Topic
Terpene
About: Terpene is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2208 publications have been published within this topic receiving 51480 citations. The topic is also known as: terpenes.
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TL;DR: The results provide insights into the complex evolutionary history of volatile terpenes in angiosperms, while highlighting the need for further research into this important class of compounds.
Abstract: Plant responses to natural enemies include formation of secondary metabolites acting as direct or indirect defenses. Volatile terpenes represent one of the most diverse groups of secondary metabolites. We aimed to explore evolutionary patterns of volatile terpene emission. We measured the composition of damage-induced volatile terpenes from 202 Amazonian tree species, spanning the angiosperm phylogeny. Volatile terpenes were extracted with solid-phase micro extraction and desorbed in a gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for compound identification. The chemical diversity of the terpene blend showed a strong phylogenetic signal as closely related species emitted a similar number of compounds. Closely related species also tended to have compositionally similar blends, although this relationship was weak. Meanwhile, the ability to emit a given compound showed no significant phylogenetic signal for 200 of 286 compounds, indicating a high rate of diversification in terpene synthesis and/or great variability in their expression. Three lineages (Magnoliales, Laurales, and Sapindales) showed exceptionally high rates of terpene diversification. Of the 70 compounds found in >10% of their species, 69 displayed significant correlated evolution with at least one other compound. These results provide insights into the complex evolutionary history of volatile terpenes in angiosperms, while highlighting the need for further research into this important class of compounds.
25 citations
TL;DR: The terpene metabolite pattern of Mediterranean Spongia officinalis was chemically investigated and resulted in the isolation of a series of sesterterpenes and C21 furanoterpenes, according to the literature data, which induced biofilm formation by Escherichia coli.
Abstract: The terpene metabolite pattern of Mediterranean Spongia officinalis was chemically investigated. This study resulted in the isolation of a series of sesterterpenes and C21 furanoterpenes, according to the literature data on this sponge. Four new oxidized minor metabolites (compounds 1, 2, 3, and 4) were isolated along with six known compounds of the furospongin series (compounds 5-8, 9, and 10) and three scalarane sesterterpenes (compounds 11-13). Interestingly, tetrahydrofurospongin-2 (6) and dihydrofurospongin-2 (7), which were among the main metabolites, induced biofilm formation by Escherichia coli. All compounds isolated were also assayed for antibacterial and antifungal properties.
25 citations
25 citations
TL;DR: An e-nose comprised of six sensing channels each coated with a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) selectively interacting with alpha-pinene, thymol, estragol, linalool, and camphor was designed as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: An e-nose comprised of six sensing channels each coated with a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) selectively interacting with alpha-pinene, thymol, estragol, linalool, and camphor, respectively, was designed. When applying it for continuous online surveillance of terpenes emitted from basil and peppermint leaves as a criterion of freshness, it very appreciably reproduced the emanation patterns from these plants as shown by GC-MS. Chromatography yielded a variety of terpenes in a concentration range below 70 ppm. Trend lines obtained from the e-nose were corroborated by GC-MS and also appreciably fit the usual conduct of these plants as observable by the human nose.
25 citations
TL;DR: The chemical composition of the leaf oils of Juniperus excelsa obtained from trees growing in northern Greece and Kew gardens have been compared as mentioned in this paper, and the results show that the leaves of J. excelsa are dominated by cedrol (28.1%), α-pinene (22.5%), with moderate amounts of δ-3-carene (2.3%), myrcene (1.9%), and two unidentified constituents.
Abstract: The chemical composition of the leaf oils of Juniperus excelsa obtained from trees growing in northern Greece and Kew gardens have been compared. The leaf oil from native (Greek) J. excelsa is dominated by cedrol (28.1%), α-pinene (22.5%) and limonene (22.7%), with moderate amounts of δ-3-carene (2.3%), myrcene (1.9%) and two unidentified constituents. The oil from the cultivated juniper at Kew is also dominated by cedrol (40.0%) and α- pinene (46.2%), whereas limonene is small (1.3%). Sixty three of the 67 constituents have been identified.
25 citations