Topic
Terpene
About: Terpene is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2208 publications have been published within this topic receiving 51480 citations. The topic is also known as: terpenes.
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TL;DR: In this article, the biotransformation of monoterpene hydrocarbons gave some insect pheromones in high yield, and the major metabolites were as follows: (-)-trans-verbenol from (+)-, (-)-, and (+-)-alpha-pinenes.
76 citations
TL;DR: TPS gene expression and volatile terpenoid production in field experiments, using bags transmitting high UV-B radiation, showed similar effects on peach volatiles to those from laboratory experiments, indicating that flavour components of peach fruits can be modulated by selecting an appropriate source of environmental screening material.
Abstract: Plants generate protective molecules in response to ultraviolet (UV) light. In laboratory experiments, 48 h UV-B irradiation of peach fruits and leaves reduced the flavour-related monoterpene linalool by 60%. No isoprene was detected, but other terpenoids increased significantly, including a threefold accumulation of the sesquiterpene (E,E)-α-farnesene, which was also increased by jasmonic acid treatment. RNA sequencing revealed altered transcript levels for two terpene synthases (TPSs): PpTPS1, a TPS-g subfamily member, decreased by 86% and PpTPS2, a TPS-b subfamily member, increased 80-fold. Heterologous expression in Escherichia coli and transient overexpression in tobacco and peach fruits showed PpTPS1 was localized in plastids and associated with production of linalool, while PpTPS2 was responsible for (E,E)-α-farnesene biosynthesis in the cytoplasm. Candidate regulatory genes for these responses were identified. Commercial peach production in Asia involves fruit bagging to maintain marketable yield and quality. TPS gene expression and volatile terpenoid production in field experiments, using bags transmitting high UV-B radiation, showed similar effects on peach volatiles to those from laboratory experiments. Bags transmitting less UV-B light ameliorated the reduction in the flavour volatile linalool, indicating that flavour components of peach fruits can be modulated by selecting an appropriate source of environmental screening material.
76 citations
TL;DR: A novel C(35) terpene and its monounsaturated analogue were isolated from cultures of Acetobacter xylinum, together with traces of their C(36) homologues, found to be hopane derivatives substituted by a five-carbon chain bearing four vicinal hydroxyl groups.
Abstract: A novel C35 terpene and its monounsaturated analogue were isolated from cultures of Acetobacter xylinum, together with traces of their C36 homologues. These substances were found to be hopane derivatives substituted by a five-carbon chain bearing four vicinal hydroxyl groups. For the parent hydrocarbon the term bacteriohopane is proposed. The elucidation of the structures utilized high-resolution mass spectrometry of the terpenes, degradation to C32 hydrocarbons and detailed mass-spectrometric comparison of these with C32 hydrocarbons synthesized from known pentacyclic triterpenes. High-resolution mass-spectral data of the terpenes are presented. N.m.r. data are in agreement with the proposed structures, which are further supported by the isolation from the same organism of 22-hydroxyhopane and derivative hopene(s).
76 citations
TL;DR: The ability of a variety of mono- and bicyclic monoterpenes to inhibit hepatic HMGCoA reductase measured 17 hr after in vivo administration to rats was determined, indicating that the effect was specific rather than due to generalized hepatoxicity.
76 citations
TL;DR: In a coniferous forest area northeast of Oslo, Norway, air samples were collected by adsorption on activated carbon and analyzed by gas chromatography with a high resolution glass capillary column and flame ionization detection as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: In a coniferous forest area northeast of Oslo, Norway, air samples were collected by adsorption on activated carbon and analyzed by gas chromatography with a high resolution glass capillary column and flame ionization detection. During June and August 1980, seven terpenes were identified with a total concentration range of 8.8–70.7 ppbC (parts per billion, as carbon). α-Pinene, terpinene, and p-cymene occurred in the highest concentrations. A one-dimensional vertical grid model of the atmospheric boundary layer with a detailed mechanism for inorganic and organic gas phase chemical turnover was applied to assess the vertical variability of the terpene concentrations as a function of the ozone concentration, the source strength of the terpenes, the time of the day, the upwind air composition, etc. The calculations showed that very little of the terpene emissions remained airborne after 4–8 hours, in contrast to the anthropogenic hydrocarbons. It was found that the anthropogenic fraction of the hydrocarbons may dominate in concentration, even though the natural part of the source is the larger one. Emission of 2000 μg(m2 h)−1 of terpenes was calculated to give ground level concentrations of total terpenes of up to about 25 ppbC, comparable to or less than the measured concentrations. Terpene emission at this rate was shown to suppress the hydroxyl concentration compared to a model case with zero terpene emissions, while the impact on ozone during daytime was negligible.
75 citations