Topic
Thermal efficiency
About: Thermal efficiency is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 20911 publications have been published within this topic receiving 302373 citations. The topic is also known as: thermodynamic efficiency & efficiency.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a historical view of developments in steam pressure and temperature of fossil-fired power plants and alloy design for heat resistant steels in the 20th century, particularly over the last severaldecades, as well as a survey of the current status of steel development for power plants, mainly with regard to creep strengthening and enhancement of corrosion resistance.
Abstract: During the last fifty years steam pressure and temperature in fossil-fired power plants have been continuously raised to improve thermal efficiency. Recent efforts for raising steam conditions are in response to the social demand for environmental protection as well as energy conservation concerns. Today the steam temperature of 600°C for modern power plants equipped with swing load or sliding pressure demand functions has already been realized, and a goal for the future is the 630°C to 650°C class with ferritic steels.However the 600°C to 630°C class is possible for current construction, based on already developed materials that include ferritic steels for pipework and rotors. Numerous studies on heat resistant steels actively conducted since the early 1970s have allowed great progress in both 9–12% Cr steels and austenitic steels. This paper presents a historical view of developments in steam pressure and temperature of fossil-fired power plants and alloy design for heat resistant steels in the 20th century, particularly over the last severaldecades, as well as a survey of the current status of steel development for power plants, mainly with regard to creep strengthening and enhancement of corrosion resistance.
444 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the performance of hydrogen production via steam methane reforming (SMR) is evaluated using exergy analysis, with emphasis on exergy flows, destruction, waste, and efficiencies.
404 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the history of internal combustion engine exhaust waste heat recovery focusing on organic Rankine cycles is presented, with a focus on the selection of the cycle expander and working fluid, since they are regarded as having the largest impact on system performance.
404 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of different ethanol-diesel blended fuels on the performance and emissions of diesel engines have been evaluated experimentally and compared in a water-cooled single-cylinder Direct Injection (DI) diesel engine.
401 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a new thermodynamic energy cycle has been developed using a multicomponent working agent, which is designed to replace the currently used Rankine Cycle as a bottoming cycle for a combined-cycle energy system as well as for generating electricity using low-temperature heat sources.
Abstract: A new thermodynamic energy cycle has been developed using a multicomponent working agent. This cycle is designed to replace the currently used Rankine Cycle as a bottoming cycle for a combined-cycle energy system as well as for generating electricity using low-temperature heat sources. Several combined power systems based on this cycle have been designed and cost-estimated. The efficiency of this cycle is from 1.6 to 1.9 times higher than that of the Rankine Cycle system, at the same border conditions. The investment cost per unit of power output for this cycle is lower than that for the Rankine Cycle system in approximately direct proportion to the energy advantage. The application of this cycle as a bottoming cycle in combined-cycle systems involves the use of an energy system which utilizes heat from the exhaust of a gas turbine, resulting in an increase in overall efficiency of up to 20 percent above the efficiency of the combined systems using the Rankine bottoming cycle. As a result, a thermal efficiency in the range of 50–52 percent can be achieved using a conventional gas turbine. The project to build the first experimental installation is now in progress. This installation is to become operational at the end of 1984.
393 citations