Topic
Transcription (biology)
About: Transcription (biology) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 56532 publications have been published within this topic receiving 2952782 citations. The topic is also known as: genetic transcription & transcription, genetic.
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TL;DR: It is proposed that Tat acts through TAR to increase initiation complex formation on the HIV-1 promoter and to stabilize complexes during elongation to reduce the chance of transactivation by E1A and eliminate trans-activation by Tat.
546 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that a gene encoded by the minus strand of the HTLV-I proviral genome, HT LV-I basic leucine zipper factor (HBZ), is transcribed from 3'-LTR in all ATL cells, which indicates that the single HBZ gene has bimodal functions in two different molecular forms.
Abstract: Human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) causes adult T cell leukemia (ATL) in 2–5% of carriers after a long latent period. An HTLV-I encoded protein, Tax, induces proliferation and inhibits apoptosis, resulting in clonal proliferation of infected cells. However, tax gene expression in ATL cells is disrupted by several mechanisms, including genetic changes in the tax gene and DNA methylation/deletion of the 5′ long terminal repeat (LTR). Because Tax is the major target of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes in vivo, loss of Tax expression should enable ATL cells to escape the host immune system. The 5′ LTR of HTLV-I is frequently hypermethylated or deleted in ATL cells, whereas the 3′ LTR remains unmethylated and intact, suggesting the involvement of the 3′ LTR in leukemogenesis. Here we show that a gene encoded by the minus strand of the HTLV-I proviral genome, HTLV-I basic leucine zipper factor (HBZ), is transcribed from 3′-LTR in all ATL cells. Suppression of HBZ gene transcription by short interfering RNA inhibits proliferation of ATL cells. In addition, HBZ gene expression promotes proliferation of a human T cell line. Analyses of T cell lines transfected with mutated HBZ genes showed that HBZ promotes T cell proliferation in its RNA form, whereas HBZ protein suppresses Tax-mediated viral transcription through the 5′ LTR. Thus, the single HBZ gene has bimodal functions in two different molecular forms. The growth-promoting activity of HBZ RNA likely plays an important role in oncogenesis by HTLV-I.
546 citations
TL;DR: The anchor-away technique depletes the nucleus of Saccharomyces cerevisiae of a protein of interest by conditional tethering to an abundant cytoplasmic protein (the anchor) by appropriate gene tagging and rapamycin-dependent heterodimerization.
546 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that in the affected individual, in a transgenic model and in differentiating embryonic stem cells, transcription of antisense RNA mediates silencing and methylation of the associated CpG island.
Abstract: Transcription of antisense RNA leading to gene silencing and methylation as a novel cause of human genetic disease
545 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1984
TL;DR: This work aims to demonstrate the efforts towards in-vitro transcription-translation-translation co-operation in prokaryotic cell-free systems and demonstrates the ability of these systems to co-operate with each other on the basis of individual cell types.
Abstract: Introduction Expression of exogenous DNA in mammalian cells Expression of exogenous DNA in xenopus oocytes Transcription of eukaryotic genes in whole-cell extract Transcription of RNA in isolated nuclei Transcription of chromatin In vivo gene expression systems in prokaryotes Coupled transcription-translation in prokaryotic cell-free systems Purification of eukaryotic messenger RNA Translation of prokaryotic messenger RNA in cell-free extracts Translation of eukaryotic messenger RNA in xenopus oocytes Appendices Index
545 citations