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Tetanic stimulation

About: Tetanic stimulation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1408 publications have been published within this topic receiving 82503 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The after‐effects of repetitive stimulation of the perforant path fibres to the dentate area of the hippocampal formation have been examined with extracellular micro‐electrodes in rabbits anaesthetized with urethane.
Abstract: 1. The after-effects of repetitive stimulation of the perforant path fibres to the dentate area of the hippocampal formation have been examined with extracellular micro-electrodes in rabbits anaesthetized with urethane.2. In fifteen out of eighteen rabbits the population response recorded from granule cells in the dentate area to single perforant path volleys was potentiated for periods ranging from 30 min to 10 hr after one or more conditioning trains at 10-20/sec for 10-15 sec, or 100/sec for 3-4 sec.3. The population response was analysed in terms of three parameters: the amplitude of the population excitatory post-synaptic potential (e.p.s.p.), signalling the depolarization of the granule cells, and the amplitude and latency of the population spike, signalling the discharge of the granule cells.4. All three parameters were potentiated in 29% of the experiments; in other experiments in which long term changes occurred, potentiation was confined to one or two of the three parameters. A reduction in the latency of the population spike was the commonest sign of potentiation, occurring in 57% of all experiments. The amplitude of the population e.p.s.p. was increased in 43%, and of the population spike in 40%, of all experiments.5. During conditioning at 10-20/sec there was massive potentiation of the population spike (;frequency potentiation'). The spike was suppressed during stimulation at 100/sec. Both frequencies produced long-term potentiation.6. The results suggest that two independent mechanisms are responsible for long-lasting potentiation: (a) an increase in the efficiency of synaptic transmission at the perforant path synapses; (b) an increase in the excitability of the granule cell population.

7,008 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
06 Feb 1997-Nature
TL;DR: It is shown that weak tetanic stimulation, which ordinarily leads only to early LTP, or repeated tetanization in the presence of protein-Synthesis inhibitors, each results in protein-synthesis-dependent late LTP; this indicates that the persistence of LTP depends not only on local events during its induction, but also on the prior activity of the neuron.
Abstract: Repeated stimulation of hippocampal neurons can induce an immediate and prolonged increase in synaptic strength that is called long-term potentiation (LTP)—the primary cellular model of memory in the mammalian brain1. An early phase of LTP (lasting less than three hours) can be dissociated from late-phase LTP by using inhibitors of transcription and translation2–8. Because protein synthesis occurs mainly in the cell body9–12, whereas LTP is input-specific, the question arises of how the synapse specificity of late LTP is achieved without elaborate intracellular protein trafficking. We propose that LTP initiates the creation of a short-lasting protein-synthesis-independent 'synaptic tag' at the potentiated synapse which sequesters the relevant protein(s) to establish late LTP. In support of this idea, we now show that weak tetanic stimulation, which ordinarily leads only to early LTP, or repeated tetanization in the presence of protein-synthesis inhibitors, each results in protein-synthesis-dependent late LTP, provided repeated tetanization has already been applied at another input to the same population of neurons. The synaptic tag decays in less than three hours. These findings indicate that the persistence of LTP depends not only on local events during its induction, but also on the prior activity of the neuron.

1,577 citations

Book ChapterDOI
TL;DR: A hypothesis will be examined that long-term potentiation in hippocampus and neocortex may subserve information storage in the central nervous system.
Abstract: Long-term potentiation (LTP) is an enduring change in synaptic efficacy at monosynaptic junctions in the mammalian brain. LTP was first observed in the hippocampus, in area CAI and the dentate gyrus. The link between LTP and hippocampus is well established and suggests a role for LTP in learning and memory, as is widely hypothesized for the hippocampus. LTP is considered a potential candidate for the neural basis of long-term information storage (memory) in the brain. The establishment of LTP requires tetanic stimulation of afferent fibers and typically involves a doubling of the postsynaptic population response. LTP is best represented in the limbic forebrain, particularly hippocampus, where it has been shown to endure for periods ranging from days to weeks.

1,116 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
20 Jun 1996-Nature
TL;DR: The results suggest that BDNF may regulate LTP in developing and adult hippocampus by enhancing synaptic responses to tetanic stimulation, and a TrkB–IgG fusion protein, which scavenges endogenous BDNF11, reduced the synaptic responses in adult hippocampus as well as the magnitude of LTP.
Abstract: NEUROTROPHINS promote neuronal survival and differentiation, but the fact that their expression is modified by neuronal activity, suggests a role in regulating synapse development and plasticity1–3. In developing hippocampus, the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor TrkB4–7 increases in parallel with the ability to undergo long-term potentiation (LTP)8–10. Here we report a mechanism by which BDNF modulates hippocampal LTP. Exogenous BDNF promoted the induction of LTP by tetanic stimulation in young (postnatal day 12–13) hippocampal slices, which in the absence of BDNF show only short-term potentiation (STP). This effect was due to an enhanced ability of hippocampal synapses to respond to tetanic stimulation, rather than to a direct modulation of the LTP-triggering mechanism. A TrkB–IgG fusion protein, which scavenges endogenous BDNF11, reduced the synaptic responses to tetanus as well as the magnitude of LTP in adult hippocampus. Our results suggest that BDNF may regulate LTP in developing and adult hippocampus by enhancing synaptic responses to tetanic stimulation.

1,111 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The available evidence suggests that L TP does occur in conjunction with behavioral learning-although whether it is necessary and sufficient is far from certain.
Abstract: History and Definition In 1973, two reports appeared in the Journal of Physiology that described a long-term potentiation (L TP) of synaptic transmission at a monosynaptic junction in the mammalian eNS. These two papers, one dealing with the anesthetized rabbit preparation (Bliss & L0mo 1973) and the other dealing with the unanesthetized rabbit (Bliss & Gardner-Medwin 1973), were of considerable interest because they marked the first demonstration of a neurophysiological alteration in the mammalian brain possessing a con­ siderable time-course. Prior to these observations, neurophysiological phenomena were known to be of relatively modest temporal extent. The experiments of Bliss and colleagues showed that in the perforant path to dentate gyrus synapse, substantial increases in synaptic efficacy were observed following tetanic stimulation of afferent fibers. Synaptic efficacy refers to the postsynapti c response to a constant afferent volley. The changes (on the order of a 50% increase in the amplitude of the response) lasted for at least ten hours in the anesthetized preparation and up to 16 weeks in the unanesthetized preparation following a series of tetanic stimuli . These results attracted great interest because of the possi­ bility that the phenomenon might underlie some aspects of memory storage. A critical question-not yet completely answered-was stated by Bliss & Lemo : "Whether or not the intact animal makes use in real life of a property which has been revealed by synchronous, repetitive volleys to a population of fibers the normal and pattern of activity along which are unknown, is another matter" (Bliss & L0mo 1973, p. 355). As we shall see, the available evidence suggests that L TP does occur in conjunction with behavioral learning-although whether it is necessary and sufficient is far from certain.

1,081 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20236
20229
202110
20207
20196
20187