Topic
Terpene
About: Terpene is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2208 publications have been published within this topic receiving 51480 citations. The topic is also known as: terpenes.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
TL;DR: This study converted S-limonene synthase to pinene or phellandrene synthases after introducing N345A/L423A/S454A or N345I mutations, providing important insights into the catalytic mechanism of limonene synthesis and has wider implications on the evolution of terpene synthases.
22 citations
TL;DR: Several of the new compounds presented better anti-inflammatory effect and lower cytotoxicity than the parent terpenes and showed better effects in the TPA assay, with best activity for 6, 12 and 15.
Abstract: The aim of the study was to assess changes in the activity of anti-inflammatory terpenes from Chilean medicinal plants after the formation of derivatives incorporating synthetic anti-inflammatory agents. Ten new hybrid molecules were synthesized combining terpenes (ferruginol (1), imbricatolic acid (2) and oleanolic acid (3)) with ibuprofen (4) or naproxen (5). The topical anti-inflammatory activity of the compounds was assessed in mice by the arachidonic acid (AA) and 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA) induced ear edema assays. Basal cytotoxicity was determined towards human lung fibroblasts, gastric epithelial cells and hepatocytes. At 1.4 µmol/mouse, a strong anti-inflammatory effect in the TPA assay was observed for oleanoyl ibuprofenate 12 (79.9%) and oleanoyl ibuprofenate methyl ester 15 (80.0%). In the AA assay, the best activity was observed for 12 at 3.2 µmol/mouse, with 56.8% reduction of inflammation, in the same range as nimesulide (48.9%). All the terpenyl-synthetic anti-inflammatory hybrids showed better effects in the TPA assay, with best activity for 6, 12 and 15. The cytotoxicity of the compounds 8 and 10 with a free COOH, was higher than that of 2. The derivatives from 3 were less toxic than the triterpene. Several of the new compounds presented better anti-inflammatory effect and lower cytotoxicity than the parent terpenes.
22 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied variation in foliar terpenes in Eucalyptus camaldulensis and found that the concentration of terpene is highly variable among subspecies.
Abstract: Plants show a high degree of intraspecific variation in several traits including plant secondary metabolites This variation can be influenced by genetic and environmental factors that result in geographical structure in their distribution By growing plants from several populations in a controlled environment, we studied variation in foliar terpenes in Eucalyptus camaldulensis, which is the widest distributed eucalypt, with a large range both latitudinally and longitudinally We found that the concentration of terpenes is highly variable among subspecies We identified four chemotypes dominated by 1,8-cineole, γ-terpinene, α- and β-phellandrene While the 1,8-cineole chemotype is abundant in all populations, the other three chemotypes are rare in the central area and the north-east of Australia The γ-terpinene chemotype is mainly restricted to the north and west of Australia, whereas the α- and β-phellandrene chemotypes show an opposite distribution in the north and south of the continent The annual mean temperature and humidity of the source populations correlate with the abundance of the dominant terpenes We also tested the effects of elevated CO2 concentrations on the terpene concentration and found that elevated CO2 atmosphere reduces the overall accumulation of foliar terpenes The results suggest that variation in terpene composition in E camaldulensis can be influenced by environmental variables, mainly favouring the 1,8-cineole chemotype in arid locations
21 citations
01 Jan 1988
TL;DR: Biosynthesis of lower terpenoids has been studied in maritime pine using three complementary approaches: (a) biochemistry, (b) electron microscopy, and (c) cell-free systems.
Abstract: Biosynthesis of lower terpenoids has been studied in maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) using three complementary approaches: (a) biochemistry, (b) electron microscopy, and (c) cell-free systems. Monoterpene hydrocarbon synthesis is performed by the transitory activity of a specific organelle—the leucoplast. Monogenic control of terpenes is expressed differently in primary and secondary structures. In needles, sesquiterpene production is continuous. The cyclization processes take place in endomembranes, presumably in the endoplasmic reticulum. The role of C10 and C15 acyclic compounds is demonstrated by in vivo and in vitro results. The existence of six major genes, each controlling the level of one terpene, has been demonstrated and some practical applications developed. The cell regulation of terpene biosynthesis is disturbed by various aggressions which induce either stimulation of quiescent specialized cells or delocalized synthesis.
21 citations