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Tipula

About: Tipula is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 232 publications have been published within this topic receiving 2472 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
01 Mar 1973-Ecology
TL;DR: Investigations of large and fine particle feeding detritivores (shredders and collectors) fed on conditioned hickory leaves revealed density—dependent intra— and interspecific interactions.
Abstract: Investigations of large and fine particle feeding detritivores (shredders and collectors) fed on conditioned hickory leaves (Carya glabra) revealed density—dependent intra— and interspecific interactions. Shredder (Tipula and Pycnopsyche) growth rates ranged from 0.47 to 1.53% increase in body wt/day depending upon density, species combinations, and culture temperature. Collector (Stenonema) growth rate ranged from 0.13 to 1.80% body wt/day, being greatest at high densities, particularly in combination with shredders. Food consumption ranged from 15.7 to 33.2% body wt/day for shredders and 4.0 to 23.2% body wt/day for collectors. After non—shredder feeding losses are accounted for, estimated shredder standing crop required to account for processing of report leaf litter inputs compare generally to measured shredder standing crop.

343 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is hypothesize that the replacement of the original deciduous forest by eucalyptus plantations may induce deleterious changes in the associated invertebrate communities and stream ecosystem processes.
Abstract: SUMMARY 1. Food preference, consumption and growth of Tipula lateralis feeding on leaves of one exotic (Eucalyptus globulus) and three native trees of central Portugal (Alnus glutinosa, Castanea saliva and Quercus faginea) were investigated. 2. Larvae preferred and consumed more alder than the other three species. Larvae fed oak and eucalyptus did not grow, while those fed alder had a faster mean specific growth than those fed chestnut. Alder also provided a higher and earlier peak growth rate, which occurred at 35 days vs. 91 days for chestnut. 3. High values of survivorship to 126 days were observed in larvae fed alder and chestnut. All larvae fed oak died within 63 days; those fed eucalyptus died within 91 days. 4. Leaf utilization by Tipula lateralis seems to be negatively correlated with cuticle thickness and polyphenolic content and positively correlated with microbial colonization and nutrient content of the leaves. We hypothesize that the replacement of the original deciduous forest by eucalyptus plantations may induce deleterious changes in the associated invertebrate communities and stream ecosystem processes.

126 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The susceptibility of Tipula paludosa and Tipula oleracea larvae to Steinernema feltiae was examinated in laboratory bioassays, indicating that DJ penetration is the limiting step during pathogenesis.

110 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Oct 1985-Ecology
TL;DR: The capacity of three leaf—shredding aquatic insects, Pteronarcys proteus, Tipula abdominalis, and Pycnopsyche luculenta, to digest and assimilate cellulose was investigated and general proteolytic activity was similar in the alimentary tracts of all three species.
Abstract: The capacity of three leaf—shredding aquatic insects, Pteronarcys proteus (Plecoptera: Pteronarcidae), Tipula abdominalis (Diptera: Tipulidae), and Pycnopsyche luculenta (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae), to digest and assimilate cellulose was investigated. Pteronarcys numphs collected from two second—order woodland streams over a 14—mo period exhibited high levels of cellulolytic activity in their alimentary tracts, especially in the anterior gut. Similar though slightly lower activity levels were measured in Pycnopsyche guts. Cellulolytic activity in Tipula larvae collected from the streams during the same period was low to absent, and when present, was concentrated in the hindgut. General proteolytic activity was activity was similar in the alimentary tracts of all three species. Assimilation of uniformly labelled 14C—cellulose was determined by a dual—label technique, and assimilation efficiencies were estimated at 11.2% for Pteronarcys, 18.5% for Tipula, and 12.0% for Pycnopsyche. Confirmation that labell...

99 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Recently, Loughlin (1958a) has shown that eggs of T. oleracea (a species which is closely related to T. paludosa but which lays relatively smaller eggs) are capable of withstanding temporary desiccation beyond the 'dimpling' stage.
Abstract: The study of the biology of crane-flies belonging to the genus Tipula has been mainly restricted to species of economic importance. T. paludosa, which occurs commonly on cultivated land, has been studied by a number of authors. Rennie (1916, 1917) studied the life cycle of this species and discussed its economic importance. Bodenheimer (1923, 1924) made an extensive study of the structure and biology of a crane-fly referred to as T. oleracea Meigen. He did not distinguish between T. oleracea and T. paludosa, but his figures (and personal communication) indicate that most, if not all, of his material was T. paludosa. Sellke (1936) has made a laboratory study of three species of the T. oleracea group, T. oleracea, T. paludosa and T. fusca Staeger (== T. czizeki de Jong). Barnes (1937) reared larvae of T. paludosa in the laboratory and studied oviposition under laboratory conditions. More recently, Maercks (1939, 1943) studied the Tipulidae of agricultural land in northern Germ4ny, paying particular attention to T. paludosa and factors which may be of importance in influencing the numbers of larvae. Apart from the statement of Audcent (1932) that in Great Britain T. subnodicornis is common on cotton-grass (Eriophorum) moors, little is known of its biology. Tipulidae have usually been studied in the laboratory and few observations have been made under field conditions. Maercks (1939, 1943) sampled for larvae in agricultural land in north Germany, but the populations were only sampled twice in each generation. He also studied the effects of desiccation on the eggs and larval instars of Tipula paludosa and demonstrated that newly laid eggs and the first instar larvae were the stages which were most susceptible to desiccation. Recently, Loughlin (1958a) has shown that eggs of T. oleracea (a species which is closely related to T. paludosa but which lays relatively smaller eggs) are capable of withstanding temporary desiccation beyond the 'dimpling' stage. Rennie (1917) also draws attention to the susceptibility of early stages of T. paludosa to desiccation and associated wet autumns

94 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20216
20206
20197
20184
20172
20165