Topic
Terpene
About: Terpene is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2208 publications have been published within this topic receiving 51480 citations. The topic is also known as: terpenes.
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12 citations
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12 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a study of the foliage oils of 24 specimens of Halocarpus bidwillii revealed considerable infraspecific variation, including two monoterpene hydrocarbons (α-pinene and myrcene).
12 citations
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TL;DR: Novel cyclic C35 terpenes, (14E)‐ and (14Z)‐dehydroheptaprenylcycline, were identified as minor metabolites in nonpathogenic Mycobacterium cells and could be biosynthesized by two routes, in which E and Z geometric isomers of heptAPrenyl diphosphate are produced from E,E‐FPP and E, e,E, E‐GGPP.
Abstract: Nonpathogenic Mycobacterium species produce rare cyclic C(35) terpenes that are biosynthesized by cyclization of Z-type C(35) polyprenyl diphosphate. To provide deeper insight into the biosynthesis of C(35) terpenes, we carried out functional analyses of three Z-prenyltransferase homologues in M. vanbaalenii identified by genomic analysis. Mvan_3822, a novel bifunctional Z-prenyltransferase, biosynthesizes C(35)-heptaprenyl diphosphate as a main product from (E,E)-farnesyl diphosphate (E,E-FPP) and (E,E,E)-geranylgeranyl diphosphate (E,E,E-GGPP), but produces a C(50)-decaprenyl diphosphate from geranyl diphosphate. Mvan_1705 is a novel Z,E,E-GGPP synthase. In addition, novel cyclic C(35) terpenes, (14E)- and (14Z)-dehydroheptaprenylcycline, were identified as minor metabolites in nonpathogenic Mycobacterium cells. C(35) terpenes could be biosynthesized by two routes, in which E and Z geometric isomers of heptaprenyl diphosphate are produced from E,E-FPP and E,E,E-GGPP, and the prenylreductase responsible for the biosynthesis of C(35) terpenes could reduce both E and Z prenyl residues.
12 citations
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TL;DR: The formation of volatile compounds from precursors or through chemical rearrangement during heat treatment of bacuri pulp at fruit natural pH were studied using simultaneous distillation/extraction (SDE) technique.
Abstract: The formation of volatile compounds from precursors or through chemical rearrangement during heat treatment of bacuri pulp at fruit natural pH were studied using simultaneous distillation/extraction (SDE) technique. An increase of the quantities of oxygenated and hydrocarbon terpenes and, to a lesser degree, aldehydes, was observed after SDE at pH 3, relative to the other extraction methods used, SDE at neutral pH and solid phase extraction (SPE). More particularly, linalool, linalool furanoxides, alpha-terpineol, hotrienol, nerol oxide, nerol, and geraniol were isolated in more important quantities after the first treatment than after the others. These results can be partially explained by the hydrolysis of glycosidically bound compounds previously identified in bacuri. Other pathways such as polyol rearrangements were also involved. The formation of linalool and alpha-terpineol was probably the result of the rearrangement of 2,6-dimethyloct-1-ene-3,7-diol. Moreover, it was assumed that oxidation reactions occurred during SDE at pH 3; more particularly, linalool pyranoxides partially resulted from nonenzymatic oxidation of linalool. When SDE was performed at pH 3, an increase of furfural and 4-methoxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone was noticed. The modifications of the concentration of aliphatic aldehydes, known as lipid oxidation compounds, and of fatty acid esters were in good agreement with the observed decrease of palmitic and linoleic acid concentrations during this treatment. Moreover, important amounts of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline were found in the SDE extract recovered at pH 7.
12 citations