Showing papers on "Ternary operation published in 1978"
TL;DR: In this article, a data base covering the transition metals has been developed which permits coupling of thermochemical and phase diagram data and can readily be employed to compute ternary and higher order systems.
Abstract: A data base covering the transition metals has been developed which permits coupling of thermochemical and phase diagram data and can readily be employed to compute ternary and higher order systems. The current paper, which is part of a series, details the following twelve binary systems: silicon-carbon, aluminum-silicon, titanium-silicon, chromium-silicon, manganese-silicon, iron-silicon, cobalt-silicon, nickel-silicon, copper-silicon, niobium-silicon, molybdenum-silicon and tungstensilicon. This brings the total of such systems covered to date to sixty-nine. This paper together with past and projected contributions will cover other binary members in order to permit computation of a wide range of ternary and higher order systems.
386 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a technique is described for the estimation of the influence of random potential alloy scattering on the high field transport properties of quaternary III-V semiconductors obtained by Monte Carlo simulation.
Abstract: A technique is described for the estimation of the influence of random potential alloy scattering on the high field transport properties of quaternary III–V semiconductors obtained by Monte Carlo simulation. The approach is based on an extension of a theoretical model for scattering in the ternary alloys. The magnitude of the scattering potential is an important parameter in alloy scattering, and three proposed models for calculating this potential are discussed. These are the energy bandgap difference, the electron affinity difference, and the heteropolar energy difference for the appropriate binary compounds. The technique is used in the Monte Carlo method to study the influence of alloy scattering on the transport properties of III–V quaternary alloys. The results of this study are used in a device model to estimate device parameters for FETs.
169 citations
TL;DR: The structure of EuCo2P2 (ThCr2Si2-type) was refined from single-crystal counter data to a conventional R value of 0.047 for 210 unique structure factors.
143 citations
133 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the low-field ac susceptibility on ternary alloys of Pd + 035 at% Fe and a Mn concentration of 0 to 8 at% reveal, for three distinct regimes of Mn concentration, a giant-moment ferromagnetic phase followed by a lower-temperature spinglass transition, and a spin-glass phase.
Abstract: Measurements of the low-field ac susceptibility on ternary alloys of Pd + 035 at% Fe and a Mn concentration of 0 to 8 at% reveal, for three distinct regimes of Mn concentration, (a) a giant-moment ferromagnetism, (b) a high-temperature ferromagnetic phase followed by a lower-temperature spin-glass transition, and (c) a spin-glass phase Our results for the susceptibility and the $T\ensuremath{-}c$ phase diagram are satisfactorily explained by the spin-glass theory of Sherrington and Kirkpatrick
128 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the thermodynamic pair interaction parameters of the ternary systems electrolyte (alkali halides and tetraalkylammonium bromides) and nonelectrolyte (n-alcohols and tert-butylalcohol) were measured at 25 °C through enthalpies of solution, of mixing and of dilution, densities and heat capacities per unit volume.
Abstract: The thermodynamic pair interaction parameters of the ternary systems electrolyte (alkali halides and tetraalkylammonium bromides)–nonelectrolyte (n-alcohols and tert-butylalcohol)–water were measured at 25 °C through enthalpies of solution, of mixing and of dilution, densities and heat capacities per unit volume. Some freezing point and electromotive force data were also combined with previously published data to obtain free energies. From these pair parameters the complete thermodynamics of the salting in and salting out of alcohols can be derived and were used to test various theoretical approaches. Most results are consistent with the cosphere overlap structural model, and the various trends can also be correlated through the scaled-particle theory.
120 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the compositions of Ti-rich alloys in the Ti-Ni-Si system which form a metallic glass upon rapid liquid quenching have been identified, and the glass forming ability of the alloys has been related to relatively low melting points, the size differences of the components and the presence of complex intermediate phases.
106 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the isothermal cross sections through the ternary phase diagram were investigated by means of the diffusion couple technique and the results were corroborated on essential points by the investigation of equilibrated alloys.
Abstract: We have investigated the isothermal cross sections through the ternary phase diagram Tiz.sbnd;Niz.sbnd;Cu at 800 and 870 °C by means of the diffusion couple technique. The results have been corroborated on essential points by the investigation of equilibrated alloys. Use has been made of optical, microprobe a nd X-ray analyses. The results differ from those mentioned in the literature. For two hitherto undescribed ternary intermetallic compounds X-ray diffraction data are given and crystallographic cell parameters are proposed.
98 citations
TL;DR: The magnetic properties of the tetragonal ternary compounds RFe4Al8 (R=La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y and Th) were investigated in this paper.
Abstract: The magnetic properties of the tetragonal ternary compounds RFe4Al8(R=La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y and Th) were investigated. An analysis of the data is given in terms of a molecular field model involving three magnetic sublattices: the R sublattice and two antiparallel-coupled Fe sublattices. It was found that in RFe4Al8 the iron moments are coupled antiparallel to the rare earth spin moments. Estimates are given of the molecular field constants associated with the R-Fe interaction and the Fe intrasublattice interaction. Most of these compounds were also investigated by 57Fe Mossbauer spectroscopy. Values are given for the effective hyperfine fields and the isomer shifts. This technique also made possible an accurate determination of the magnetic ordering temperatures, which were difficult to detect by magnetic measurements, even though the Fe moment is about 0.7 mu B/Fe in the magnetically ordered state. The magnetic ordering temperatures range from 140 to 200K. The effective moment of the Fe atom in the paramagnetic regime is about 3.8 mu B/Fe. The magnetic properties of GdMn4Al8 and YMn4Al8 were also determined.
81 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a ternären Verbindung of allgemeiner Zusammensetzung AaBbXc, which is a + 6 Kationen and c Anionén, is diskutiert.
Abstract: Es wird die Fehlordnung in einer ternären Verbindung von allgemeiner Zusammensetzung AaBbXc, welche zusammengestellt ist aus a + 6 Kationen und c Anionén, diskutiert. Für fast alle möglichen Punktfehler wird die Konzentrationsabhängigkeit von dem AVPartialdruck und der thermodynamischen Aktivität einer der binären Komponenten gegeben, wobei fast alle möglichen Fehlordnungstypen betrachtet worden sind. Für jeden Fehlordnungstyp wird gezeigt, wie die Bedingungen der Kristallzusammensetzung von der Abweichung von Molekularität und Stöchiometrie abhängen.
78 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the first ternary phosphides Ln 2 T 12 P 7 (Ln = lanthanoid, T = Fe, Co, Ni) were prepared for the first time by reaction of the elemental components in liquid tin or by reactivity of the components in evacuated silica tubes.
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the disorder potential utilized to calculate alloy scattering in a pseudobinary semiconductor solid solution can be determined from the heteropolar energy associated with the dielectric method of calculating band structure.
Abstract: It is pointed out that the disorder potential utilized to calculate alloy scattering in a pseudobinary semiconductor solid solution can be determined from the heteropolar energy associated with the dielectric method of calculating band structure.
TL;DR: In this paper, a data base is developed for calculation of quasi-binary and quasi-ternary phase diagrams of ceramic systems (1, 3) for lattice stability, solution and compound phase parameters.
Abstract: A data base is being developed for calculation of quasi-binary and quasi-ternary phase diagrams of ceramic systems (1–3). Previous segments of this base cover combinations of Cr2O3, MgO, Al2O3, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, “FeO”, SiO2, CaO, Si3N4 and AlN. Lattice Stability, Solution and Compound Phase Parameters were derived covering the liquid, spinel, corundum, periclase, crystobalite, tridymite, quartz, hexagonal and beta prime phases which appear in the binary systems composed of pairs of these compounds. Compound phases formed from specific binary combinations of these compounds (i.e. MgO·Cr203) were also characterized. This description is based on observed thermochemistry and phase diagrams for the binary systems of interest. Selected ternary systems have been computed based on the foregoing data base for comparison with experimental sections in order to illustrate the usefulness of the data base. The present paper extends the data base to cover BeO, Y2O3 and Ce2O3 additions. Moreover, ternary sections in the SiO2-MgO-Si3N4, SiO2-Y2O3-Si3N4 and SiO2-Ce2-O3-Si3N4 were calculated between 1900K and 2100K for comparison with experiment.
TL;DR: In this article, a series of eleven rare earth ternary intermetallic compounds, RNi4Al (where R = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, and Tm) has been studied.
TL;DR: In this paper, the binary and ternary rate coefficients and ion product distributions for the reactions of the CH + 3 ion with several molecules at 300 K were presented and hence the lifetime against unimolecular decomposition of the excited associated complexes were estimated.
TL;DR: In this article, the ternary liquid-liquid equilibria for two ternaries w-hexane-ethanolacetonitrile at 40°C and water-acetate-ethyl acetate at 60°C were obtained.
Abstract: Liquid-liquid equilibrium data are obtained for the two ternary systems w-hexane-ethanolacetonitrile at 40°C and water-acetonitrile-ethyl acetate at 60°C. Vapor-liquid equilibria for the two miscible binaries of each ternary system are also determined. The measured ternary liquid-liquid equilibria are compared with those predicted from the constituent binary data alone by use of various activity coefficient equations.
TL;DR: In this article, the kinetics of surface segregation in ternary and binary alloys were investigated by computer simulation and it was shown that, in typical alloy systems, segregation occurs much more rapidly than predicted by the McLean equation which applies only in the dilute limit.
TL;DR: The ternary compounds of the rare earths with Mn and Si in the stoichiometric ratio 1:2:2 have been prepared and studied by X-ray analysis as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The ternary compounds of the rare earths with Mn and Si in the stoichiometric ratio 1:2:2 have been prepared and studied by X-ray analysis. They were found to be of the tI 10 Al 4 Ba-ThCu 2 Si 2 structure type. A number of the previously known isostructural RMn 2 Ge 2 compounds have also been prepared. The molar volumes of these phases are compared with those of other similar groups of compounds and are briefly discussed.
TL;DR: In this article, the boundaries between the normal paramagnetic, superconducting and normal magnetically ordered phases in the tetragonal pseudoternary rare earth system (Lu 1− x Ho x )Rh 4 B 4 have been established by means of a.c. magnetic susceptibility measurements to temperatures as low as 0.07 K.
Abstract: The boundaries between the normal paramagnetic, superconducting and normal magnetically ordered phases in the tetragonal pseudoternary rare earth system (Lu 1− x Ho x )Rh 4 B 4 have been established by means of a.c. magnetic susceptibility measurements to temperatures as low as 0.07 K. The heat capacities of the ternary compounds LuRh 4 B 4 and HoRh 4 B 4 and the pseudoternary compound (Lu 0.5 Ho 0.5 Rh 4 B 4 have been measured from 0.5 K to 36 K. The static magnetic susceptibility and a.c. electrical resistance have been determined between about 1 K and room temperature for the ferromagnetic ternary compound HoRh 4 B 4 .
TL;DR: The ternary molybdenum chalcogenides MMo 3 X 4 with three-dimensional networks are related to the threedimensional Mo 3 X4 networks as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Reduction of MoS 2 with alkali metals in alkali halide melts at temperatures of 700–900°C results in the formation of ternary phases A x Mo 3 S 4 and A x MoS 2 . The latter are built up of distorted layers of the MoS 2 type with the alkali metal between the chalcogenide sheets. They are able to undergo topotactic hydration and cation exchange in aqueous electrolytes. At pH x MoS 2 which behaves as a Brnsted acid and reacts with Lewis bases L to give layered intercalates L y H x MoS 2 . The A x Mo 3 S 4 phases are structurally closely related to the ternary molybdenum chalcogenides MMo 3 X 4 with three-dimensional Mo 3 X 4 networks.
TL;DR: In this paper, the second stage of the reaction was further studied and it was shown that the free graphite spacings are susceptible to fixing new alkaline metal layers (K, Rb or Cs) to form new compounds referred as bi-insertion compounds.
TL;DR: In this article, powder neutron diffraction data on superconducting (Ts∼6 K) samples of ErMo6Se8 taken in the temperature range 0.05-2.0 K show that magnetic Bragg peaks develop at TM=1.1 K, in agreement with specific heat studies.
Abstract: Development of new ternary superconductors has led to materials which also show a strong tendency toward magnetic order when one of the constituent elements is a rare earth. Powder neutron diffraction data on superconducting (Ts∼6 K) samples of ErMo6Se8 taken in the temperature range 0.05–2.0 K show that magnetic Bragg peaks develop at TM=1.1 K, in agreement with specific heat studies. However, it is not possible to index these new reflections using a simple antiferromagnetic unit cell based on the ErMo6Se8 lattice. It is also not possible to index the magnetic reflections based on a single modulation vector, or with a modulation vector along a high symmetry direction including higher order harmonics. Thus either the long range magnetic order corresponds to a more complicated magnetic structure in the ErMo6Se8 lattice, or at least some of the peaks develop in impurity phases. These results are compared with the recent neutron data on the reentrant superconductors HoMo6Se8 and ErRh4B4, in which the develop...
TL;DR: In this article, the crystal structures of most of the ternary metal borides can be derived from structural units which are combined according to topochemical principles, and a classification of ternaries can be achieved in terms of the boron-boron aggregation which turns out to be a function of the BORON: metal ratio.
Abstract: The crystal structures of most of the ternary metal borides can be derived from structural units which are combined according to topochemical principles. Thus a classification of ternary metal borides can be achieved in terms of the boron-boron aggregation which turns out to be a function of the boron: metal ratio.
TL;DR: The results, and considerations of the three-dimensional structure of the enzyme, indicate that the quenching of protein fluorescence of liver alcohol dehydrogenase by either ternary complex formation or alkaline pH is due to resonance energy transfer to tyrosinate.
TL;DR: A rotating annular chromatograph has been demonstrated to have utility in the continuous separation of solutes in a feed stream as mentioned in this paper, which has resulted in a more efficient separation and design of the inlet and the exit has been significantly changed to improve chromatographic performance.
Abstract: A rotating annular chromatograph has been demonstrated to have utility in the continuous separation of solutes in a feed stream. Recent modifications to the system have resulted in a more efficient separation. Design of the inlet and the exit has been significantly changed to improve chromatograph performance. Refinements have also been made to the method of gradient elution. The effects of changing superficial velocity and initial resin loading on the height equivalent to a theoretical plate are shown for the ternary nickel-cobalt carbonate amine system. A continuous separation of this ternary mixture utilizing pH gradient elution is presented.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors determined the conditions for successful lattice-matched growth by liquid-phase epitaxy near T = 620 ǫ C of GaXIn1−XAs on [111B] InP substrates.
Abstract: We determined the conditions for successful lattice-matched growth by liquid-phase epitaxy near T = 620‡ C of GaXIn1−XAs on [111B] InP substrates. We have used the results of the growth of both lattice-matched and intentionally lattice-mismatched epitaxial layers, (0.4 ≤ X ≤ 0.7) to calculate a phase diagram which gives the correct liquidus temperature, (TL ± 1‡ C), and the correct solid composition, (± 5 % of the nominal composition), for the entire range of growth solutions considered for this important ternary semi-conductor system. The parameters appropriate to this calculation are significantly different from those used to describe the growth of GaXIn1−XAs on GaAs. The results of this calculation play an important part in the better understanding of the quaternary alloy GaXIn1−XAsyP1−y. Our measurements show that the ternary alloy lattice-matched to InP is Ga0.47In0.53As, semiconductor with a direct band gap about 0.75 eV at room temperature. We have grown p-n junction homostructures and double-heterostructures on InP substrates. These wafers have been used to make detectors in the 1.0 – 1.7/um range of the optical spectrum.