Topic
Terpene
About: Terpene is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2208 publications have been published within this topic receiving 51480 citations. The topic is also known as: terpenes.
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TL;DR: A more detailed investigation of carrot root tissues revealed that the biosynthesis of terpenes is mainly localized in the phloem, Nevertheless, in xylem a de novo-biosynthesis ofTerpenes was detectable as well, even in the absence of oil ducts in this tissue.
150 citations
TL;DR: Chemical isolation of the terpene fraction resulted in the detection of ganoderic acids A, B, C and D, lucidenic acid B and ganodermanontriol as major ingredients.
Abstract: Ganoderma lucidum was studied for its antioxidative activity by bioassay guided isolation in conjunction with in vitro tests. The powdered crude drug was treated with boiling water and the aqueous extract (Ex1) was further separated to obtain terpene and polysaccharide fractions. The two fractions and Ex1 were screened for their antioxidative effect against pyrogallol induced erythrocyte membrane oxidation and Fe (II)-ascorbic acid induced lipid peroxidation. All tested samples showed antioxidative activities in a dose dependent manner and the terpene fraction was found to possess the highest effect compared with the others. Chemical isolation of the terpene fraction resulted in the detection of ganoderic acids A, B, C and D, lucidenic acid B and ganodermanontriol as major ingredients.
145 citations
TL;DR: Ethylene contributes to the herbivory-induced terpenoid biosynthesis at least twice: by modulating both early signaling events such as cytoplasmic Ca2+-influx and the downstream JA-dependent biosynthesis of terpenoids.
Abstract: Plant volatiles emitted by Medicago truncatula in response to feeding larvae of Spodoptera exigua are composed of a complex blend of terpenoids. The cDNAs of three terpene synthases (TPSs), which contribute to the blend of terpenoids, were cloned from M. truncatula. Their functional characterization proved MtTPS1 to be a beta-caryophyllene synthase and MtTPS5 to be a multi-product sesquiterpene synthase. MtTPS3 encodes a bifunctional enzyme producing (E)-nerolidol and geranyllinalool (precursors of C11 and C16 homoterpenes) from different prenyl diphosphates serving as substrates. The addition of jasmonic acid (JA) induced expression of the TPS genes, but terpenoid emission was higher from plants treated with JA and the ethylene precursor 1-amino-cyclopropyl-1-carboxylic acid. Compared to infested wild-type M. truncatula plants, lower amounts of various sesquiterpenes and a C11-homoterpene were released from an ethylene-insensitive mutant skl. This difference coincided with lower transcript levels of MtTPS5 and of 1-deoxy-D: -xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (MtDXS2) in the damaged skl leaves. Moreover, ethephon, an ethylene-releasing compound, modified the extent and mode of the herbivore-stimulated Ca2+ variations in the cytoplasm that is necessary for both JA and terpene biosynthesis. Thus, ethylene contributes to the herbivory-induced terpenoid biosynthesis at least twice: by modulating both early signaling events such as cytoplasmic Ca2+-influx and the downstream JA-dependent biosynthesis of terpenoids.
145 citations
TL;DR: Combinations of some terpenes or S-farnesylthiosalicylic acid tested in this work with other antimalarial drugs, like fosmidomycin, could be a new strategy for the treatment of malaria.
Abstract: Development of new drugs is one of the strategies for malaria control The biosynthesis of several isoprenoids in Plasmodium falciparum was recently described Interestingly, some intermediates and final products biosynthesized by this pathway in mammals differ from those biosynthesized in P falciparum These facts prompted us to evaluate various terpenes, molecules with a similar chemical structure to the intermediates of the isoprenoids pathway, as potential antimalarial drugs Different terpenes and S -farnesylthiosalicylic acid were tested on cultures of the intraerythrocytic stages of P falciparum , and the 50% inhibitory concentrations for each one were found: farnesol, 64 μM; nerolidol, 760 nM; limonene, 122 mM; linalool, 028 mM; and S -farnesylthiosalicylic acid, 14 μM All the terpenes tested inhibited dolichol biosynthesis in the trophozoite and schizont stages when [1-( n )- 3 H]farnesyl pyrophosphate triammonium salt ([ 3 H]FPP) was used as precursor Farnesol, nerolidol, and linalool showed stronger inhibitory activity on the biosynthesis of the isoprenic side chain of the benzoquinone ring of ubiquinones in the schizont stage Treatment of schizont stages with S -farnesylthiosalicylic acid led to a decrease in intensity of the band corresponding a p21 ras protein The inhibitory effect of terpenes and S -farnesylthiosalicylic acid on the biosynthesis of both dolichol and the isoprenic side chain of ubiquinones and the isoprenylation of proteins in the intraerythrocytic stages of P falciparum appears to be specific, because overall protein biosynthesis was not affected Combinations of some terpenes or S -farnesylthiosalicylic acid tested in this work with other antimalarial drugs, like fosmidomycin, could be a new strategy for the treatment of malaria
144 citations
144 citations