Showing papers on "Terpene published in 1987"
TL;DR: Feeding trials suggest that the higher quantity of volatile terpenes in the leaves of nitrate-limited plants may better defend these leaves against generalist-feeding insects.
Abstract: Nitrogen-limited plants ofHeterotheca subaxillaris accumulate greater quantities of leaf volatile terpenes than do nitrogen-rich plants. A series of feeding trials were performed to determine if such nitrate-limited plants are better defended against generalist-feeding insect herbivores. Soybean looper (Pseudoplusia includens) larvae were fed leaves fromH. subaxillaris rosettes grown under high and low nitrate supply regimes. Larval consumption, growth, and survival declined as the leaf volatile terpene content increased. Larval consumption and growth were enhanced by higher plant nitrate supply and with increasing leafage. The results suggest that the higher quantity of volatile terpenes in the leaves of nitrate-limited plants may better defend these leaves against generalist-feeding insects.
50 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a modified Pseudomonasfragi modified with polyethylene glycol was shown to be soluble and active in organic solvents such as benzene and chlorinated hydrocarbons.
Abstract: Lipase fromPseudomonasfragi modified with polyethylene glycol was soluble and active in organic solvents such as benzene and chlorinated hydrocarbons. Using the modified lipase, terpene alcohol esters were synthesized with various combinations of terpene alcohols (citronellol, geraniol, farnesol and phytol) and carboxylic acids (acetic-, propionic-, n-butyric-, and valeric acids) in benzene at 25°C. The yield was generally very high.
40 citations
TL;DR: Two terpenoids, 12-methoxycarnosic acid and 3β-hydroxyoleanan-13β → 28 lactone, have been isolated from the leaves of Salvia lanigera, together with two known diterpenes and two triterbenes.
26 citations
Patent•
07 Aug 1987
TL;DR: In this paper, a process and a preparation for deactivating viruses inside living human and animal organisms by application of a terpene obtainable from aromatic plants by steam distillation was described.
Abstract: The invention relates to a process and a preparation for deactivating viruses inside living human and animal organisms by application of a terpene obtainable from aromatic plants by steam distillation. The terpenes cited are: black pepper oil, cinnamon flower oil, cardamon oil, linallyl acetate, cinnamic aldehyde, safrol, carvon and cis/trans citral.
23 citations
01 Jan 1987
TL;DR: This chapter discusses the structural chemistry and biosynthetic pathways proven or presumptive of the major classes of steroid hormones, known as terpenoids or terpenes, and the introduction and general availability of radioactively-labeled compounds.
Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the structural chemistry and biosynthetic pathways proven or presumptive of the major classes of steroid hormones. All hormones have complicated structure of fused rings that can be modified by functional group substitution at many points. Furthermore, the presence of asymmetric carbon atoms introduces steric modifications and isomeric possibilities. Over 225 naturally occurring steroids have been isolated and chemically characterized. In addition, an uncountable number of additional steroids and steroid analogs have been chemically synthesized. All steroids belong to the chemical class of substances known as terpenoids or terpenes. Other biologically important terpenoid compounds include the plant hormones gibberellic acid and abscisic acid. All terpenoids have in common the same two C 5 H 8 isoprene precursors employed for their biosynthesis, namely, isopentenyl pyrophosphate and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate. An equally important contribution to the present understanding of the biochemistry of steroids was the introduction and general availability of radioactively-labeled compounds. Radioactive steroids offer two major advantages: The presence of the radioactive label (1) provides a significant increase in sensitivity of the detection of the steroid under study and (2) allows the investigator to detect, either from in vivo whole animal experiments or in vitro experiments with perfused organs, tissue slices, cell suspensions, cell homogenates, or purified enzyme preparations, the presence of new compounds that would otherwise be unappreciated.
20 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, a stimultaneous steam distillation-extraction method for investigating it in the bellflower roots and fractionated into four groups such as a neutral, a basic, a phenolic and an acidic fraction.
Abstract: Flavor components were trapped by stimultaneous steam distillation-extraction method for investigating it in the bellflower roots and fractionated into four groups such as a neutral, a basic, a phenolic and an acidic fraction. An acidic fraction methylated with diazomethane solution and three others were analysed by GC and GC-MS equipping a fused silica capillary column, and S-containing compounds in these were detected with a flame photometric detector (FPD). The total of one hundred and three compounds from the bellflower roots were identified: they were 6 aliphatic hydrocarbons, 10 aromatic hydrocarbons, 2 terpene hydrocarbons, 12 alcohols, 8 terpene alcohols, 17 aldehydes, 3 terpene aldehydes, 5 ketones, 5 esters, 3 furans, 2 thiazoles, 2 lactones, 2 sulfides, 9 phenols, l2 carboxylic acids and 5 others. The greater part of the others except carboxylic acids were identified from a neutral fraction of which was assumed to be indispensable for the reproduction of bellflower root odor in a sensory evaluation. As a result of a sensory evaluation, 1-hexanal, trans-2-hexenal, 1-hexanol, cis-3-hexenol, trans-2-hexenol, 1-octen-3-ol and so forth identified in a neutral fraction were considered to be the key compounds of grass-like odor in the bellflower roots.
4 citations
Patent•
17 Nov 1987TL;DR: In this article, stable, viscous creamy scouring compositions are disclosed, which are substantially free of unsaturated terpenes and contain a saturated terpene solvent, and are not aggressive to cleansed surfaces and packaging materials.
Abstract: Stable, viscous creamy scouring compositions are disclosed, which are substantially free of unsaturated terpenes and contain a saturated terpene solvent. The compositions of the invention show excellent cleaning and shine performance, and are not aggressive to cleansed surfaces and packaging materials.
4 citations
TL;DR: Several 1,3-dienic terpenes of various structural types are attacked by the title dienophile from the less hindered side as mentioned in this paper, which is the case of the 1,5dienes of the structural types.
3 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a 1:4 mixture of β-curcumene monoepoxide and (E/Z)-11 diols was isolated and used for terpenes and terpene derivatives.
2 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the rate constants kET for these reactions were determined but no linear correlation between ln kET and the ionization potentials of the terpenes was found.
2 citations
01 Jan 1987
TL;DR: In this article, a review of metalloporphyrins and different oxygen donors for terpenes in the presence of homogeneous and/or heterogeneous conditions is presented.
Abstract: Terpenes are an abundant group of natural compounds which are available for being transformed into products of higher commercial value by oxidation, in the presence of an adequate oxygen atom donor and under the influence of a suitable metalloporphyrin as catalyst. The catalytic oxidation reactions, under homogeneous and/or heterogeneous conditions, of substrates like 3?carene, geraniol, nerol, a?pinene, a?terpinene, 1,8?cineole, methyl dehydroabietate, carvacrol, thymol, p?cymene or (+)?limonene, using several metalloporphyrins and different oxygen donors, are reviewed in this publication.