Showing papers on "Time perception published in 1969"

Natural 2-second cycle in time perception and human information transmission.

Abstract: I n senso ry phys io logy, i n f o r m a t i o n t r a n s m i s s i o n can be determ i n e d b y t h e m e t h o d s of s ta t i s t i ca l i n fo rma t i on t h e o r y [1]. The m a x i m a l ave rage i n fo rma t i on t r a n s m i s s i o n wh ich is possible t h r o u g h a g iven i n f o r m a t i o n channe l is t h e channel capac i ty . For d e t e r m i n a t i o n of channe l c apac i t y all k inds of i n fo rma t ion sources a re allowed. However , i t h a s n o t y e t been inves t iga t ed w h e t h e r in h u m a n s ensa t i on di f ferent d is t r ibut ions of s t imuI i yield a d i f ferent i n fo rma t i on t r ansmiss ion . T h u s t h e channe l capac i ty of h u m a n senses so far k n o w n m a y no t be t h e real one. W i t h two di f ferent m e t h o d s we found in t h r ee di f ferent sense modal i t i es t h a t h u m a n senso ry i n fo rma t i on t r a n s m i s s i o n does depend on s t i m u l u s d i s t r ibu t ion . T he senses were (t) t ime percept ion , (2) ves t ibu la r percep t ion of r o t a t o r y accelera t ions a n d (3) v i sua l percep t ion of l eng th ; t h e m e t h o d s were a) de ter m i n a t i o n of a p p a r e n t channe l capac i ty w i t h d i f ferent s t i m u l u s d i s t r ibu t ions (linear, exponent ia l , a n d power funct ions) b) anal ysis of t h e i n fo rma t i on t r a n s m i s s i o n in di f ferent pa r t s of t he s t imuhis responsere la t ions . Th i s l a t t e r m e t h o d was used to f ind t h e op t ima l s t i m u h i s d i s t r ibu t ions yieIding m a x i m u m in fo rma t ion t r ansmiss ion . I n ves t ibu la r s ensa t i on ( ro ta tory accelera t ions up to g~ ~ in t he hor izon ta l p lane w i t h o u t knowledge of t h e n u m b e r of s t i m u l u s categories) l inear series of s t imul i yield a n ave rage i n fo rma t ion t r a n s m i s s i o n of ~.5 bi t per s t imulus , whe reas power func t i on series w i t h t he e x p o n e n t of 1.2 yield 1.7 b i t w i th t h e difference be ing s ignif icant . Ana lys i s of i n fo rma t ion t r a n s m i s s i o n in d i f fe rent pa r t s of t h e s t imulus responsere la t ion f avou r s t h e h y p o t h e s i s t h a t in th i s case t h e power funct ion w i th t h e e x p o n e n t 1.2 is a b o u t t h e op t ima l d i s t r ibu t ion of s t imuli . W i t h t ime pe rcep t ion and l inear d i s t r ibu t ions of s t imul i t h e m a x i m u m in fo rm a t i on t r a n s m i s s i o n is on t he ave rage t .9 bi t per s t i m u l u s in t h e op t i ma l r ange of du ra t ion . However , an exponen t i a l d i s t r ibu t ion of s t imul i descr ibed b y y = t 00.165 x--1.16 which seems to be a b o u t t he bes t in th i s case, yields t h e channe l c apac i t y of 2.5 bit . T he difference is s ignif icant . S imi lar ly w i t h v i sua l pe rcep t ion of l eng th , d i s t r ibu t ion of s t imul i descr ibed b y y = 10 0'16~x-1\"16 resu l t in a h igher inf o rma t ion t r a n s m i s s i o n t h a n l inear s t i m u l u s d i s t r ibu t ions in t h e s a m e range .

Orientational Perception: IV. Time and Length Perception in Depersonalized and Derealized Patients and Controls Under Positive Feedback Conditions

Abstract: Fifteen derealized patients reporting distortions in time and/or space perception and 15 matched controls were tested for differences in their perception of time and space. When the test responses were "fed back" as the input on subsequent trials in order to amplify small but consistent errors, no differences were found. The authors conclude that at this level of illness (depersonalization and derealization), and despite their reports, psychiatric patients do not make a significant number of errors in time and space perception.