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Task analysis

About: Task analysis is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 10432 publications have been published within this topic receiving 283481 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Two studies were conducted with children who displayed behavior problems to evaluate the effects of task preference, task demands, and adult attention on child behavior.
Abstract: Two studies were conducted with children who displayed behavior problems to evaluate the effects of task preference, task demands, and adult attention on child behavior. In Study 1, we conducted brief functional analyses in an outpatient clinic to identify variables that facilitated appropriate behavior. For 8 of 10 children, distinct patterns of performance occurred; 3 children displayed improved behavior with changes in task demands, 1 child displayed improved behavior with a preferred task, and 4 children displayed improved behavior with changes in adult attention. In most cases, the children's parents carried out the assessments with adequate procedural integrity. In Study 2, we applied similar assessment methods to a classroom setting over an extended period of time. We identified independent variables controlling appropriate, on-task, and academic behavior for 2 children on two tasks, with slightly different treatment procedures across tasks for both children. In addition, the results of brief functional analyses for both children corresponded to the extended classroom assessments.

182 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results of the series of three experiments illustrate the sensitivity of the P300 to the processing requirements of a complex target acquisition task and the multidimensional nature of processing resources.
Abstract: Current concerns in the assessment of mental workload are discussed, and the event-related brain potential (ERP) is introduced as a promising mental-workload index. Subjects participated in a series of studies in which they were required to perform a target acquisition task while also covertly counting either auditory or visual probes. The effects of several task-difficulty manipulations on the P300 component of the ERP elicited by the counted stimulus probes were investigated. With sufficiently practiced subjects the amplitude of the P300 was found to decrease with increases in task difficulty. The second experiment also provided evidence that the P300 is selectively sensitive to task-relevant attributes. A third experiment demonstrated a convergence in the amplitude of the P300s elicited in the simple and difficult versions of the tracking task. The amplitude of the P300 was also found to covary with the measures of tracking performance. The results of the series of three experiments illustrate the sensitivity of the P300 to the processing requirements of a complex target acquisition task. The findings are discussed in terms of the multidimensional nature of processing resources.

181 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: These findings support models of task switching that incorporate top-down processes in accounts of switch costs and suggest the degree to which task switching procedures capture top- down versus bottom-up processes may depend on the extent of environmental support provided by the procedure.
Abstract: In the voluntary task switching procedure, subjects choose the task to perform on a series of bivalent stimuli, requiring top-down control of task switching. Experiments 1-3 contrasted voluntary task switching and explicit task cuing. Choice behavior showed small, inconsistent effects of external stimulus characteristics, supporting the assumption of top-down control of task choice. Switch costs were smaller when subjects chose to switch tasks than when instructed by an external cue. Experiments 4-6 separated choice costs from switch costs. These findings support models of task switching that incorporate top-down processes in accounts of switch costs. The degree to which task switching procedures capture top-down versus bottom-up processes may depend on the extent of environmental support provided by the procedure.

181 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the role of reading-related experience and processing speed on the time it took for children to name familiar stimuli was determined, with a total of 168 children, aged 7 to 13, administered measures of global processing speed, title and author recognition, naming time and reading ability.
Abstract: The aim of the present research was to determine the role of reading-related experience and processing speed on the time it took for children to name familiar stimuli. A total of 168 children, aged 7 to 13, were administered measures of global processing speed, title and author recognition, naming time, and reading ability. Naming times were predicted by age-related change in processing time but not by reading experience (as assessed by author and title recognition). The results are discussed in terms of the factors responsible for the relation between naming speed and reading.

181 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a secure basis for "task" as research construct and for the quantification of discoursal data is attainable only by switching the conceptual and methodological focus to task-in-process.
Abstract: The article examines “task” as research construct as predominantly conceived in terms of task-as-workplan in the task-based learning/second language acquisition literature. It is suggested that “task” has weak construct validity and ontology in an overwhelmingly quantitative paradigm because the construct has a “split personality.” Conceptualization is based on the task-as-workplan, but data are gathered from the task-in-process. The article adopts a conversation analysis perspective and demonstrates that the two can be very different. It is proposed that a secure basis for “task” as research construct and for the quantification of discoursal data is attainable only by switching the conceptual and methodological focus to task-in-process.

181 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202328
202264
2021665
2020819
2019737
2018834