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Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase

About: Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1115 publications have been published within this topic receiving 45937 citations. The topic is also known as: HPAP & SPENCDI.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The interface of bone and aragonite nacre was studied by in situ hybridization and a tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) histochemical assay and a strong transient induction of collagen alpha1(I) and osteocalcin mRNAs as well as TRAP expression was observed.

39 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase was isolated from a human leukemic spleen by freeze-thawing in saline and purified by repeated chromatography on carboxymethyl-cellulose, which has properties different from the pyrophosphatase previously observed in normal animal tissues.
Abstract: A tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase was isolated from a human leukemic spleen by freeze-thawing in saline and purified by repeated chromatography on carboxymethyl-cellulose. The purified enzyme has a molecular weight of 64 000. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of inorganic and organic pyrophosphate as well as the phenolic ester of monoorthophosphate, with optimal activity between pH 5 and 6. However, there is no activity toward mono-orthophosphate esters of aliphatic alcohols. The present data have identified its catalytic function as a pyrophosphatase. However, it has properties different from the pyrophosphatase previously observed in normal animal tissues.

39 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that naturally occurring furosin has an inhibitory activity on both osteoclast differentiation and function through mechanisms involving inhibition of the RANKL-induced p38MAPK and JNK/AP-1 activation as well as actin ring formation.

39 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that cabozantinib inhibits osteoclast functions “directly’ and “indirectly” reducing the RANKL/osteoprotegerin ratio in osteoblasts.
Abstract: // Marco Fioramonti 1, * , Daniele Santini 1, * , Michele Iuliani 1 , Giulia Ribelli 1 , Paolo Manca 1 , Nicola Papapietro 2 , Filippo Spiezia 2 , Bruno Vincenzi 1 , Vincenzo Denaro 2 , Antonio Russo 3 , Giuseppe Tonini 1 , Francesco Pantano 1 1 Department of Medical Oncology, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy 2 Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy 3 Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy * These authors share first authorship and are listed in alphabetical order Correspondence to: Michele Iuliani, email: m.iuliani@unicampus.it Keywords: cabozantinib, bone microenvironment, receptor activator of nuclear factor-kb ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), human primary cells Received: November 25, 2016 Accepted: January 22, 2017 Published: February 16, 2017 ABSTRACT Cabozantinib, a c-MET and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 inhibitor, demonstrated to prolong progression free survival and improve skeletal disease-related endpoints in castration-resistant prostate cancer and in metastatic renal carcinoma. Our purpose is to investigate the direct effect of cabozantinib on bone microenvironment using a total human model of primary osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Osteoclasts were differentiated from monocytes isolated from healthy donors; osteoblasts were derived from human mesenchymal stem cells obtained from bone fragments of orthopedic surgery patients. Osteoclast activity was evaluated by tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and bone resorption assays and osteoblast differentiation was detected by alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red staining. Our results show that non-cytotoxic doses of cabozantinib significantly inhibit osteoclast differentiation (p=0.0145) and bone resorption activity (p=0.0252). Moreover, cabozantinib down-modulates the expression of osteoclast marker genes, TRAP (p=0.006), CATHEPSIN K (p=0.004) and Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor k B ( RANK ) (p=0.001). Cabozantinib treatment has no effect on osteoblast viability or differentiation, but increases osteoprotegerin mRNA (p=0.015) and protein levels (p=0.004) and down-modulates Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor k B Ligand ( RANKL ) at both mRNA (p<0.001) and protein levels (p=0.043). Direct cell-to-cell contact between cabozantinib pre-treated osteoblasts and untreated osteoclasts confirmed the indirect anti-resorptive effect of cabozantinib. We demonstrate that cabozantinib inhibits osteoclast functions “directly” and “indirectly” reducing the RANKL/osteoprotegerin ratio in osteoblasts.

38 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The tissue distribution of Runx2/Cbaf1/Pebp2αA in ossifying bones of the human fetus is similar to that in neonatal rodent tissues, and positive immunostaining of osteoclasts for typical osteogenic/chondrogenic markers has to be interpreted with caution due to the phagocytosing capacity of these cells.
Abstract: Runx2/Cbfa1 is a transcription factor, essential for the osteogenic/chondrogenic and odontogenic lineage. Three isoforms of Cbfa1 have been identified, type I (Pebp2alphaA isoform), type II (til-1 isoform), and type III (Osf2 isoform). Here we examined the expression of the Runx2/Cbfa1 during intramembranous and enchondral bone formation in the craniofacial tissues of neonatal rodents (hamster, rat, mouse) and the human fetus. We used a monoclonal antibody raised against the Pebp2alphaA portion and thus potentially recognizing all three isoforms of Runx2/Cbaf1. We report Cbfa1 at the mRNA and protein level in periosteum, preosteoblasts, osteoblasts, young osteocytes, perichondrium, resting and hypertrophic chondrocytes. During active bone remodeling, almost one third of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) positive multinuclear cells identified as osteoclasts were also stained with anti-Pebp2alphaA antibodies. Osteoclasts, however, did not express mRNA transcripts of the Pebp2alphaA gene. Some of the immunopositive structures within these osteoclasts resembled (ingested) cells. TRAP-positive mononuclear cells not attached to bone surfaces did not stain with anti-Pebp2alphaA antibodies. We concluded that the tissue distribution of Runx2/Cbaf1/Pebp2alphaA in ossifying bones of the human fetus is similar to that in neonatal rodent tissues. Osteoclasts do not transcribe the Runx2/Cbfa1 gene but become immunostained by phagocytosing and digesting osteocytes/hypertrophic chondrocytes. The substantial number of osteoclasts involved in phagocytosis of Runx2/Cbfa1 immunopositive cells suggests that phagocytosis is a major way of removing osteocytes/hypertrophic chondrocytes during resorption of bone and cartilage. Finally, the data indicate that positive immunostaining of osteoclasts for typical osteogenic/chondrogenic markers has to be interpreted with caution due to the phagocytosing capacity of these cells.

38 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20239
202238
202126
202025
201913
201821