Topic
Transfer hydrogenation
About: Transfer hydrogenation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4154 publications have been published within this topic receiving 124336 citations.
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2,035 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors classified the catalytic cycles for the H2-hydrogenation (H) and transfer hydrogenation (T) of CO and cN bonds catalyzed by over 100 ruthenium hydride complexes in organic and aqueous media.
1,151 citations
TL;DR: In this article, recent trends and developments for the selective hydrogenation of multifunctional molecules are discussed and assessed from the point of view of fine chemicals synthesis, particularly meant for the catalysis specialist.
Abstract: In this overview, recent trends and developments for the selective hydrogenation of multifunctional molecules are discussed and assessed from the point of view of fine chemicals synthesis. In a first part, the design and preparation of catalysts and ligands with interesting properties are summarized, particularly meant for the catalysis specialist. The following topics are described in some detail: How enantioselective homogeneous catalysts are designed and tested; new effective chiral monodentate phosphines; successful bidentate phosphines ligand families (with axially chiral biaryl- and ferrocenyl-based backbones, new phospholanes and with stereogenic phosphorus); novel bidentate ligand families with P-O and P-N bonds; and oxazoline-based ligands. A short overview on immobilized chiral complexes and of the toolbox of heterogeneous catalysis (bimetallic, colloidal and modified catalysts) concludes this chapter. In a second part, progress for selected catalytic transformations and generic selectivity problems is described, intended mainly for the organic chemist who has to solve specific synthetic problems. Emphasis is on the following topics: The enantioselective hydrogenation of olefins with various substitution patterns; the chemo- and enantioselective hydrogenation of ketones; the diastereo- and enantioselective hydrogenation of CN functions; the stereoselective hydrogenation of aromatic rings; chemoselectivity and hydroxylamine accumulation in the reduction of functionalized nitroarenes; chemoselectivity and new protecting groups for catalytic debenzylation; the mild hydrogenation of carboxylic acid derivatives; and the chemoselective hydrogenation of nitriles. In the last parts of the review, transfer hydrogenation and mechanistic issues are discussed, followed by a short conclusions and outlook paragraph.
1,113 citations
1,084 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the use of N-heterocyclic carbene ligands (NHCs) based on imidazolium ions and related heterocycles has emerged as an alternative to phosphines in the design of new organometallic catalysts.
1,044 citations