Transgender

About: Transgender is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 13813 publications have been published within this topic receiving 266252 citations. The topic is also known as: transgender & transgender persons.

Approaches to Research on Intersectionality: Perspectives on Gender, LGBT, and Racial/Ethnic Identities

Abstract: Intersectionality theories, or the recognition of multiple interlocking identities, defined by relative sociocultural power and privilege, constitute a vital step forward in research across multiple domains of inquiry. This special issue, which extends Shields (2008) contribution in Sex Roles, provides an opportunity to reflect on past, present, and future promise in intersectionality scholarship. To provide a common ground for this work, each paper in this special issue addresses the intersections of gender; lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT); and racial/ethnic identities and related experiences. In this introduction, we (1) provide an overview of definitions and conceptualizations of intersectionality, (2) discuss the various approaches utilized in this issue to conceptualize and assess gender, LGBT, and racial/ethnic identities, (3) describe how these conceptualizations and assessments were translated into analyses of intersectionality, and (4) close with a discussion of some additional approaches and considerations intended to advance intersectionality research.

Sex work and HIV status among transgender women: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Abstract: Transgender women are a key risk group for HIV and epidemiologic studies have attributed high rates of HIV infection to behaviors associated with sex work in this population. This systematic review compared HIV prevalence among transgender female sex workers (TFSWs) with prevalence among transgender women who do not engage in sex work male sex workers and biologically female sex workers. We conducted systematic searches of 6 electronic databases and including studies that met pre-established criteria. We extracted data appraised methodologic quality assessed heterogeneity and organized meta-analyses by comparison group. We identified 25 studies among 6405 participants recruited from 14 countries. Overall crude HIV prevalence was 27.3% in TFSWs 14.7% in transgender women not engaging in sex work 15.1% in male sex workers and 4.5% in female sex workers. Metaanalysis indicated that TFSWs experienced significantly higher risk for HIV infection in comparison to all other groups (relative risk[RR] = 1.46 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02 to 2.09) and particularly in comparison to female sex workers (RR = 4.02 95% CI: 1.60 to 10.11). We observed significant heterogeneity among the included studies along with methodologic limitations and imprecise definitions of sex work and gender. TFSWs could benefit from targeted HIV prevention interventions HIV testing and interventions to help reduce the risk of contracting or transmitting HIV. Structural interventions to reduce reliance on sex work among transgender women may be warranted. (authors)

Interpersonal and Systemic Microaggressions Toward Transgender People: Implications for Counseling

Abstract: This study utilized a qualitative method with transgender female and male participants (N = 9) to identify types of microaggressions, or subtle forms of discrimination, that transgender people experience. Twelve categories of microaggressions were identified: (a) use of transphobic and/or incorrectly gendered terminology, (b) assumption of universal transgender experience, (c) exoticization, (d) discomfort/disapproval of transgender experience, (e) endorsement of gender normative and binary culture or behaviors, (f) denial of existence of transphobia, (g) assumption of sexual pathology/abnormality, (h) physical threat or harassment, (i) denial of individual transphobia, (j) denial of bodily privacy, (k) familial microaggressions, and (l) systemic and environmental microaggressions. Implications for counseling are discussed.

The GLSEN 2001 National School Climate Survey: The School-Related Experiences of Our Nation's Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Youth.

Abstract: This paper presents data from the 2001 National School Climate Survey on school-related experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) students. LGBT students described experiences of homophobic remarks; verbal, physical, and sexual harassment; and comfort within their schools. They described experiences with racial and sexual harassment and feeling unsafe because of sexual orientation, gender expression, religion, or disability and discussed school-based resources and supports. For many respondents, schools were an unsafe and dangerous place where homophobic remarks could frequently be heard, often by faculty and staff. Most respondents reported being verbally harassed because of their sexual orientation or gender expression. A large number reported experiencing incidents of physical harassment, physical assault, and sexual harassment. Transgender students reported feeling particularly vulnerable because of their gender expression. Certain schools provided resources to improve LGBT students' quality of life. Many schools had gay-straight alliances, and LGET people, history, and events were mentioned in classroom curricula. Nevertheless, the number of youth reporting acts of harassment and victimization far outweighed the number of youth reporting such resources. Results underscored the importance of asking youth about their experiences with all forms of prejudice. (Contains 68 figures and 2 tables.) (SM) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document.

COMING OUT AND CROSSING OVER Identity Formation and Proclamation in a Transgender Community

Abstract: Drawing on data from interviews with 65 masculine-to-feminine transgenderists, the authors examine the coming-out experiences of transgendered individuals. Drawing on the literature that shows gender to be an inherent component of the social infrastructure that at an individual level is accomplished in interaction with others, they demonstrate that interactional challenges to gender are insufficient to challenge the system of gender. Whereas many transgenderists believe that their actions and identities are radical challenges to the binary system of gender, in fact, the majority of such individuals reinforce and reify the system they hope to change.