Showing papers on "Transgender published in 1998"

Second Skins: The Body Narratives of Transsexuality

Abstract: AcknowledgmentsIntroduction: On Transitions -- Changing Bodies, Changing NarrativesPart 1: Bodies1. Judith Butler: Queer Feminism, Transgender, and the Transubstantiation of Sex2. A Skin of One's Own: Toward a Theory of Transsexual EmbodimentPart 2: Narratives3. Mirror Images: Transsexuality and Autobiography4. "Some Primitive Thing Conceived in a Turbulent Age of Transition": The Invert, The Well of Loneliness, and the Narrative Origins of Transexuality5. No Place Like Home: Transgender and Trans-Genre in Leslie Feinberg's Stone Butch BluesEpilogue: Transsexuality in Photography -- Fielding the ReferentNotesIndex

Transgender HIV prevention: A qualitative needs assessment

Abstract: Although clinical experience and preliminary research suggest that some transgender people are at significant risk for HIV, this stigmatized group has so far been largely ignored in HIV prevention. As part of the development of HIV prevention education targeting the transgender population, focus groups of selected transgender individuals assessed their HIV risks and prevention needs. Data were gathered in the following four areas: (1) the impact of HIV/AIDS on transgender persons; (2) risk factors; (3) information and services needed; and (4) recruitment strategies. Findings indicated that HIV/AIDS compounds stigmatization related to transgender identity, interferes with sexual experimentation during the transgender 'coming out' process, and may interfere with obtaining sex reassignment. Identified transgender-specific risk factors include: sexual identity conflict, shame and isolation, secrecy, search for affirmation, compulsive sexual behaviour, prostitution, and sharing needles while injecting hormones. Community involvement, peer education and affirmation of transgender identity were stressed as integral components of a successful intervention. Education of health professionals about transgender identity and sexuality and support groups for transgender people with HIV/AIDS are urgently needed.

Looking Queer: Body Image and Identity in Lesbian, Bisexual, Gay, and Transgender Communities

Abstract: Looking Queer: Body Image in Lesbian, Bisexual, Gay, and Transgender Communities contains research, firsthand accounts, poetry, theory, and journalistic essays that address and outline the special needs of sexual minorities when dealing with eating disorders and appearance obsession. Looking Queer will give members of these communities hope, insight, and information into body image issues, helping you to accept and to love your body. In addition, scholars, health care professionals, and body image activists will not only learn about queer experiences and identity and how they affect individuals, but will also understand how some of the issues involved affect society as a whole. Dismantling the myth that body image issues affect only heterosexual women, Looking Queer explores body issues based on gender, race, class, age, and disability. Furthermore, this groundbreaking book attests to the struggles, pain, and triumph of queer people in an open and comprehensive manner. More than 60 contributors provide their knowledge and personal experiences in dealing with body image issues exclusive to the gay and transgender communities, including: exploring and breaking down the categories of gender and sexuality that are found in many body image issues finding ways to heal yourself and your community discovering what it means to “look like a dyke” or to “look gay” fearing fat as a sign of femininity determining what race has to do with the gay ideal discussing the stereotyped ”double negative”--being a fat lesbian learning strategies of resistance to societal ideals critiquing ”the culture of desire” within gay men’s communities that emphasizes looks above everything elseRevealing new and complex dimensions to body image issues, Looking Queer not only discusses the struggles and hardships of gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgendered persons, but looks at the processes that can lead to acceptance of oneself. Written by both men and women, the topics and research in Looking Queer offer insight into the lives of people you can relate to, enabling you to learn from their experiences so you, too, can find joy and happiness in accepting your body.Visit Dawn Atkin’s website at: http://home.earthlink.net/~dawn_atkins/

Eating disorder in a transgendered patient: A case report

Abstract: This paper reports the case of a 25-year-old biological male transgendered patient referred to a specialist eating disorder service, and presenting with persistent purging, subjective binging, and restricting. She articulated a close link between transgender issues and the development of eating disorder symptoms. By virtue of its emphasis on estrangement from body, biological gender, and expected social role, transgenderism may constitute a risk factor for developing an eating disorder in certain men.

Publicity Traps: Television Talk Shows and Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Visibility

Abstract: The article examines daytime talk shows in the USA where non-conforming genders and sexualities have been public for more than two decades. Using interviews, focus group, video and transcript data,...

Critical Identities: Rethinking Feminism Through Transgender Politics

Abstract: Feminist theory, in both its identity-based and its anti-essentialist versions, has denied the validity of transgendered people's experience. Rather, feminism needs to retheorize its understanding of identity in light of new insights offered by transgendered people's experience into the structural and systemic production of "liminal" or "boundary" conditions within political communities.

Transgender HIV Prevention: Qualitative Evaluation of a Model Prevention Education Program

Abstract: This study employed focus group methodology to evaluate the impact of the first HIV prevention education workshop targeting the transgender community. The impact on AIDS awareness, knowledge, attitudes, and risk reduction; participant satisfaction; and suggestions for program improvement were assessed. Qualitative analysis of the discussion transcript indicated the following: a panel of transgender persons with HIV/AIDS enhanced AIDS awareness and perceived susceptibility to HIV infection, sexual negotiation role-plays facilitated risk reduction by helping participants put knowledge into practice in a transgender-specific context, and assessment of personal risk and the development of an individualized prevention plan appeared effective. Participants suggested paying more attention to the context in which HIV risk occurs, integrating HIV prevention into transgender-specific sexuality education, and diversifying recruitment and intervention strategies to target hard-to-reach subgroups of the transgender po...

Fe/male Trouble: The Unsettling Place of Lesbians in the Self-images of Brazilian Travesti Prostitutes

Abstract: Transgendered prostitutes (travestis) in the Brazilian city of Salvador have strong opinions about lesbians. Although individual travestis maintain cordial relationships with individual lesbians, w...

Sexualities as Social Roles Among Asian- and Pacific Islander American Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender Individuals: Implications for Community-Based Health Education and Prevention

Abstract: Purpose: The aims of this paper are (a) to examine sexualities (especially homosexuality, bisexuality, and transgenderism) and their correlates among Asian- and Pacific Islander (API) Americans, and (b) to explore their implications for community-based health education and prevention targeting API gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender (GLBT) individuals. Study selection: Derived from the literature of human sexuality, sex-roles socialization, and cross-cultural psychology, a framework was developed to examine sexualities as social roles among APIs. Data synthesis: There are three major sections to this article. The first section is a sociohistorical analysis about the diversity of the API communities, followed by a brief review of health beliefs and practices among APIs. The second section examines the framework used to study sexualities among APIs. In the last section, implications for API community-based health education and prevention targeting GLBT individuals are examined in light of a case study. Conclusions: Sexualities among APIs are discussed using a sexualities-as-social-role paradigm. This paradigm emphasizes the powerful influences of cultural forces in articulating social roles or scripts on sexualities. Sexual expression(s) and its correlates (e.g., identity) among API GLBT individuals are the product of a “relational” rather than a “linear” process—a premise that differentiates it from the “sexual script theory.” A fact-based case study was used to illustrate the various concepts of the paradigm.

Constructing transsexuality: Discursive manoeuvres through psycho-medical, transgender, and queer texts

Abstract: Acknow ledgements

HIV risks among women in contact with Sydney's gay and lesbian community

Abstract: In February 1996, 585 women completed a survey questionnaire about HIV risk practices: 496 were recruited at the Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras Fair Day and a further 89 at other community venues and clinics. Twenty-seven respondents (5%) were transgender. In sexual orientation, 58% thought of themselves as lesbian/homosexual, 15% as bisexual and 21% as heterosexual. Asked whether they had ever had sex with a gay or bisexual man, 159 women (26%) said they had; 42 women (7%) had done so in the past six months. About 1% of the lesbians said they had had sex with a gay or bisexual man in the past six months, as had 6% of the heterosexual women and 29% of the bisexual women. Twenty women (3%) had had unprotected vaginal or anal sex with a male gay or bisexual partner (regular or casual) in the past six months. Fifty-five women (9%) had done sex work in the past six months. Seventy-one women (12%) said they had injected drugs in the past six months. Forty women had injected drugs with a gay or bisexual man and eight had shared equipment. For a case of so-called 'heterosexual' transmission of HIV to occur, neither person need be heterosexual. Bisexual groups may be a useful locus in which to provide safe-sex information and support. Sterile needles and safe drug-using advice should be available through gay and lesbian health services as well as through mainstream services. (author abstract)

Some Critical Reflections on the Transgender Theory of Kate Bornstein

Abstract: This article critically engages aspects of Kate Bornstein's transgender theory as found in Gender Outlaw. Drawing on recent work in Lacanian psychoanalysis, and on insights from Bornstein's account, I pose questions about the ways in which sex, gender, desire, and subjectivity are theorized.

The Local, The Regional, And The Global In Southeast Asian Transgender Subcultures

Abstract: Mark Johnson. Beauty and power: transgendering and cultural transformation in the southern Philippines. Oxford: Berg. 1997. 264 pp. £34.99 (hardback); £14.99 (paperback).

Exploring Gay Male Erotic Art: An Interview with Edward Lucie-Smith

Abstract: The last twenty-five years have seen the emergence of a transnational gay/lesbian/bisexual/transgender (GLBT)/queer cultural movement unprecedented historically in its scope and openness. This interview with British art historian and critic Edward Lucie-Smith examines the role of gay male erotic art and film within that movement. Taking its start from the centrality of same-sex sexual orientation to the sense of gay identity and the importance of erotic art in validating that identity, it explores the historical, psychological, and social significance of a branch of visual art that until recent decades was not even acknowledged to exist, much less considered an appropriate subject of scholarly interest. By discussing gay male erotic art within a serious art-historical context, the article aims at providing a framework for examining the topic more systematically within the GLBT/queer studies domain.

Beyond Oppression: Opening the Door to Lesbian, Gay, Transgender & Bisexual Youth.

Abstract: DOCUMENT RESUME

A Look at the Challenges Facing Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender Youth

Abstract: No matter the grades in your school; the settings in which your students live; or your own personal beliefs about gays, lesbians, bisexuals and transgender persons, this special section gives professional school counselors an in-depth look at the challenges faced by 10 percent of every student body in every school in every district in the country Previous to this edition only five articles have appeared in the history of the American School Counselor Association's journals One of these articles reinforced myths and stereotypes-myths that developed over time to create a false sense that heterosexuality is the only "normal" and therefore "acceptable" way of being and stereotypes that have been proven inaccurate by empirical research This special issue empowers professional school counselors because it provides them with accurate information, helpful and practical strategies, and a foundation of understanding that in our role as counselors we ethically must advocate for all students-even the last of the forgotten students, sexual minority youth Knowing is important Empathy conveys concerns But dialogue conveys knowledge and knowledge conveys understandingWe are challenged to advocate for each student we serve regardless of their status or situation This issue of Professional School Counseling offers articles which shed light on a significantly large group of students within our schools-students whose social/emotional, personal, and academic needs often go unmet Rita Marinoble writes that sexual minority youth develop a blind spot that ultimately hides an important part of themselves-their sexual orientation Marinoble focuses the reader's attention by poignantly illustrating the needs of sexual minority youth, while offering many practical methods to help them meet their needs Janet Fontaine profoundly articulates school counselors' attitudes and experiences with sexual minority youth in a new empirical study that extends the focus while increasing the motivation of concerned professional school counselors Janet Black and Jackie Underwood write about an often hidden minority within the already hidden minority-lesbians They also discuss homophobia, an important element in honestly identifying the beliefs of individuals and institutions Homophobia is an internal and external dynamic designed to keep both individuals and groups uninformed and of narrow perceptionsThese writers list 13 direct intervention strategies, 11 staff development strategies, and 10 school environment strategies, all of which are designed to help the professional school counselor help gay youth and help the larger school community Barry Chung and Motoni Katayama write about another sub-grouping of sexual orientation minority youth-AsianAmerican lesbian and gay adolescents …

Country watch: Europe.

Abstract: In Austria Germany Italy and the Netherlands the Transnational AIDS/STD (sexually transmitted diseases) Prevention Among Migrant Prostitutes in Europe Project (TAMPEP) is working with 23 groups of female and transgender sex workers who have migrated from Africa Eastern Europe Latin America and Southeast Asia. TAMPEP uses cultural mediators and peer educators and also offers prostitutes seminars workshops and other field activities to empower them and create an environment that supports safer sex behavior. Because sex workers migrate new peer educators are continuously trained. The most successful peer educators are leaders of their target group; exhibit some knowledge of health educational talents and excellent communication skills; and are highly ambitious and motivated. TAMPEP spends 2-3 months selecting training and following-up peer educators. Peer educators receive a small fee while undergoing training and they participate in course design. The peer educators receive a certificate upon completion of the course. Cultural mediators conduct follow-up by supporting the peer educators as they assume their new role providing additional information and materials and facilitating contacts with public health personnel. Lessons learned the programs first five years reveal that peer education programs should: 1) be part of a broader effort to improve conditions for migrant sex workers 2) be conducted by autonomous community-based organizations and 3) continuously adapt to change.

The kids are all right.

Abstract: This article presents excerpts of a conversation by four young people gathered at an East Village Institute in New York for gay lesbian bisexual and transgender youth. They talked about pride whether it is safe to be out whether the media adequately represents them how HIV impacts them and what kind of support they would like from the larger sexually diverse community.