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Toad
About: Toad is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1624 publications have been published within this topic receiving 28732 citations.
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TL;DR: Two new polyamine alkaloids (bufonines A-B) were isolated from the Bufo viridis toad venom and none of the compounds showed cytotoxicity towards all tested cell lines.
3 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Strophanthin exerts a direct stimulant effect on the spinal cord of the toad resulting in strychnine-like convulsions, which may later be followed by complete paralysis of the nervous system.
Abstract: 1. The toad Bufo regularis is about 1000 times more tolerant to strophanthin than the frog Xenopus laevis. 2. The same degree of tolerance is shown by the perfused heart of the toad, so that the tolerance of the toad to strophanthin can be completely explained as due to the tolerance of its heart. 3. Strophanthin is able to produce systolic standstill of the heart of the toad, as in the case of the frog. 4. Strophanthin exerts a direct stimulant effect on the spinal cord of the toad resulting in strychnine-like convulsions. This may later be followed by complete paralysis of the nervous system. 5. A possible error that may occur when drugs are injected into the ventral lymph sacs has been referred to, and the use of alternative sites of injection has been suggested.
3 citations
Journal Article•
3 citations
TL;DR: This communication describes the behaviour of another single symmetric cell, the toad oocyte, towards insulin, in the presence of actinomycin D6 and, because it has been shown that this inhibitor does not stop the hormone from stimulating the sodium pump, it is difficult to decide whether the primary action is on the efflux mechanism or induction of de novo protein synthesis.
Abstract: INSULIN applied in vitro reduces the internal sodium concentration of rat skeletal muscle1–2 and stimulates the active transport of sodium in sodium-loaded frog muscle3 and in toad bladder4. External application of insulin to single crab muscle fibres in vitro can cause a striking rise in the efflux of sodium5. Insulin stimulates protein synthesis in skeletal muscle in the presence of actinomycin D6,7 and, because it has been shown that this inhibitor does not stop the hormone from stimulating the sodium pump5, it is difficult to decide whether the primary action is on the efflux mechanism or induction of de novo protein synthesis. This communication describes the behaviour of another single symmetric cell, the toad oocyte, towards insulin.
3 citations
TL;DR: The case of a healthy female who had previously eaten toad soup twice without any discomfort is reported, who developed gastrointestinal symptoms and life-threatening cardiac rhythm after ingestion of toad eggs and a digoxin-specific Fab fragment was administered.
Abstract: It is known that the toad possesses several toxic substances in the skin and parotid glands. In the past, toad-venom poisoning has been reported from ingestion of toad soup, Kyushin and aphrodisiac pills, but poisoning from toad eggs is observed for the first time. The case of a healthy female who had previously eaten toad soup twice without any discomfort is reported. She developed gastrointestinal symptoms and life-threatening cardiac rhythm after ingestion of toad eggs. A transvenous temporary pacemaker was used promptly to prevent from lethal bradyarrhythmia. Hyperkalaemia was managed with insulin, glucose water and sodium bicarbonate. A digoxin-specific Fab fragment was administered to this young woman 4 h subsequent to her admission.
3 citations