Topic
Trace metal
About: Trace metal is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5125 publications have been published within this topic receiving 181046 citations.
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TL;DR: The surface horizons of two arid-zone fields soils that had received amendments of either liquid or dried, anaerobically digested sewage sludge for 4 years were sampled to determine the forms of selected trace metals in the solid phase as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The surface horizons of two arid-zone fields soils that had received amendments of either liquid or dried, anaerobically digested sewage sludge for 4 years were sampled to determine the forms of selected trace metals in the solid phase. The soils had been amended with sludge twice annually at rates of 0, 22.5, 45.0, or 90.0 tons . ha/sup -1/ . year/sup -1/. Barley and sorghum had been grown on the soils in randomized experimental plots. The soil samples were analyzed for total Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb and were fractionated by sequential extraction to estimate the quantities of these metals in ''exchangeable,'' ''sorbed,'' ''organic,'' ''carbonate,'' and ''sulfide'' forms. The total contents of the five metals in the two field soils were governed by the total content of the metals in the sludges applied and by the rate of sludge application. The accumulation of metals in the surface horizons of field plots receiving liquid sludge was less than that in the plots receiving composted sludge, possibly because of a lesser reduction in soil bulk density resulting from sludge applications. The percentage of the total metal content in exchangeable and sorbed forms was very low, averaging between 1.1 and 3.7% formore » all of the metals regardless of the type of soil, the form of sludge applied, or the sludge application rate. The application of sludge tended to reduce the sulfide fraction and to increase the organic and carbonate fractions of all five trace metals. At the highest rate of sludge application, the predominant forms of the metals were: Ni, sulfide; Cu, organic; and Zn, Cd, and Pb, carbonate.« less
698 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an overview of the oceanic chemistries of the bioactive trace metals, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn, combining field data with results from laboratory phytoplankton culture-trace metal studies and speculate on the potential influences of these trace metals on oceanic plankton production and species composition.
Abstract: We present an overview of the oceanic chemistries of the bioactive trace metals, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn; we combine field data with results from laboratory phytoplankton culture-trace metal studies and speculate on the potential influences of these trace metals on oceanic plankton production and species composition. Most field studies have focused on the effects of single metals. However, we propose that synergistic and antagonistic interactions between multiple trace metals could be very important in the oceans. Trace metal antagonisms that may prove particularly important are those between Cu and the potential biolimiting metals Fe, Mn, and Zn. These antagonistic interactions could have the greatest influence on biological productivity in areas of the open ocean isolated from terrestrial inputs, such as the remote high nutrient regions of the Pacific and Antarctic Oceans. The emerging picture of trace metal-biota interactions in these oceanic areas is one in which biology strongly influences distribution and chemical speciation of all these bioactive trace metals. It also seems likely that many of these bioactive trace metals and their speciation may influence levels of primary productivity, species composition, and trophic structure. Future investigations should give more complete consideration to the interactive effects of biologically important trace metals.
685 citations
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TL;DR: Elevated levels of metal contamination along China's coastal environment can increase the risk of metal exposure to humans by seafood consumption, raising the alarm for more stringent control of discharge of metals into environment.
652 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the particulate concentrations of 17 trace metals, Al, Sc, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Se, Ag, Sb, Au, Hg, Pb and Th have been measured in the marine atmosphere (58 samples) and in the deep waters (35 samples) of the Tropical North Atlantic.
606 citations
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TL;DR: The biodynamic model of trace metal bioaccumulation allows the prediction and explanation of widely differing accumulated trace metal concentrations in organisms, combining geochemical analyses of environmental metal concentrations with the measurement of key physiological parameters for a species from the site under consideration.
605 citations