Topic
Theobromine
About: Theobromine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1137 publications have been published within this topic receiving 29723 citations. The topic is also known as: 3,7-Dimethylxanthine & Theobromin.
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TL;DR: The hypothesis is put forward that in the smaller animal the natural tooth-cleansing is less effective because the jaws, the tongue and the lips are smaller, the muscles are weaker and the salivary glands produce less saliva.
24 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the thermal behavior of these complexes has been studied by TG, DTG and DSC techniques, and the heat of dehalogenation has been calculated from the DSC curves.
24 citations
TL;DR: A comparison between the chromatograms from CO2 extraction and traditional solvent extraction supports the selectivity of carbon dioxide for these purine alkaloids in the selective extraction of caffeine and theobromine from dry leaves of mate.
Abstract: In this investigation, liquid carbon dioxide at 20 degrees C and 150 bar was used for the selective extraction of caffeine and theobromine from dry leaves of mate. A comparison between the chromatograms from CO2 extraction and traditional solvent extraction supports the selectivity of carbon dioxide for these purine alkaloids. The advantages of selective liquid CO2 extraction in terms of speed and resolution of UV/HPLC is also evidenced. A randomized block design of experiments was proposed to investigate the influence of 16 progenies of Ilex paraguariensis grown in 3 diverse sites on the contents of caffeine and theobromine in liquors of mate leaves obtained by extraction with compressed CO2. A significant effect of both these factors on the parameters investigated was observed by involving the F distribution in the statistical analysis. A cluster analysis based on the experimental uncertainties in the contents of these two methylxanthines has identified from four to six different groups of mate progenies.
23 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: It is proposed that the secondary biotransformation of 7MX to 7MU is mediated by xanthine oxidase, and the metabolic clearance to (7MX + 7MU) was not significantly different with and without allopurinol.
23 citations
TL;DR: A methodology that exploits the power of isotopic quantitative (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry combined with chemical modification of the xanthines to enable the determination of positional intramolecular ( 13)C/(12)C ratios (δ(13)ci) with high precision is developed.
Abstract: The natural xanthines caffeine, theobromine, and theophylline are of major commercial importance as flavor constituents in coffee, cocoa, tea, and a number of other beverages. However, their exploitation for authenticity, a requirement in these commodities that have a large origin-based price-range, by the standard method of isotope ratio monitoring by mass spectrometry (irm-MS) is limited. We have now developed a methodology that overcomes this deficit that exploits the power of isotopic quantitative 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry combined with chemical modification of the xanthines to enable the determination of positional intramolecular 13C/12C ratios (δ13Ci) with high precision. However, only caffeine is amenable to analysis: theobromine and theophylline present substantial difficulties due to their poor solubility. However, their N-methylation to caffeine makes spectral acquisition feasible. The method is confirmed as robust, with good repeatability of the δ13Ci values in caffeine ...
23 citations