Topic
Torture
About: Torture is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8173 publications have been published within this topic receiving 109895 citations.
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TL;DR: Two decades after the torture took place, increasing proportions of survivors seem to suffer from pain associated with the type and bodily focus of the torture, which presents a considerable challenge to future evidence-based development of effective treatment programs.
Abstract: Aim. To estimate change over 10 years concerning the prevalence of pain in the head, back and feet, among previously tortured refugees settled in Denmark, and to compare associations between methods of torture and prevalent pain at baseline and at 10-year follow-up.Methods. 139 refugees previously exposed to torture in their home country were interviewed at a Danish rehabilitation clinic on average 8 years after their final release from confinement and re-interviewed 10 years later. Interviews focused on history of exposure to physical and mental torture and on pain in the head, back and feet prevalent at study.Results. The mean number of times imprisoned was 2.5 and the mean cumulative duration of imprisonment 19.4 months. The most frequent physical torture method reported was beating (95.0%) and the main mental torture method deprivation (88.5%). Pain reported at follow-up was strongly associated with pain reported at baseline, and the prevalence of pain increased considerably (pain in the head, 47.5% a...
67 citations
TL;DR: Providers need to be attuned to the potential traumatic histories of those fleeing persecution due to sexual orientation, and the medical, social, psychological, and legal implications of those in same sex relationships.
Abstract: A retrospective chart review was completed of patients self-identified as lesbian, gay, or bisexual seen through a program for survivors of torture between June 9, 2009 and December 31, 2014 (n = 50). Almost all (98 %) experienced persecution due to their sexual orientation and 84 % were survivors of torture. The circumstances under which the disclosure of sexual orientation took place in the country of origin were often traumatic. In several, efforts were made to change their sexual orientation often through forced marriage. Those in same sex relationships had relationships often marred by tragedy. Women were more likely to be forced to move from place to place, experience rape/sexual assault and threats whereas men were more likely to be persecuted by people on the street. All presented with symptoms of depression and anxiety. Providers need to be attuned to the potential traumatic histories of those fleeing persecution due to sexual orientation, and the medical, social, psychological, and legal implications.
66 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In Bioethics and Armed Conflict, Michael Gross examines the dilemmas that arise when bioethical principles clash with military necessity--when physicians try to save lives during an endeavor dedicated to taking them--and describes both the conflicts and congruencies of military and medical ethics.
Abstract: Is medical ethics in times of armed conflict identical to medical ethics in times of peace, as the World Medical Association declares? In Bioethics and Armed Conflict, the first comprehensive study of medical ethics in conventional, unconventional, and low-intensity war, Michael Gross examines the dilemmas that arise when bioethical principles clash with military necessity--when physicians try to save lives during an endeavor dedicated to taking them--and describes both the conflicts and congruencies of military and medical ethics.Gross describes how the principles of contemporary just war, unlike those of medical ethics, often go beyond the welfare of the individual to consider the collective interests of combatants and noncombatants and the general interests of the state. Military necessity plays havoc with such patients' rights as the right to life, the right to medical care, informed consent, confidentiality, and the right to die. The principles of triage in battle conditions dictate not need-based treatment but the distribution of resources that will return the greatest number of soldiers to active duty. And unconventional warfare, including current "wars" on terrorism, challenges the traditional concept of medical neutrality as physicians who have sworn to "do no harm" are called upon to lend their expertise to "interrogational" torture or to the development of biological or chemical weapons. Difficult dilemmas inevitably arise during armed conflict, and medicine, Gross concludes, is not above the fray. Medical ethics in time of war cannot be identical to medical ethics in peacetime.
66 citations
01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a topology of emergency power in the US and discuss its relationship with the concept of emergency logic and the ethic of political responsibility, as well as its relation with the notion of emergency powers.
Abstract: 1. No doctrine more pernicious? Emergencies and the limits of legality Victor V. Ramraj Part I. Legality and Extralegality: 2. The compulsion of legality David Dyzenhaus 3. Extralegality and the ethic of political responsibility Oren Gross Part II. Conceptual and Normative Theories: 4. Emergency logic: prudence, morality, and the rule of law Terry Nardin 5. Indefinite detention: rule by law or rule of law? R. Rueban Balasubramaniam Part III. Political and Sociological Theories: 6. The political constitution of emergency powers: some conceptual issues Mark Tushnet 7. A topography of emergency power Nomi Claire Lazar 8. Law, terror and social movements: the repression-mobilisation nexus Colm Campbell Part IV. Prospective Constraints on State Power: 9. Emergency strategies for prescriptive legal positivists: anti-terrorist law and legal theory Tom Campbell 10. Ordinary laws for emergencies and democratic derogation from rights Kent Roach 11. Presidentialism and emergency government William E. Scheuerman Part V. Judicial Responses to Official Disobedience: 12. Necessity, torture and the rule of law A. P. Simester 13. Deny everything: intelligence activities and the rule of law Simon Chesterman Part VI. Post-Colonial and International Perspectives: 14. Exceptions, bare life and colonialism Johan Geertsema 15. Struggle over legality in the midnight hour: governing the international state of emergency Kanishka Jayasuriya 16. Inter arma silent leges? Black hole theories of the laws of war C. L. Lim.
66 citations
Book•
21 Aug 2008
TL;DR: This chapter discusses technologies of surveillance and the erosion of institutional trust, as well as computer crime control as industry, and the role of the Internet in the Twenty First Century prison.
Abstract: Introduction: Technologies of (in)security, K .F. Aas, H. O. Gundhus, H. M. Lomell Part 1: (In)security and terror 1. Mundane Terror and the Threat of Everyday Objects, Daniel Neyland 2. Identification Practices: state formation, crime control, colonialism and war, David Lyon Part 2: (In)secure spaces 3. Spatial Articulations of Surveillance at the FIFA World Cup 2006 in Germany, Francisco Klauser 4. Checkpoint Security: Gateways, airports, and the architecture of security, Richard Jones Part 3: (In)secure visibilities 5. 24/7/365: Mobility, locability and the satellite tracking of offenders, Mike Nellis 6. Empowered Watchers or Disempowered Workers? The ambiguities of power within technologies of security, Gavin John Douglas Smith 7. Hijacking Surveillance? The new moral landscapes of amateur photographing, Hille Koskela Part 4: (In)secure virtualities 8. The Role of the Internet in the Twenty First Century Prison: Insecure technologies in secure places, Yvonne Jewkes 9. Computer Crime Control as Industry: Virtual insecurity and the market for private policing, Majid Yar Part 5: (In)Secure rights 10. Technologies of Surveillance and the erosion of institutional trust, Benjamin Goold 11. Another Side of the Story: Defence lawyers' views on DNA evidence, Johanne Yttrl Dahl 12. 'Catastrophic Moral Horror': Torture, terror and rights, Vidar Halvorsen Epilogue: The Inescapable Insecurity of security technologies?, Lucia Zedner
66 citations