Topic
Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase
About: Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1115 publications have been published within this topic receiving 45937 citations. The topic is also known as: HPAP & SPENCDI.
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TL;DR: A human homolog of OCIL and its gene is identified, its regulation in human osteoblast cell lines is determined, and it is established that it can inhibit murine and human osteoclast formation and resorption.
Abstract: Osteoclast inhibitory lectin (OCIL) is a newly recognized inhibitor of osteoclast formation. We identified a human homolog of OCIL and its gene, determined its regulation in human osteoblast cell lines, and established that it can inhibit murine and human osteoclast formation and resorption. OCIL shows promise as a new antiresorptive.
Introduction: Murine and rat osteoclast inhibitory lectins (mOCIL and rOCIL, respectively) are type II membrane C-type lectins expressed by osteoblasts and other extraskeletal tissues, with the extracellular domain of each, expressed as a recombinant protein, able to inhibit in vitro osteoclast formation.
Materials and Methods: We isolated the human homolog of OCIL (hOCIL) from a human fetal cDNA library that predicts a 191 amino acid type II membrane protein, with the 112 amino acid C-type lectin region in the extracellular domain having 53% identity with the C-type lectin sequences of rOCIL and mOCIL. The extracellular domain of hOCIL was expressed as a soluble recombinant protein in E. coli, and its biological effects were determined.
Results and Conclusions: The hOCIL gene is 25 kb in length, comprised of five exons, and is a member of a superfamily of natural killer (NK) cell receptors encoded by the NK gene complex located on chromosome 12. Human OCIL mRNA expression is upregulated by interleukin (IL)-1α and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in a time-dependent manner in human osteogenic sarcoma MG63 cells, but not by dexamethasone or 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3. Soluble recombinant hOCIL had biological effects comparable with recombinant mOCIL on human and murine osteoclastogenesis. In addition to its capacity to limit osteoclast formation, OCIL was also able to inhibit bone resorption by mature, giant-cell tumor-derived osteoclasts. Thus, a human homolog of OCIL exists that is highly conserved with mOCIL in its primary amino acid sequence (C-lectin domain), genomic structure, and activity to inhibit osteoclastogenesis.
49 citations
TL;DR: The results demonstrated that controlled-release naringin nanoscaffolds supported greater osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization and suppressed osteoclast formation.
49 citations
TL;DR: The gain- and loss-of-function experiments establish that calcineurin Aalpha is necessary for osteoclast formation from its precursor and that this occurs via an NFATc1-dependent mechanism.
Abstract: Here, we demonstrate that the Ca2+/calmodulin-sensitive phosphatase calcineurin is a necessary downstream mediator for osteoclast differentiation. Using quantitative PCR, we detected the calcineuri...
49 citations
TL;DR: Human blood monocytes were stimulated with various immune modulators in short‐term cultures and Tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase activity was demonstrated with an enzyme cyto‐chemical method, suggesting TAcP is an inducible differentiation marker that indicates transformation of monocytes into cells belonging to a distinct subset of the MPS.
Abstract: Human blood monocytes (BM) were stimulated with various immune modulators in short-term cultures. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TAcP) activity was demonstrated with an enzyme cyto-chemical method. Other members of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS), such as peritoneal (PM) and alveolar macrophages (AM), were also tested. Unstimulated BM and physiologic functional forms of macrophages, with the exception of AM, were invariably TAcP negative. On appropriate stimulation, particularly with media containing lymphokines, cultured BM became TAcP positive. The results suggest that TAcP is an inducible differentiation marker that indicates transformation of monocytes into cells belonging to a distinct subset of the MPS.
48 citations
TL;DR: The data suggest that orthodontic tooth movement after appliance activation requires the recruitment of osteoclasts to sites of compression and that this is indomethacin-sensitive, and that indomethire enhances root resorption at compression sites 10 days after appliance reactivation.
48 citations