Topic
Thermal decomposition
About: Thermal decomposition is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 34363 publications have been published within this topic receiving 573658 citations. The topic is also known as: thermolysis.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the primary explosive tetranitrodiglycoluril (TNDGU) was synthesized from glycolurin dimer and was fully characterized by using NMR (1H, 13C), IR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis.
Abstract: The novel primary explosive tetranitrodiglycoluril (TNDGU) was synthesized from glycoluril dimer. It was fully characterized by using NMR (1H, 13C), IR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. X-ray diffraction revealed that the crystals of TNDGU belong to triclinic system with space group P. The thermal behavior of TNDGU was studied using DSC methods. TNDGU exhibited good thermal stability with a decomposition temperature of 284.8 °C. TNDGU was also more resistant to hydrolysis compared to other nitrourea analogues. Additionally, density, enthalpy of formation, detonation velocity (VOD), and detonation pressure of TNDGU were predicted and it was found that TNDGU is a potential powerful explosive with a calculated density of 1.93 g cm−3, a detonation velocity of 8305 m s−1 and low sensitivity to electric discharge.
17 citations
TL;DR: In this article, tin(II) oxalate was used as a novel chloride-free starting material for the preparation of a stable Sn-containing precursor solution, which was applied for the chemical solution deposition (CSD) of transparent conducting coatings of SnO2 on Si/SiO2 substrates.
Abstract: In this work, tin(II) oxalate was studied as a novel chloride-free starting material for the preparation of a stable Sn-containing precursor solution. This precursor was applied for the chemical solution deposition (CSD) of transparent conducting coatings of SnO2 on Si/SiO2 substrates. An influence of synthesis parameters, such as pH, complexing agent to metal ion ratio on the stability of the citrato peroxo Sn(IV) precursor has been investigated in this study. Insights into the precursor chemistry and its thermal decomposition based on TG-DSC analysis are also presented. The obtained SnO2 films were characterized by high temperature X-ray diffraction (HT-XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to evaluate phase purity and film thickness, respectively.
17 citations
TL;DR: In this article, two cobalt oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by thermal decomposition of [CoII(bqbenzo)] and [Co II(bqsbqb)], respectively, and the properties of these oxides were characterized by XRD, FE-SEM, and FT-IR spectroscopy.
Abstract: Cobalt oxide nanoparticles, Co3O4 (1) and Co3O4 (2), have been synthesized by thermal decomposition of [CoII(bqbenzo)] and [CoII(bqb)], respectively. The morphology of these oxides is influenced by the difference in the structure of bqbenzo2− {3,4-bis(2-quinolinecarboxamido) benzophenone and, bqb2− {bis(2-quinolinecarboxamido)-1,2-benzen}, only differing in a benzoyl substituent. The products were characterized by XRD, FE-SEM, and FT-IR spectroscopy. The catalytic activity of the oxides was examined in oxygen evolution reaction (OER) by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). The Co3O4 oxides (1 and 2) exhibited higher catalytic activity compared to 10 wt% Pt/C in terms of obtained current density at 0.8 V; ∼23.3 versus 6.1 mA cm−2, respectively. However, the aging tests of the two oxides in OER revealed that Co3O4 (1) is more stable than Co3O4 (2). These results demonstrated that the Co3O4 (1) has a superior performance which can be employed in the alkaline water electrolyzer anode.
17 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the preparation and characterization of organo-functionalized Ni Al layered double hydroxide (LDH)-polystyrene (PS) nanocomposites were reported.
17 citations
TL;DR: F fluorination alters the electronic structure of adsorbed carbonyls on TiO(2)(110) in such a way as to promote complete fragmentation of the adsorbing carbonyl complex to form gas phase CO(2) as well as to open up additional photodissociation pathways leading to CO production.
Abstract: The ultraviolet (UV) photon-induced decomposition of hexafluoroacetone ((CF3)2CO; HFA) adsorbed on the rutile TiO2(110) surface was investigated using photon stimulated desorption (PSD) and temperature programmed desorption (TPD). HFA adsorbs both molecularly and dissociatively on the reduced TiO2(110) surface. The initial ∼0.2 ML (where 1 ML equates to the cation site density of the ideal surface) coverage of HFA thermally decomposes resulting in the formation of adsorbed trifluoroacetate groups, with further HFA exposure resulting in molecular adsorption. No evidence was found for HFA photochemistry on the reduced surface. HFA adsorbed and desorbed molecularly on a pre-oxidized TiO2(110) surface with only a minor amount (∼1%) of thermal decomposition in TPD. A new adsorption state at 350 K was assigned to the reversible formation of a photoactive HFA-diolate species [(CF3)2COO]. UV irradiation depleted the 350 K state, resulting in evolution of CF3, CO, and CO2 in the gas phase and formation of surface bound trifluoroacetate groups. 18O isotope scrambling experiments showed that the ejected CO2 was from photodecomposition of the HFA-diolate species while the CO photoproduct was not. These results are in contrast to the photochemical behavior of acetone, butanone and acetaldehyde on TiO2(110), where UV irradiation resulted in the gas phase ejection of one of the carbonyl substituent groups as well as a stoichiometric amount of carboxylate left on the surface. We conclude that fluorination alters the electronic structure of adsorbed carbonyls on TiO2(110) in such a way as to promote complete fragmentation of the adsorbed carbonyl complex to form gas phase CO2 as well as to open up additional photodissociation pathways leading to CO production.
17 citations