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Terpene

About: Terpene is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2208 publications have been published within this topic receiving 51480 citations. The topic is also known as: terpenes.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Biotransformations allow the production of regio- and stereoselective compounds under mild conditions and have produced encouraging results, as discussed in this review.

214 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, 17 kinds of monoterpenoids (hydrocarbons, alcohols, and ketones) with p-menthane skeletons were studied for inhibition of AChE.
Abstract: Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity by 17 kinds of monoterpenoids (hydrocarbons, alcohols, and ketones) with p-menthane skeletons was studied. Inhibition of AChE was measured by the colorimetric method. The terpene ketones showed stronger inhibition than the terpene alcohols. The terpene hydrocarbon compounds showed identical inhibitory activity with the terpene alcohols, but α-terpinene and (+)-p-menth-1-ene were equally strong inhibitors as the terpene ketones. Monoterpenoids used in this study were found to be competitive inhibitors. Keywords: Acetylcholinesterase; monoterpenoids; p-menthane skeleton; inhibition of enzyme activity; competitive inhibitor

205 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The antimicrobial activity of 20 10% solutions in ethanol of terpenes and terpenoids at several concentrations was tested against Erwinia amylovora NCPPB 595 in the liquid medium 523 and β-terpinene was more effective when challenged with larger numbers of cells.
Abstract: The antimicrobial activity of 20 10% (v/v) solutions in ethanol of terpenes and terpenoids at several concentrations was tested against Erwinia amylovora NCPPB 595 in the liquid medium 523. The test organism responded differently to the chemicals. At 600, 900 and 1200 mg/l, none of the compounds reduced the growth of the bacterium. At 1500 mg/l, only some of the chemicals significantly inhibited growth x-Pinene. β-terpinene, dihydrocarveol, isopulegol and linalool reduced growth of suspensions of 1 × 103 cfu/ml, whereas β-pinene was more effective when challenged with larger numbers of cells (i.e. 1 × 105 cfu/ml and 1 × 107 cfu/ml). At 1500 mg/l, geraniol and citronellol exerted a bactericidal activity regardless of the concentrations of the test organism.

204 citations

DOI
28 Feb 2008
TL;DR: Considering the advances in plant terpene knowledge and potential uses, it is conceivable that they may soon be used in agrobiotechnology.
Abstract: The importance of terpenes in both nature and human application is difficult to overstate. Basic knowledge of terpene and isoprene biosynthesis and chemistry has accelerated the pace at which scientists have come to understand many plant biochemical and metabolic processes. The abundance and diversity of terpene compounds in nature can have ecosystem-wide influences. Although terpenes have permeated human civilization since the Egyptians, terpene synthesis pathways are only now being understood in great detail. The use of bioinformatics and molecular databases has largely contributed to analyzing exactly how and when terpenes are synthesized. Additionally, terpene synthesis is beginning to be understood in respect to the various stages of plant development. Much of this knowledge has been contributed by the plant model, Arabidopsis thaliana. Considering the advances in plant terpene knowledge and potential uses, it is conceivable that they may soon be used in agrobiotechnology. Key words: Terpenes, terpene synthase, secondary metabolites, transgenic plants

204 citations

Book
22 Sep 2006
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a survey of terpenes and their relationships to the Isoprene Rule, including the following: 1.1 Term and Significance, General Structure, and Biosynthesis. 2.2 Hemi- and Monoterpenes.
Abstract: Preface. 1 Terpenes: Importance, General Structure, and Biosynthesis. 1.1 Term and Significance. 1.2 General Structure: The Isoprene Rule. 1.3 Biosynthesis. 2 Hemi- and Monoterpenes. 2.1 Hemiterpenes. 2.2 Acyclic Monoterpenes. 2.3 Monocyclic Monoterpenes. 2.3.1 Cyclopropane and Cyclobutane Monoterpenes. 2.3.2 Cyclopentane Monoterpenes. 2.3.3 Cyclohexane Monoterpenes. 2.3.4 Cymenes. 2.4 Bicyclic Monoterpenes. 2.4.1 Survey. 2.4.2 Caranes and Thujanes. 2.4.3 Pinanes. 2.4.4 Camphanes and Fenchanes. 2.5 Cannabinoids. 3 Sesquiterpenes. 3.1 Farnesanes. 3.2 Monocyclic Farnesane Sesquiterpenes. 3.2.1 Cyclofarnesanes and Bisabolanes. 3.2.2 Germacranes and Elemanes. 3.2.3 Humulanes. 3.3 Polycyclic Farnesane Sesquiterpenes. 3.3.1 Caryophyllanes. 3.3.2 Eudesmanes and Furanoeudesmanes. 3.3.3 Eremophilanes, Furanoeremonphilanes, Valeranes. 3.3.4 Cadinanes. 3.3.5 Drimanes. 3.3.6 Guaianes and Cycloguaianes. 3.3.7 Himachalanes, Longipinanes, Longifolanes. 3.3.8 Picrotoxanes. 3.3.9 Isodaucanes and Daucanes. 3.3.10 Protoilludanes, Illudanes, Illudalanes. 3.3.11 Marasmanes, Isolactaranes, Lactaranes, Sterpuranes. 3.3.12 Acoranes. 3.3.13 Chamigranes. 3.3.14 Cedranes and Isocedranes. 3.3.15 Zizaanes and Prezizaanes. 3.3.16 Campherenanes and Santalanes. 3.3.17 Thujopsanes. 3.3.18 Hirsutanes. 3.4 Other Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes. 3.4.1 Pinguisanes. 3.4.2 Presilphiperfolianes, Silphiperfolianes, Silphinanes, Isocomanes. 4 Diterpenes. 4.1 Phytanes. 4.2 Cyclophytanes. 4.3 Bicyclophytanes. 4.3.1 Labdanes. 4.3.2 Rearranged Labdanes. 4.4 Tricyclophytanes. 4.4.1 Pimaranes and Isopimaranes. 4.4.2 Cassanes, Cleistanthanes, Isocopalanes. 4.4.3 Abietanes and Totaranes. 4.5 Tetracyclophytanes. 4.5.1 Survey. 4.5.2 Beyeranes. 4.5.3 Kauranes and Villanovanes. 4.5.4 Atisanes. 4.5.5 Gibberellanes. 4.5.6 Grayanatoxanes. 4.6 Cembranes and Cyclocembranes. 4.6.1 Survey. 4.6.2 Cembranes. 4.6.3 Casbanes. 4.6.4 Lathyranes. 4.6.5 Jatrophanes. 4.6.6 Tiglianes. 4.6.7 Rhamnofolanes and Daphnanes. 4.6.8 Eunicellanes and Asbestinanes. 4.6.9 Biaranes. 4.6.10 Dolabellanes. 4.6.11 Dolastanes. 4.6.12 Fusicoccanes. 4.6.13 Verticillanes and Taxanes. 4.6.14 Trinervitanes and Kempanes. 4.7 Prenylsesquiterpenes. 4.7.1 Xenicanes and Xeniaphyllanes. 4.7.2 Prenylgermacranes and Lobanes. 4.7.3 Prenyleudesmanes and Bifloranes. 4.7.4 Sacculatanes (Prenyldrimanes). 4.7.5 Prenylguaianes and Prenylaromadendranes. 4.7.6 Sphenolobanes (Prenyldaucanes). 4.8 Ginkgolides. 5 Sesterterpenes. 5.1 Acyclic Sesterterpenes. 5.2 Monocyclic Sesterterpenes. 5.3 Polycyclic Sesterterpenes. 5.3.1 Bicyclic Sesterterpenes. 5.3.2 Tricyclic Sesterterpenes. 5.3.3 Tetra- and Pentacyclic Sesterterpenes. 6 Triterpenes. 6.1 Linear Triterpenes. 6.2 Tetracyclic Triterpenes, Gonane Type. 6.2.1 Survey. 6.2.2 Protostanes and Fusidanes. 6.2.3 Dammaranes. 6.2.4 Apotirucallanes. 6.2.5 Tirucallanes and Euphanes. 6.2.6 Lanostanes. 6.2.7 Cycloartanes. 6.2.8 Cucurbitanes. 6.3 Pentacyclic Triterpenes, Baccharane Type. 6.3.1 Survey. 6.3.2 Baccharanes and Lupanes. 6.3.3 Oleananes. 6.3.4 Taraxeranes, Multifloranes, Baueranes. 6.3.5 Glutinanes, Friedelanes, Pachysananes. 6.3.6 Taraxastanes and Ursanes. 6.4 Pentacyclic Triterpenes, Hopane Type. 6.4.1 Survey. 6.4.2 Hopanes and Neohopanes. 6.4.3 Fernanes. 6.4.4 Adiananes and Filicanes. 6.4.5 Gammaceranes. 6.5 Other Pentacyclic Triterpenes. 6.5.1 Survey. 6.5.2 Stictanes and Arboranes. 6.5.3 Onoceranes and Serratanes. 6.6 Iridals. 7 Tetraterpenes. 7.1 Carotenoids. 7.2 Apocarotenoids. 7.3 Diapocarotenoids. 7.4 Megastigmanes. 8 Polyterpenes and Prenylquinones. 8.1 Polyterpenes. 8.2 Prenylquinones. 9 Selected Syntheses of Terpenes. 9.1 Monoterpenes. 9.1.1 Concept of Industrial Syntheses of Monoterpenoid Fragrances. 9.1.2 (R)-(+)-Citronellal. 9.1.3 Rose oxide. 9.1.4 Chrysanthemic Acid Methyl Ester. 9.1.5 alpha-Terpineol. 9.1.6 (1R,3R,4S)-(.)-Menthol. 9.1.7 Camphor from alpha-Pinene. 9.1.8 alpha-Pinene and Derivatives for Stereospecific Syntheses of Chiral Monoterpenes. 9.1.9 Hexahydrocannabinol. 9.2 Sesquiterpenes. 9.2.1 beta-Selinene. 9.2.2 Isocomene. 9.2.3 Cedrene. 9.2.4 Periplanone B. 9.3 Diterpenes. 9.3.1 Vitamin A (Retinol Acetate). 9.3.2 Cafestol. 9.3.3 Baccatin III as the Precursor of Taxol. 9.4 Triterpenes. 9.4.1 Lupeol. 10 Isolation and Structure Elucidation. 10.1 Isolation from Plants. 10.2 Spectroscopic Methods of Structure Elucidation. 10.3 Structure Elucidation of a Sesquiterpene. 10.3.1 Double Bond Equivalents. 10.3.2 Functional Groups and Partial Structures detected by 13C NMR. 10.3.3 Skeletal Structure (Connectivities of Atoms). 10.3.4 Relative Configuration. 10.3.5 Absolute Configuration. 10.4 Determination of the Crystal Structure. 10.5 Molecular Structure and Odor of Terpenes. Bibliography. Survey of Important Parent Skeletons of Terpenes. Subject Index.

200 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023400
2022834
202190
202093
201970
201895