Topic
Thermal reservoir
About: Thermal reservoir is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2626 publications have been published within this topic receiving 40076 citations. The topic is also known as: thermal energy reservoir & thermal bath.
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TL;DR: In this article, a thermal bipolar seesaw model was proposed to explain a large fraction of the millennial climate variability measured in the isotopic composition of Antarctic ice cores, and the model resolved the apparent confusion whether northern and southern climate records are in or out of phase, synchronous or time lagged.
Abstract: [1] The simplest possible model is proposed to explain a large fraction of the millennial climate variability measured in the isotopic composition of Antarctic ice cores. The model results from the classic bipolar seesaw by coupling it to a heat reservoir. In this "thermal bipolar seesaw" the heat reservoir convolves northern time signals with a characteristic timescale. Applying the model to the data of GRIP and Byrd, we demonstrate that maximum correlation can be obtained using a timescale of about 1000-1500 years. Higher correlations are obtained by first filtering out the long-term variability which is due to astronomical and greenhouse gas forcing and not part of the thermal bipolar seesaw. The model resolves the apparent confusion whether northern and southern climate records are in or out of phase, synchronous, or time lagged.
577 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown that the efficiency at maximum power increases with the degree of squeezing, surpassing the standard Carnot limit and approaching unity exponentially for large squeezing parameters.
Abstract: We consider a quantum Otto cycle for a time-dependent harmonic oscillator coupled to a squeezed thermal reservoir. We show that the efficiency at maximum power increases with the degree of squeezing, surpassing the standard Carnot limit and approaching unity exponentially for large squeezing parameters. We further propose an experimental scheme to implement such a model system by using a single trapped ion in a linear Paul trap with special geometry. Our analytical investigations are supported by Monte Carlo simulations that demonstrate the feasibility of our proposal. For realistic trap parameters, an increase of the efficiency at maximum power of up to a factor of 4 is reached, largely exceeding the Carnot bound.
566 citations
01 Dec 2003
TL;DR: In this paper, a thermal bipolar seesaw model was proposed to explain most of the millennial climate variability measured in the isotopic composition of Antarctic ice cores, and the model was applied to the data of GRIP and Byrd and the maximum correlation can be obtained using a time scale of about 1000-1500 years.
Abstract: The simplest possible model is proposed to explain most of the millennial climate variability measured in the isotopic composition of Antarctic ice cores. The model results from the classic bipolar seesaw by coupling it to a heat reservoir. In this "thermal bipolar seesaw" the heat reservoir convolves northern time signals with a characteristic time scale which depends on the volume of the heat reservoir. Applying the model to the data of GRIP and Byrd we demonstrate that maximum correlation can be obtained using a time scale of about 1000-1500 years. Higher correlations are obtained by first filtering out the long-term variability which is due to astronomical forcing and not part of the thermal bipolar seesaw. The model resolves the apparent confusion whether northern and southern climate records are in or out-of-phase, synchronous, or time lagged.
541 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the stationary nonequilibrium Gibbsian ensemble representing a harmonic crystal in contact with several idealized heat reservoirs at different temperatures is shown to have a Gaussian r space distribution for the case where the stochastic interaction between the system and heat reservoirs may be represented by Fokker-Planck-type operators.
Abstract: The stationary nonequilibrium Gibbsian ensemble representing a harmonic crystal in contact with several idealized heat reservoirs at different temperatures is shown to have a Gaussian r space distribution for the case where the stochastic interaction between the system and heat reservoirs may be represented by Fokker—Planck-type operators. The covariance matrix of this Gaussian is found explicitly for a linear chain with nearest-neighbor forces in contact at its ends with heat reservoirs at temperatures T 1 and T N , N being the number of oscillators. We also find explicitly the covariance matrix, but not the distribution, for the case where the interaction between the system and the reservoirs is represented by very “hard” collisions. This matrix differs from that for the previous case only by a trivial factor. The heat flux in the stationary state is found, as expected, to be proportional to the temperature difference (T 1 − T N ) rather than to the temperature gradient (T 1 − T N )/N. The kinetic temperature of the jth oscillator T(j) behaves, however, in an unexpected fashion. T(j) is essentially constant in the interior of the chain decreasing exponentially in the direction of the hotter reservoir rising only at the end oscillator in contact with that reservoir (with corresponding behavior at the other end of the chain). No explanation is offered for this paradoxical result.
482 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown that, by using a suitably chosen energy filter, electrons can be transferred reversibly between reservoirs that have different temperatures and electrochemical potentials.
Abstract: Brownian heat engines use local temperature gradients in asymmetric potentials to move particles against an external force. The energy efficiency of such machines is generally limited by irreversible heat flow carried by particles that make contact with different heat baths. Here we show that, by using a suitably chosen energy filter, electrons can be transferred reversibly between reservoirs that have different temperatures and electrochemical potentials. We apply this result to propose heat engines based on mesoscopic semiconductor ratchets, which can quasistatically operate arbitrarily close to Carnot efficiency.
319 citations