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Toad
About: Toad is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1624 publications have been published within this topic receiving 28732 citations.
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TL;DR: It is concluded that the pressor response to A II has a direct contractile effect and a catecholamine dependent component in aortic rings of Bufo arenarum toad.
3 citations
DOI•
01 Jan 2017
TL;DR: This chapter discusses the use of icons and symbols in the design and construction of buildings and how their use has changed over time.
Abstract: ...................................................................................................................... iii PUBLIC ABSTRACT .........................................................................................................v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ................................................................................................ vii LIST OF TABLES ...............................................................................................................x LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................... xii CHAPTER
3 citations
01 Jun 2013
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored the effects of resveratrol oncadmium chloride induced toxicity on isolated toad's heart and concluded that RES could serve as a protective agent against some acute (CdCl2) toxicity.
Abstract: Resveratrol (trans-3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene- RES), is a natural antioxidant found in variousfruits and vegetables and is abundant in grapes. It has beneficial effects against coronary heartdiseases. This study aims to explore the protective and therapeutic effects of resveratrol oncadmium chloride induced toxicity on isolated toad's hearts. Electrocardiogram (ECG) wasrecorded before and after direct perfusion of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) and resveratrol.Application of CdCl2 (2mM/L) into isolated toad's heart significantly decreased the heart rate(HR) accompanied by an elongation in the conduction time (P-R interval), while a nonsignificant decrease of the ventricular contraction (R-wave amplitude) was observed withinminutes (5-30 min) of CdCl2 application into isolated toad's. Pretreatment of isolated toad'shearts with RES (21μM/L) five min before CdCl2 application abolished the severe bradycardiaand negative inotropic effect induced by CdCl2, this was accompanied by improvement ofcardiac disorders induced by this toxic heavy metal. While, post treatment of RES afterappearance of cardiac abnormalities induced by CdCl2 didn’t affect these induced disorders. Inconclusion, the obtained investigation indicates that RES could serve as a protective agentagainst some of acute ( CdCl2) toxicity on isolated toad's heart than more that its therapeuticefficacy. However, low level of resveratrol at was not effective in preventing either neither severbradycardia nor in reducing ventricular dysfunction induced by cadmium.
3 citations
TL;DR: It is proposed that one or several specific urea transporters are present in ovarian oocytes from Bufo arenarum, a toad species common in Argentina, and these oocytes cannot be used in expression studies of foreign ureaTransporters.
Abstract: Xenopus laevis oocytes have been extensively used for expression cloning, structure/function relationships, and regulation analysis of transporter proteins. Urea transporters have been expressed in Xenopus oocytes and their properties have been described. In order to establish an alternative system in which urea transporters could be efficiently expressed and studied, we determined the urea transport properties of ovarian oocytes from Bufo arenarum, a toad species common in Argentina. Bufo oocytes presented a high urea permeability of 22.3 × 10−6 cm/s, which was significantly inhibited by the incubation with phloretin. The urea uptake in these oocytes was also inhibited by mercurial reagents, and high-affinity urea analogues. The urea uptake was not sodium dependent. The activation energy was 3.2 Kcal/mol, suggesting that urea movement across membrane oocytes may be through a facilitated urea transporter. In contrast, Bufo oocytes showed a low permeability for mannitol and glycerol. From these results, we propose that one or several specific urea transporters are present in ovarian oocytes from Bufo arenarum. Therefore, these oocytes cannot be used in expression studies of foreign urea transporters. The importance of Bufo urea transporter is not known but could be implicated in osmotic regulation during the laying of eggs in water. J. Exp. Zool. 298A:10–15, 2003. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
3 citations
01 Aug 2019
TL;DR: Data on the extraordinary activity of Bufotes variabilis in winter period is reported and it is evaluated that variable toad could be active throughout the year due to global climate changes.
Abstract: Amphibians are one of the most vulnerable group that are directly affected by environmental factors. Researchers report that nearly one third of species threatened with extinction. Amphibians in the temperate zone hibernate in winter season under normal conditions and fluctuations in climate impact indirectly the summer and winter activity of these ectothermic animals. In this study, we report data on the extraordinary activity of Bufotes variabilis in winter period and evaluated that variable toad could be active throughout the year due to global climate changes.
3 citations