Tin oxide

About: Tin oxide is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 11844 publications have been published within this topic receiving 212073 citations.

Facile Coating of Manganese Oxide on Tin Oxide Nanowires with High-Performance Capacitive Behavior

Abstract: In this paper, a very simple solution-based method is employed to coat amorphous MnO2 onto crystalline SnO2 nanowires grown on stainless steel substrate, which utilizes the better electronic conductivity of SnO2 nanowires as the supporting backbone to deposit MnO2 for supercapacitor electrodes. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge/discharge methods have been carried out to study the capacitive properties of the SnO2/MnO2 composites. A specific capacitance (based on MnO2) as high as 637 F g−1 is obtained at a scan rate of 2 mV s−1 (800 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1) in 1 M Na2SO4 aqueous solution. The energy density and power density measured at 50 A g−1 are 35.4 W h kg−1 and 25 kW kg−1, respectively, demonstrating the good rate capability. In addition, the SnO2/MnO2 composite electrode shows excellent long-term cyclic stability (less than 1.2% decrease of the specific capacitance is observed after 2000 CV cycles). The temperature-dependent capacitive behavior is also discussed. Such hi...

Electrical and optical properties of undoped and antimony‐doped tin oxide films

Abstract: Tin oxide films have been prepared on glass substrates by spray pyrolysis technique. The electrical and optical properties of undoped and antimony‐doped tin oxide films have been studied. The temperature dependence of electron mobility has been analyzed to establish the electron conduction mechanism. Optical properties near the plasma edge have been analyzed using Drude’s theory. The dependence of effective mass on carrier concentration has been explained on the basis of nonparabolicity of the conduction band. The shift in the Fermi energy, calculated on the basis of energy dependent effective mass, is consistent with the measured shift in the absorption edge.

Properties of piezoelectric ceramics in the solid-solution series lead titanate-lead zirconate-lead oxide: Tin oxide and lead titanate-lead hafnate

Abstract: Co mpositional proximity to a morphotropic t ransformation between two ferroelectric solid-solution phases seems to yie ld ceramic transducers having desirable properties over a wide range of te mperature. Examples of t his phenomenon were observed in the systems PbTi03-PbZr03, PbTi03-PbO:Sn02, PbTi03-PbZr03-PbO:SnO\" and PbTi03-PbHf03. The dielectric and piezoelectric properties of ceramics having compositions in these syste ms and in t he system PbZr03-PbO:Sn02 are described . The composition Pb (Ti .. 5Zr .5,) 0 3 ex hibits a high radial coupli ng coefficient, greater than 0.3, for temperatures as high as 275 0 C and has t he highest g31 constant, 1l .7 X 103 volt -meters per ne\\\\·toll . For the ser ies of compositions containing 30 percent PbO:SnO, in the ternary system PbTi03-PbZr03-PbO:Sn02 the tetragonal composition nearest the morphotropic boundary has the highes t d31 value, 74 X 1012 coulombs per newton . The rhombohedral composition nea rest. the morphotropic boundary sho\\\\'s the least change of frequency co nstant with temperature, a 2 perce nt variat ion over t he range of 25 0 to 225 0 C.

Manganese Oxide Thin Film Preparation by Potentiostatic Electrolyses and Electrochromism

Abstract: Manganese oxide thin films were deposited on transparent conducting tin oxide glass substrates by potentiostatic anodic electrolysis of alkaline solution of a manganese ammine complex at 298 K. The effects of varying deposition potentials on the microstructure and the electrochromic (EC) properties of the films were investigated. Characterization of films by X‐ray diffraction revealed that two distinct potential regions (lower and higher than 0.3 V vs. Ag/AgCl) were available for the film deposition; the crystal structure of the film deposited at lower and higher regions were and/or and , respectively. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses of the films featuring exchange splitting effect on Mn 3s spectra indicated that the valence of manganese in the films prepared at lower and higher potential regions are mixtures of divalence‐trivalence and of trivalence‐tetravalence, respectively. The XPS analysis also revealed that terminal chemical bonding species of the films are a mixture of hydroxide (Mn‐O‐H) and oxide (Mn‐O‐Mn). The mechanism of the EC process, by which the color change between brown and light yellow occurs, could be explained in terms of the transformation between these two oxygen groups in Mn‐O‐H and Mn‐O‐Mn, accompanied by the change in valence of Mn. The EC durability of the films in switching performance was also assessed. © 2000 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.

Controlled Aqueous Chemical Growth of Oriented Three-Dimensional Crystalline Nanorod Arrays: Application to Iron(III) Oxides

Abstract: The ability to create thin films of highly oriented anisotropic nanoparticles of transition metal oxides onto polycrystalline and single-crystalline substrates is demonstrated by the fabrication of large three-dimensional arrays of perpendicularly oriented nanorods of crystalline iron(III) oxides onto tin oxide and sapphire substrates. An enchanced control of the thermodynamics and kinetics of nucleation and growth processes allows one to grow such novel materials directly onto substrates from a simple aqueous solution of metal salts.