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Traffic wave

About: Traffic wave is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2106 publications have been published within this topic receiving 62117 citations. The topic is also known as: phantom traffic jam & ghost jams.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a dynamic traffic assignment (DTA) model is developed to evaluate the effects of moving bottlenecks on network performance in terms of both travel times and traveling paths.
Abstract: Moving bottlenecks in highway traffic are defined as a situation in which a slow-moving vehicle, be it a truck hauling heavy equipment or an oversized vehicle, or a long convey, disrupts the continuous flow of the general traffic. The effect of moving bottlenecks on traffic flow is an important factor in the evaluation of network performance. This effect, though, cannot be assessed properly by existing transportation tools, especially when the bottleneck travels relatively long distances in the network. This paper develops a dynamic traffic assignment (DTA) model that can evaluate the effects of moving bottlenecks on network performance in terms of both travel times and traveling paths. The model assumes that the characteristics of the moving bottleneck, such as traveling path, physical dimensions, and desired speed, are predefined and, therefore, suitable for planned conveys. The DTA model is based on a mesoscopic simulation network-loading procedure with unique features that allow assessing the special dynamic characteristics of a moving bottleneck. By permitting traffic density and speed to vary along a link, the simulation can capture the queue caused by the moving bottleneck while preserving the causality principles of traffic dynamics.

30 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: A curious feature of the results is that when the traffic flows increase beyond a certain level, appreciably below the theoretical capacity of the road, the fast vehicle cannot maintain a higher average speed than that of the other vehicles: the whole time is spent waiting for opportunities to overtake, and the average wait per overtake becomes infinite.
Abstract: SUMMARY A theoretical formula is found for the average speed achieved over a long journey by a vehicle travelling along a road according to certain rules governing overtaking, when the other traffic on the road is postulated to be of a particularly simple kind. Except for the vehicle whose behaviour is studied, vehicles in each direction travel at the same speed, and are spaced at random, but with a certain minimum distance between vehicles. The vehicle being studied wishes to travel faster than the other vehicles; when it overtakes, it must pass the whole of a bunch of vehicles at minimum spacing in a single manoeuvre. It overtakes without delay if there is a sufficient gap in the opposing traffic. If delay occurs, then a greater gap in the opposing traffic is required, to allow for time lost in accelerating. An alternative application of the theory is to one half of a dual carriageway, in which the two traffic lanes are occupied by vehicles travelling at two different speeds. A curious feature of the results is that when the traffic flows increase beyond a certain level, appreciably below the theoretical capacity of the road, the fast vehicle cannot maintain a higher average speed than that of the other vehicles: the whole time is spent waiting for opportunities to overtake, and the average wait per overtaking becomes infinite. Numerical values of the average speed have been tabulated using an electronic computer. Standard values of all the constants of the model were selected for two-way and one-way roads separately, and these constants were then varied two, three or four at a time. Two general conclusions are indicated by the numerical results. Firstly, more acceleration, obtained at the expense of reduced maximum speed (and perhaps greater fuel consumption) by lowering the top gear ratio, would probably provide increased mean journey speeds for most modern cars under typical traffic cQnditions. Secondly, the cutting of safety margins and clearances when overtaking would not normally provide any worthwhile increase in mean journey speed.

30 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An attempt was made to model heterogeneous traffic flow using an innovative technique and the developed model was used to study the arrival type of traffic streams, queue accumulation, and queue dissipation on approaches to traffic signals.
Abstract: The quality of progression of a road traffic stream is one of the critical characteristics that must be quantified for operational analysis of traffic signals, particularly on urban roads. The parameter that has been found to best describe this characteristic of traffic streams is the arrival type. Though precise quantification of arrival type has been found to be difficult, the platoon ratio is a useful measure for this purpose. Thus, the quality of arrival of a traffic stream can be assessed by knowing the corresponding value of the platoon ratio. Study of arrival type over a wide range of traffic characteristics warrants theoretical modeling of traffic flow. In the study reported, an attempt was made to model heterogeneous traffic flow using an innovative technique. The developed model was used to study the arrival type of traffic streams, queue accumulation, and queue dissipation on approaches to traffic signals. The dispersal pattern of traffic platoons after vehicles pass a traffic signal was studied in detail. The effect of variation in traffic composition on traffic platoons was also analyzed.

30 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A metastability of the system is observed in the transition from saturation state to global deadlock state and the effect of advanced traveller information system (ATIS) and the traffic light switch strategy have been investigated.
Abstract: In this paper, a cellular automaton model of vehicular traffic in Manhattan-like urban system is proposed. In this model, the origin-destination trips and traffic lights have been considered. The system exhibits three different states, i.e., moving state, saturation state and global deadlock state. With a grid coarsening method, vehicle distribution in the moving state and the saturation state has been studied. Interesting structures (e.g., windmill-like one, T-shirt-like one, Y-like one) have been revealed. A metastability of the system is observed in the transition from saturation state to global deadlock state. The effect of advanced traveller information system (ATIS), the traffic light period, and the traffic light switch strategy have also been investigated.

29 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the car-following model to analyze the two-lane traffic waves and found that the lateral distance has little effect on the formation of triangular shock and soliton wave.
Abstract: We use the car-following model (Phys. Rev. E 72 (2005) 066124) to further analyse the two-lane traffic waves. Our numerical results show that in the two-lane traffic, there exist triangular shock, soliton wave and kink wave which appear in the stable, mestastable and unstable regions of headway-sensitivity space, respectively. Compared with the single-lane traffic, it is found that the lateral distance has little effect on the formation of triangular shock and soliton wave although the lateral distance can enlarge the stable region and can reduce the mestastable and unstable regions.

29 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202314
202237
202120
202017
201919
201822