Showing papers on "Terpene published in 1979"
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present chemical structure, physical property, and source information for 45 terpenoids known to be emitted into the atmosphere, and derive plausible reaction mechanisms for selected acyclic, monocyclic and bicyclic terpenes.
Abstract: Terpenoids (terpenes and their oxygenated derivatives) are common tropospheric species. Information concerning the terpenoids and assessing their importance in atmospheric processes is sparse and widely distributed, however. This review presents chemical structure, physical property, and source information for 45 terpenoids known to be emitted into the atmosphere. Rate constants for the reactions of the terpenoids with atmospheric scavengers are presented, and typical terpenoid lifetimes are derived. Chemical product studies are used to derive plausible reaction mechanisms for selected acyclic, monocyclic, and bicyclic terpenes. The atmospheric cycle of the terpenoids is discussed, and it is concluded that inadequate information currently precludes quantitative assessments of the relative impact of terpenoids on local, regional, and global atmospheric processes.
130 citations
TL;DR: The lung weights in each of 13 different inbred strains of mice were increased by BHT, and this increase could be prevented by cedar terpene administration, although the mechanism(s) by which the terpenes prevent BHT toxicity is/are unknown.
61 citations
29 citations
TL;DR: A cell-free system which catalyzes the biosynthesis of terpene hydrocarbons when supplemented with mevalonate, Mn(2+), and ATP was prepared from the scutellum-embryonic axis region of maize seedlings and enhanced 50- to 100-fold when the seedlings were exposed for 48 hours to the fungus Rhizopus stolonifer prior to tissue homogenization.
Abstract: A cell-free system which catalyzes the biosynthesis of terpene hydrocarbons when supplemented with mevalonate, Mn(2+), and ATP was prepared from the scutellum-embryonic axis region of maize seedlings. The capacity of this system for the production of terpene hydrocarbons was enhanced 50- to 100-fold when the seedlings were exposed for 48 hours to the fungus Rhizopus stolonifer prior to tissue homogenization. The fungi Aspergillus niger, Fusarium moniliforme, and Verticillium albo-atrum also elicited this biosynthetic enhancement. The terpene hydrocarbon products were separable into six fractions by argentation thin layer chromatography. Radioactivity was contributed to five of these fractions when either geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate or copalyl pyrophosphate was supplied as substrate, suggesting that polycyclic diterpenoid hydrocarbons were the main products. Large scale biosynthetic reactions led to the acquisition of about 1 milligram of terpene hydrocarbon products plus some more polar terpenoid products. Analysis of the hydrocarbon products by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry led to the separation of six distinct diterpene hydrocarbons plus a fraction with a molecular weight of about 550. Three of the diterpene hydrocarbons were identified as kaur-16-ene, kaur-15-ene (isokaurene), and pimara-8(14),15-diene. None of the terpene hydrocarbon fractions tested displayed antifungal activity in the Cladosporium cucumerinum thin layer plate assay.
27 citations
20 citations
01 Jan 1979
TL;DR: In this paper, the need for regulation of the pathways for biosynthesis of terpenoid compounds in higher plants was considered, and the following general facts were discussed: higher plants produce a wide array of terphenoid compounds including monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and triterpened compounds.
Abstract: Consider the following general facts in relation to the need for regulation of the pathways for biosynthesis of terpenoid compounds in higher plants. Higher plants produce a wide array of terpenoid compounds including monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, triterpenes and sterols, tetraterpenoid carotenes and xanthophylls, long-chain polyprenyls, and mixed terpenoids that contain an isoprenoid moiety as an integral part of their structures. A single plant species may produce many terpenoid substances including representatives from most or all of these groups. Some terpenoids, such as sterols, gibberellins, carotenes, and the chlorophyll pigments with their polyprenyl side-chains, presumably are produced in all higher green plants. Other terpenoids are formed much more selectively by a few species. Some terpenoids are produced in large quantities and others only in traces.
15 citations
Journal Article•
8 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a combination of gas liquid chromatography (GLC) and gas chromatograph (GC-MS) was used to characterize the terpene components of Tanacetum vulgare (tansy) and commercial tansy oil.
7 citations
7 citations
01 Jan 1979
2 citations
TL;DR: On hydrogenation over platinum oxide in methanol or in acetic acid, filipendulol added i mole of hydrogen, giving an alcohol with mp 71-72°C (subl.).
Abstract: On hydrogenation over platinum oxide in methanol or in acetic acid, filipendulol added i mole of hydrogen, giving an alcohol with mp 71-72°C (subl.). On oxidation (by the Oppenauer method) dihydrofilipendulol gave a ketone which, when heated with hydrazine hydrate and caustic soda in triethyleneglycol (Huang-Minlon reaction) [3], gave a hydrocarbon having bp 80-81°C/50 mm, ,~\" IJ61.3. a'_~i 0,8t~()6, [~]~ 23,~ ° which was identified by its IR and mass spectra as cis-pinane [4, 5].