why RankL had the ability to induce osteoclast-like cell differentiation but acted as a promoter of calcification instead.
Abstract: Osteoclast-like cells are known to inhibit arterial calcification. Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) is likely to act as an inducer of osteoclast-like cell differentiation. However, several studies have shown that RANKL promotes arterial calcification rather than inhibiting arterial calcification. The present study was conducted in order to investigate and elucidate this paradox. Firstly, RANKL was added into the media, and the monocyte precursor cells were cultured. Morphological observation and Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining were used to assess whether RANKL could induce the monocyte precursor cells to differentiate into osteoclast-like cells. During arterial calcification, in vivo and in vitro expression of RANKL and its inhibitor, osteoprotegerin (OPG), was detected by real-time PCR. The extent of osteoclast-like cell differentiation was also assessed. It was found RANKL could induce osteoclast-like cell differentiation. There was no in vivo or in vitro expression of osteoclast-like cells in the early stage of calcification. At that time, the ratio of RANKL to OPG was very low. In the late stage of calcification, a small amount of osteoclast-like cell expression coincided with a relatively high ratio of RANKL to OPG. According to the results, the ratio of RANKL to OPG was very low during most of the arterial calcification period. This made it possible for OPG to completely inhibit RANKL-induced osteoclast-like cell differentiation. This likely explains why RANKL had the ability to induce osteoclast-like cell differentiation but acted as a promoter of calcification instead.
4 citations
TL;DR: It was shown that TRAP-positive osteoblast existed, and that the osteoblasts located at or near the regions where osteoclastic bone resorption was taking place, became TRAP positive.
Abstract: Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in the metaphyseal and diaphyseal osteoblasts of the tibiae of young growing rats was histochemically examined. To evaluate the histochemical reactivity of TRAP, both the azo-dye method and the lead-salt method were used. In metaphyseal bone trabeculae, both osteoblasts and osteoclasts existed on the bone surfaces, indicating active bone remodeling. The osteoblasts appeared round or columnar in shape with abundant cytoplasm. Most osteoblasts were TRAP-positive and the reaction product was distributed throughout the cytoplasm, producing a granular appearance. Osteoclasts had the most intense TRAP activity among bone cells. In the endosteum of diaphyses, the bone surfaces were commonly covered with osteoblasts, indicating predominant bone formation. The osteoblasts in these areas were TRAP negative. On some endosteal surfaces, where bone remodeling was taking place, the osteoblasts co-existed with osteoclasts. In these areas the osteoblasts were TRAP-positive. From these results, it was shown that TRAP-positive osteoblasts existed, and that the osteoblasts located at or near the regions where osteoclastic bone resorption was taking place, became TRAP positive.
4 citations