Topic
Terpene
About: Terpene is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2208 publications have been published within this topic receiving 51480 citations. The topic is also known as: terpenes.
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TL;DR: An in-depth chemical profiling of cannabinoids, terpenes and oxidation products was conducted by means of GC-MS and HPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap-MS in order to improve knowledge regarding the characteristics of CBD oils.
Abstract: Cannabidiol (CBD)-based oil preparations are becoming extremely popular, as CBD has been shown to have beneficial effects on human health. CBD-based oil preparations are not unambiguously regulated under the European legislation, as CBD is not considered as a controlled substance. This means that companies can produce and distribute CBD products derived from non-psychoactive hemp varieties, providing an easy access to this extremely advantageous cannabinoid. This leaves consumers with no legal quality guarantees. The objective of this project was to assess the quality of 14 CBD oils commercially available in European countries. An in-depth chemical profiling of cannabinoids, terpenes and oxidation products was conducted by means of GC-MS and HPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap-MS in order to improve knowledge regarding the characteristics of CBD oils. Nine out of the 14 samples studied had concentrations that differed notably from the declared amount, while the remaining five preserved CBD within optimal limits. Our results highlighted a wide variability in cannabinoids profile that justifies the need for strict and standardized regulations. In addition, the terpenes fingerprint may serve as an indicator of the quality of hemp varieties, while the lipid oxidation products profile could contribute in evaluation of the stability of the oil used as milieu for CBD rich extracts.
136 citations
TL;DR: The terpene phenols thymol and carvacrol represent the most important compounds in the genus Thymus, followed by linalool, p-cymene, γ-terpinene, borneol, terpinen-4-ol and 1, 8-cineole.
Abstract: From 1960 to 1989 more than 80 Thymus taxa from 27 different countries all over the world have been investigated for the composition of their essential oils. About 200 different compounds, mostly terpenes, have been identified. The terpene phenols thymol and carvacrol represent the most important compounds in the genus, followed by linalool, p-cymene, γ-terpinene, borneol, terpinen-4-ol and 1, 8-cineole. This paper lists the main components of the essential oils of all the taxa investigated from 1960 to 1989. In addition, seasonal variations of Thymus oils and essential oil polymorphism within the genus Thymus are also reported.
136 citations
TL;DR: Results of toxicity tests with several congeners of R -(+)-pulegone strongly implicated the α-isopropylidene ketone group as the structural unit required for eliciting hepatotoxicity, although the configurational orientation of the methyl group can modulate the hepatotoxic response.
133 citations
TL;DR: The antibiofilm potential of terpenoids, which need to be further explored as therapeutic strategy against biofilm associated infections of C. albicans, is demonstrated.
Abstract: Biofilm-related infections caused by Candida albicans and associated drug resistant micro-organisms are serious problems for immunocompromised populations Molecules which can prevent or remove biofilms are needed Twenty-eight terpenoids of plant origin were analysed for their activity against growth, virulence attributes, and biofilms of C albicans Eighteen molecules exhibited minimum inhibitory concentrations of <2 mg ml(-1) for planktonic growth Selected molecules inhibited yeast to hyphal dimorphism at low concentrations (0031-05 mg ml(-1)), while adhesion to a solid surface was prevented at 05-2 mg ml(-1) Treatment with 14 terpenoids resulted in significant (p < 005) inhibition of biofilm formation, and of these, linalool, nerol, isopulegol, menthol, carvone, α-thujone, and farnesol exhibited biofilm-specific activity Eight terpenoids were identified as inhibitors of mature biofilms This study demonstrated the antibiofilm potential of terpenoids, which need to be further explored as therapeutic strategy against biofilm associated infections of C albicans
132 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that autoxidation of linalool is essential for its sensitizing potential and in sensitization studies in guinea pigs, linalOOL of high purity gave no reactions, while linalools that had been oxidized for 10 weeks sensitized the animals.
Abstract: Fragrances are among the most common causes of allergic contact dermatitis. The two monoterpenes linalool and d-limonene are the most frequently incorporated fragrance chemicals in scented products. Previous studies on d-limonene show that this monoterpene oxidizes on air exposure (autoxidation) and that allergenic oxidation products are formed. Due to structural similarities, linalool might also form allergenic oxidation products on air exposure. The aim of the present study was to study the autoxidation of linalool and to investigate the sensitizing potential of linalool before and after air exposure. Linalool was oxidized for 10 weeks and gas chromatographic analyses showed that the content of linalool decreased to about 80%. The chromatograms revealed the formation of other compounds during oxidation. One of the major oxidation products was isolated and identified as 7-hydroperoxy-3,7-dimethyl-octa-1,5-diene-3-ol. This substance is, to the best of our knowledge, described for the first time. In sensitization studies in guinea pigs, linalool of high purity gave no reactions, while linalool that had been oxidized for 10 weeks sensitized the animals. It is concluded that autoxidation of linalool is essential for its sensitizing potential.
131 citations