Traffic wave

About: Traffic wave is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2106 publications have been published within this topic receiving 62117 citations. The topic is also known as: phantom traffic jam & ghost jams.

Traffic jam prediction device and method

Abstract: A device and method to enable the prediction of a traffic jam even when the road environment changes. On the basis of up-to-the-minute, i.e., current, traffic jam information and changes from the preceding traffic jam information, the current traffic state is estimated. On the basis of the up-to-the-minute traffic jam information and the current traffic state, the current traffic jam degree is predicted. The results can be used in a conventional navigation method and apparatus to plot driving routes for a vehicle.

Traffic lights control with adaptive group formation based on swarm intelligence

Abstract: Several traffic control approaches address the problem of reducing traffic jams. A class of them deals with coordination of traffic lights to allow vehicles traveling in a given direction to pass an arterial without stopping. However, in cities where the business centers are no longer located exclusively downtown, this approach is not appropriate: simple offline optimization of the synchronization in one arterial alone cannot cope with changing traffic patterns.

Continuum models for freeways with two lanes and numerical tests

Abstract: This paper deals with the continuum modeling of traffic dynamics for freeways with two lanes where the faster vehicles are allowed to travel on both lanes while the slower vehicles are allowed to travel on one lane only. The speed gradient-based momentum equation is used to develop the traffic models for each lane. Using the proposed models, some nonequilibrium phenomena such as small disturbance instability and stop-and-go waves, together with results from numerical tests are investigated. The conditions for keeping the models’ linear stability are presented.

Lane-changing behavior on highways.

Abstract: We study the lane-changing behavior in multilane highway modeling by a cellular automaton. We analyze the effects of speed limit and stochastic noise. A new parameter is introduced to allow vehicles not to change lanes even when the environmental criteria are met. Without stochastic noise, the lane-changing rate vanishes in the stationary states of a homogeneous highway. With stochastic noise, vehicles change lanes frequently even when there are no slow vehicles to overtake. The lane-changing rate reflects the intrinsic fluctuations much more than the inhomogeneity of the highway. Aggressive vehicles which change lanes at every opportunity will only keep a speed slightly larger than others.

The physics of empirical nuclei for spontaneous traffic breakdown in free flow at highway bottlenecks

Abstract: Based on an empirical study of real field traffic data measured in 1996–2014 through road detectors installed on German freeways, we reveal physical features of empirical nuclei for spontaneous traffic breakdown in free flow at highway bottlenecks. A microscopic stochastic three-phase traffic model of the nucleation of spontaneous traffic breakdown presented in the article explains the empirical findings. It turns out that in the most cases a nucleus for the breakdown occurs through an interaction of one of waves in free flow with an empirical permanent speed disturbance localized at a highway bottleneck. The wave is a localized structure in free flow, in which the total flow rate is larger and the speed averaged across the highway is smaller than outside the wave. The waves in free flow appear due to oscillations in the percentage of slow vehicles; these waves propagate with the average speed of slow vehicles in free flow. Any of the empirical waves exhibits a two-dimensional asymmetric spatiotemporal structure: Wave’s characteristics are different in different highway lanes.