scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question

Showing papers on "Transient (oscillation) published in 2007"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a solution to the present bulky external capacitor low-dropout (LDO) voltage regulators with an external capacitorless LDO architecture, where the large external capacitor used in typical LDOs is removed allowing for greater power system integration for system-on-chip (SoC) applications.
Abstract: This paper proposes a solution to the present bulky external capacitor low-dropout (LDO) voltage regulators with an external capacitorless LDO architecture. The large external capacitor used in typical LDOs is removed allowing for greater power system integration for system-on-chip (SoC) applications. A compensation scheme is presented that provides both a fast transient response and full range alternating current (AC) stability from 0- to 50-mA load current even if the output load is as high as 100 pF. The 2.8-V capacitorless LDO voltage regulator with a power supply of 3 V was fabricated in a commercial 0.35-mum CMOS technology, consuming only 65 muA of ground current with a dropout voltage of 200 mV. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed capacitorless LDO architecture overcomes the typical load transient and ac stability issues encountered in previous architectures.

484 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a new direct power control (DPC) strategy for a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind turbine system is proposed, which eliminates active and reactive power errors within each fixed time period.
Abstract: This paper proposes a new direct power control (DPC) strategy for a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind turbine system. The required rotor control voltage, which eliminates active and reactive power errors within each fixed time period, is directly calculated based on stator flux, rotor position, and active and reactive powers and their corresponding errors. No extra power or current control loops are required, simplifying the system design, and improving transient performance. Constant converter switching frequency is achieved that eases the design of the power converter and the ac harmonic filter. Rotor voltage limit during transients is investigated, and a scheme is proposed that prioritizes the active and reactive power control such that one remains fully controlled while the error of the other is reduced. The impact of machine parameter variations on system performance is investigated and found negligible. Simulation results for a 2 MW DFIG system demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed control strategy during variations of active and reactive power, machine parameters, and wind speed

360 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: P predictive direct power control (P-DPC) is proposed, a new control approach where the well-knowndirect power control is combined with predictive selection of a voltage-vectors' sequence, obtaining both high transient dynamics and a constant-switching frequency.
Abstract: This paper proposes predictive direct power control (P-DPC), a new control approach where the well-known direct power control is combined with predictive selection of a voltage-vectors' sequence, obtaining both high transient dynamics and a constant-switching frequency. The developed P-DPC version is based on an optimal application of three voltage vectors in a symmetrical way, which is the so-called symmetrical 3 + 3 vectors' sequence. The simulation and experimental results of the P-DPC are compared to standard voltage-oriented control (VOC) strategies in a grid-connected three-phase voltage-source inverter under 400-V 15-kVA operation conditions. The P-DPC improves the transient response and keeps the steady-state harmonic spectrum at the same level as the VOC strategies. Due to its high transient capability and its constant-switching behavior, the P-DPC could become an interesting alternative to standard VOC techniques for grid-connected converters

306 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a time-resolved analysis of threshold voltage and resistance in phase-change memory (PCM) is presented, where the authors show that the threshold voltage for electronic switching of the amorphous chalcogenide determines the boundary between programming and readout operation.
Abstract: The electronic behavior of the chalcogenide material used in phase-change memory (PCM) plays a key role in defining the operation voltages and times of the memory cell. In particular, the threshold voltage for electronic switching of the amorphous chalcogenide determines the boundary between programming and readout operation, while its resistance allows the recognition of the bit status. This paper present a time-resolved analysis of threshold voltage and resistance in a PCM. Both dynamics of threshold voltage and resistance display a fast transient, named recovery behavior, in the first 30 ns after programming. A slower, nonsaturating drift transient is found for longer times. The two transients are discussed referring to electronic and structural rearrangements in the amorphous chalcogenide. Finally, the impact on the device level is considered

277 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a detailed transformation procedure is presented from six-mass drive train model to two-mass model, which can be used in the analysis of transient stability simulation with sufficient accuracy.
Abstract: A huge number of wind generators are going to be connected with the existing network in the near future. Therefore it is necessary to analyse the transient stability of power systems, including wind turbine generator systems (WTGS). It has already been reported that one-mass or lumped model of wind turbine system is insufficient to analyse the transient behaviour of WTGS. It has also been reported that for the precise transient analysis of WTGS, a six-mass drive train model is needed. The reduced order models (three-mass and two-mass) have also been adopted so far for transient behaviour analysis. But the transient stability analysis of using six-mass, three-mass and two-mass drive train models has not been reported sufficiently so far in the literature. The authors have conducted an analysis using these methods. First, a detailed transformation procedure is presented from six-mass drive train model to two-mass model, which can be used in the analysis of transient stability simulation with sufficient accuracy. It is then determined which drive train model is appropriate for transient stability analysis of grid-connected WTGS. The effects of drive train parameters (such as inertia constant, spring constant and damping constant) on stability are examined using the above mentioned types of drive train models. Moreover, different types of symmetrical and asymmetrical faults at different wind generator power levels are considered in the simulation analyses with and without considering damping constants in six-mass, three-mass and two-mass shaft models. Considering the simulation results, it can be concluded that two-mass shaft model is sufficient for the transient stability analysis of WTGS.

240 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a new control algorithm is proposed to achieve optimal dynamic performance for dc-to-dc converters under a load current change and for a given set of circuit parameters, such as the output inductor, output capacitor, switching frequency, input voltage, and output voltage.
Abstract: In this paper, a new control algorithm is proposed to achieve optimal dynamic performance for dc-to-dc converters under a load current change and for a given set of circuit parameters, such as the output inductor, output capacitor, switching frequency, input voltage, and output voltage. Using the concept of capacitor charge balance, the proposed algorithm predicts the optimal transient response for a dc-to-dc converter during a large signal load current change. During steady state operation, conventional current mode proportional-integral-derivative (PID) is used. During large signal transient conditions, the new control algorithm takes over. The equations needed to calculate the transient time and the required duty cycle series are presented. By using the proposed algorithm, the optimal transient performances, including the smallest output voltage overshoot/undershoot and the shortest recovery time, is achieved. In addition, since the large signal dynamic response of the power converter is successfully predicted, the large signal stability is guaranteed. Experimental results show that the proposed method produces superior dynamic performance over a conventional current mode PID controller.

224 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a voltage-type Z-source inverter has been shown to exhibit both steady-state voltage buck and boost capabilities using a unique LC impedance network coupled between the power source and converter circuit.
Abstract: The newly proposed Z-Source inverter has been proven in the literature to exhibit both steady-state voltage buck and boost capabilities using a unique LC impedance network coupled between the power source and converter circuit. This paper now presents transient modeling and analysis of a voltage-type Z-source inverter. These aspects are found to be challenging and they need to be carefully investigated before attempting to design advanced control algorithms for controlling the Z-source inverter. Through detailed analysis, the paper identifies several phenomena on the dc and ac-sides of the inverter, which would result in the inverter having a non-minimum-phase transient response. The dc-side phenomenon is associated with the Z-source impedance network, which is shown through small-signal and signal-flow-graph analyses to be having a right-half-plane zero in its control-to-output transfer function. Also, the ac-side phenomenon is shown through space vector analysis to depend on the time intervals of inverter states used for reconstructing the desired inverter output voltage. Based on the ac vectorial analysis, a method for improving the inverter transient response is also presented. Last, simulation results obtained using a switching-functional model and experimental results obtained using a laboratory prototype are presented for validating the described theoretical concepts

215 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the generation and propagation of single event transients (SET) in SOI inverter chains with different designs is measured and modeled in a single-input single-output (SISO) system.
Abstract: The generation and propagation of single event transients (SET) is measured and modeled in SOI inverter chains with different designs. SET propagation in inverter chains induces significant modifications of the transient width. In some cases, a "propagation-induced pulse broadening" (PIPB) effect is observed. Initially narrow transients, less than 200 ps at the struck node, are progressively broadened up to the nanosecond range, with the degree of broadening dependent on the transistor design and the length of propagation. The chain design (transistor size and load) is shown to have a major impact on the transient width modification.

137 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of data and model error on ITA results have been explored, including strategies to minimize their effects using model error compensation techniques and ITA implementation approaches.
Abstract: Fluid transients result in a substantial amount of data as pressure waves propagate throughout pipes. A new generation of leak detection and pipe roughness calibration techniques has arisen to exploit those data. Using the interactions of transient waves with leaks, the detection, location, and quantification of leakage using a combination of transient analysis and inverse mathematics is possible using inverse transient analysis (ITA). This paper presents further development of ITA and experimental observations for leak detection in a laboratory pipeline. The effects of data and model error on ITA results have been explored including strategies to minimize their effects using model error compensation techniques and ITA implementation approaches. The shape of the transient is important for successful application of ITA. A rapid input transient (which may be of small magnitude) contains maximum system response information, thus improving the uniqueness and quality of the ITA solution. The effect of using he...

126 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the fastest and most prudent ways of changing the output power level of a solid oxide fuel cell power plant connected to the ac-grid are explored in terms of the concept of feasible operating area of a cell.
Abstract: The fastest and yet most prudent ways of changing the output power level of a solid oxide fuel cell power plant connected to the ac-grid are explored. The operating state of the fuel cell power plant is examined in term of the concept of feasible operating area of a cell. The utilization factor of the cell stack is maintained constant in steady-state by feeding natural gas to the fuel processor at a rate proportional to the current drawn from the stack. The fluctuations of the utilization factor in the transient state due to a change in operating power level can be constrained to the allowable range by strategically controlling the current drawn by the power conditioning unit. Based on measured variables and dynamic characteristics of the fuel processor, four strategies of controlling current are compared to arrive at the strategy that results in minimum transient time for a given power change. The proposed control schemes are verified through computer simulations.

111 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an effective and simple resonance damping method is proposed by employing a closed-loop control with an embedded two-step Posicast controller, which has been extensively tested on a 10-kV DVR system.
Abstract: An area of interest for dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) research is the damping of transient oscillations initiated at the start and at the recovery instant from a voltage sag. Nonlinear loads, with harmonic currents close to the DVR filter resonance frequency, can also excite the resonance oscillations. To compensate voltage sags and dampen high-frequency oscillations simultaneously, an investigation of the transient response of DVR is first carried out. Possible control schemes and their effects on the oscillation attenuation are also studied. Such studied control schemes include the commonly used single voltage loop control, voltage feedback plus reference feedforward control, and double-loop control with an outer voltage loop and an inner current loop. Subsequently, an effective and simple resonance damping method is proposed by employing a closed-loop control with an embedded two-step Posicast controller. The proposed control methods have been extensively tested on a 10-kV DVR system. It is shown that the proposed damping methods improve both the transient and steady-state performance of the DVR.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Sep 2007
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed fault detection of line-connected induction machines using complex vector wavelets to analyze the transient stator currents during startup, which is characterized by large stator (and rotor) currents as well as by large slips (i.e., the rotor speed is significantly smaller than the excitation frequency).
Abstract: Fault detection of line-connected induction machines using complex vector wavelets to analyze the transient stator currents during startup is proposed in this paper. When a machine is connected to the line, the startup transient is characterized by large stator (and rotor) currents as well as by large slips (i.e., the rotor speed is significantly smaller than the excitation frequency). The stator current of machines with damaged rotors includes large rotor speed dependent components during the startup transient. Such components, however, fade away or coincide with components not containing fault-related information (e.g., saturation-induced components) once the machine reaches steady state. Because of this, the startup transient provides an opportunity for performing diagnostics on the machine. This paper shows that the information contained in the startup transient signal can be effectively separated and detected using a complex vector wavelet transform.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
17 Jun 2007
TL;DR: A resonant boost topology suitable for very-high-frequency (VHF, 30-300 MHz) DC-DC power conversion is presented, thereby eliminating magnetic core loss and introducing the possibility of easy integration.
Abstract: This document presents a resonant boost topology suitable for very high frequency (VHF, 30-300 MHz) dc-dc power conversion. The proposed design features low device stress, high efficiency over a wide load range, and excellent transient performance. Two experimental prototypes have been built and evaluated. One is a 110 MHz, 23 W converter which uses a high performance rf LDMOSFET. The converter achieves higher than 87% efficiency at nominal input and output voltages, and maintains good efficiency down to 5% of full load. The second implementation, aimed towards integration, is a 50 MHz 17 W converter which uses a transistor from a 50 V integrated power process. In addition, two resonant gate drive schemes suitable for VHF operation are presented, both of which provide rapid startup and low-loss operation. Both converters regulate the output using high-bandwidth on-off hysteretic control, which enables fast transient response and efficient light-load operation. The low energy storage requirements of the converters allow the use of coreless inductors in both designs, thereby eliminating magnetic core loss and introducing the possibility of easy integration.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, wavelet transforms are used in revealing the transient features of the resonant bending vibrations, which are set up for a short duration of time upon transient torsional excitation.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper presents a synchronization technique for power quality instruments based on a single-phase software phase-locked loop (PLL), which is able to perform the synchronization, even in the presence of such disturbances.
Abstract: Power quality instrumentation requires accurate fundamental frequency estimation and signal synchronization, even in the presence of both stationary and transient disturbances. In this paper, the authors present a synchronization technique for power quality instruments based on a single-phase software phase-locked loop (PLL), which is able to perform the synchronization, even in the presence of such disturbances. Moreover, PLL is able to detect the occurrence of a transient disturbance. To evaluate if and how the synchronization technique is adversely affected by the application of stationary and transient disturbing influences, appropriate testing conditions have been developed, taking into account the requirements of the in-force standards and the presence of the voltage transducer.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the applicability of closed form expressions for the ground impedance and ground admittance of buried horizontal wires (bare and insulated) for lightning or switching transient analyses based on transmission line (TL) theory is investigated.
Abstract: The paper investigates the applicability of some closed form expressions for the ground impedance and ground admittance of buried horizontal wires (bare and insulated) for lightning or switching transient analyses based on transmission line (TL) theory. In view of the frequency contents that typically characterize such transients, the behavior of the ground impedance and admittance is studied for a wide frequency range up to 10 MHz. Low frequency approximation of the ground impedance is not always appropriate for transient analysis. Sensitivity analyses show that, unlike overhead wires, the ground impedance for buried wires is little sensitive to the ground conductivity. On the other hand, the ground admittance varies strongly with the ground conductivity. The paper also discusses the results of transient analysis of buried cables performed by means of electromagnetic transient programs (EMTP) that neglect the ground admittance. The limits of such an approximation are discussed in order to evaluate the applicability of EMTP-like programs to the transient analysis of buried conductors. Transient pulse propagation in time domain based on finite difference time domain (FDTD) method of solution of TL equations is also discussed for a future inclusion of non-linear phenomena, like soil ionization and arcing/breakdown mechanisms, in the soil. The analysis presented could be useful in estimating surge propagation characteristics of buried wires for appropriate insulation coordination and transient protection.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: To predict the electromagnetic performances of the machine more accurately, a new transient cosimulation approach considering indirect field-circuit coupling is proposed, which is not only more efficient and flexible, but also more accurate and stable, which can be used in analyzing other electric machine and drive systems.
Abstract: This paper presents a hybrid excited doubly salient (HEDS) machine, which can be used as the integrated starter-generator (ISG) for modern automobile and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). The key of the proposed machine is to incorporate both direct current (dc) field windings and permanent magnets (PMs) in the stator, hence, offering a compact arrangement of hybrid field excitations, while the rotor is simply composed of salient poles without windings or PMs. The air-gap flux can be strengthened or weakened with a reasonable dc field current so that the electromagnetic torque and induced electromotive force (EMF) can be effectively regulated. To predict the electromagnetic performances of the machine more accurately, a new transient cosimulation approach considering indirect field-circuit coupling is proposed. Experimental results on a prototype machine have been given to verify the technique. The method is not only more efficient and flexible, but also more accurate and stable, which can also be used in analyzing other electric machine and drive systems

Journal ArticleDOI
24 Jun 2007
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss power system instability and the importance of fast fault clearing performance to aid in reliable production of power, including synchronizing and damping torques, and the power angle curve is used to illustrate how fault clearing time and high initial response excitation systems can affect transient stability.
Abstract: This paper discusses power system instability and the importance of fast fault clearing performance to aid in reliable production of power. Explanation is provided regarding small signal stability, high impedance transmission lines, line loading, and high gain, fast acting excitation systems. Transient stability is discussed, including synchronizing and damping torques. The power angle curve is used to illustrate how fault clearing time and high initial response excitation systems can affect transient stability. The term, "power system stability" has become increasingly popular in generation and transmission. The sudden requirement for power system stabilizers has created confusion about their applicability, purpose, and benefit to the system. This paper discusses the fundamentals of the power system stabilizer and its effectiveness. In today's paper industry, power system stabilizers are being applied on larger machines in the Northwest United States and Canada.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of using accelerated boundary conditions and of uncertainties in the initial state was investigated for long-term transient paleoclimate modeling, showing that the acceleration can have a significant impact on the local climate history.
Abstract: The earth system model of intermediate complexity ECBilt-CLIO has been used for transient simulations of the last deglaciation and the Holocene. The forcing effects of the ice sheets, greenhouse gas concentrations, and orbital configurations are prescribed as time-varying boundary conditions. In this study two key aspects of the transient simulations are investigated, which are of broader relevance for long-term transient paleoclimate modeling: the effect of using accelerated boundary conditions and of uncertainties in the initial state. Simulations with nonaccelerated boundary conditions and an acceleration factor 10 were integrated. These simulations show that the acceleration can have a significant impact on the local climate history. In the outcropping regions of the high southern latitudes and the convective regions in the North Atlantic, the acceleration leads to damped and delayed temperature response to the boundary conditions. Furthermore, uncertainties in the initial state can strongly ...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the qd model, phase-domain model, and voltage-behind-reactance model are compared for unsymmetrical operation of a single-machine infinite-bus system.
Abstract: This paper re-examines the three synchronous machine modeling techniques used for electromagnetic transient simulations, namely, the qd model, phase-domain model, and voltage-behind-reactance model. Contrary to the claims made in several recent publications, these models are all equivalent in the continuous-time domain, as their corresponding differential equations can be algebraically derived from each other. Computer studies of a single-machine infinite-bus system demonstrate that all of these models can be used for unsymmetrical operation of power systems. The conversion of machine parameters is also discussed and is shown to have some impact on simulation accuracy, which is acceptable for most cases. When the models are discretized and interfaced with an EMTP-type network solution, the voltage-behind-reactance model is shown to be the most accurate due to its advanced structure.


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Sep 2007
TL;DR: In this paper, a nonlinear transient circuit model of the three-phase flying capacitor converters is presented for the analytical determination of the natural voltage balancing dynamics of the converters.
Abstract: This paper presents a new strategy for the analytical determination of the natural voltage balancing dynamics of three-phase flying capacitor converters. The approach substitutes double Fourier series representations of the pulsewidth modulation switching signals into a nonlinear transient circuit model of the three-phase converter. This results in a linearized state space model with the Fourier coefficients of the modulation strategy defining the state space matrix terms. The state space model can be readily developed for converters of any level and allows for the rapid analytical investigation of the dynamic (and static) balancing behavior over a wide range of operating conditions. Furthermore, the approach allows powerful linear analysis strategies such as root-locus methods to be used to investigate the converter performance as a function of changes in parameters, such as modulation index and load. The analysis approach has been fully verified by comparison with experimental results obtained on a low-voltage three-phase prototype converter.

Journal ArticleDOI
Hua Meng1
TL;DR: In this paper, a transient two-phase non-isothermal PEM fuel cell model was developed based on the previously established two phase mixed-domain approach, which is capable of solving two phases of flow and heat transfer simultaneously.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, it is shown that during transient resonance capture the two oscillators are in a state of resonance, the frequency of which varies with time, which leads to targeted nonlinear energy transfer.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the use of a down-sampled rate and fewer poles in the internal model results in a number of benefits, among which are improvement of the transient response and increase of the stability margin of the closed-loop system.
Abstract: This paper proposes a down-sampled discrete-time internal-model-based controller in the synchronous reference frame with a reduced number of poles. This controller is suitable for three-phase pulsewidth modulation inverters with output transformer for double-conversion uninterruptible power supply applications. It is demonstrated that the use of a down-sampled rate and fewer poles in the internal model results in a number of benefits, among which are the following: 1) improvement of the transient response; 2) increase of the stability margin of the closed-loop system; 3) a straightforward implementation in fixed-point digital signal processor (DSP) and microcontroller implementation as well as a reduction of the required memory space; and 4) a simple solution for the saturation of the output transformer. As a result, it is possible to obtain output voltages with reduced total harmonic distortion while ensuring good transient performance for both linear and nonlinear loads. To confirm the advantages claimed for the proposed synchronous reference dq frame internal-model-based controller and to demonstrate the steady-state and transient performance under the test conditions of the International electrotechnical commission standard 62040-3, the experimental results from a 10-kVA space-vector-modulated three-phase inverter, which is fully controlled by a DSP TMS320F241, are presented.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of transient dynamic loading on flexible pavements was estimated, where a transient dynamic load model was successfully incorporated into a three-dimensional finite element model, and dynamic flexible pavement responses to one pass of a heavy vehicular load through a dual-tire assembly were calculated.
Abstract: The effect of transient dynamic loading on flexible pavements was estimated. Transient dynamic loads within a tire-to-pavement contact area are characterized by continuously increasing or decreasing local dynamic contact stresses, depending on vehicle speed. A transient dynamic load model was successfully incorporated into a three-dimensional finite element model. Dynamic flexible pavement responses to one pass of a heavy vehicular load through a dual-tire assembly were calculated. Results of this study indicate that the flexible pavement response at different pavement temperatures varies depending on whether the analysis was quasi-static or dynamic, where the mass inertia and damping forces by the transient local dynamic loads are considered in the equation of motion. Results also show that the time-dependent history of the calculated pavement responses in the dynamic analysis is more comparable to measurements in the field. The transverse and longitudinal tensile strains at the bottom of the hot-mix asphalt and the compressive stress at the top of the subgrade are underestimated when the mass inertia and damping forces exerted by the transient local dynamic load are ignored.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a finite element calculation of tungsten was used to determine the operating temperature of ITER-grade W under transient heat loads of 0.2 GW/m2 for 0.5 milliseconds.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the impact of different SSSC control modes on small-signal and transient stability of a power system was investigated and the performance of different input signals to the power oscillation damping (POD) controller was also assessed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, micro thin film thermocouples (TFTCs) with a high spatial and temporal resolution were fabricated on electroplated nickel substrates and used to measure transient surface temperatures in nanosecond pulsed laser micromachining by ablation.
Abstract: In order to investigate the complicated transient thermal phenomena in laser micromachining, it is essential to accurately measure time-resolved temperatures of workpiece resulted from the transient laser–material interaction. While numerous analytic and numerical models have been developed, little experimental results are available for a solid understanding of transient thermal phenomena in nanosecond pulsed laser micromachining. In this paper, micro thin film thermocouples (TFTCs) with a high spatial and temporal resolution were fabricated on electroplated nickel substrates and used to measure transient surface temperatures in nanosecond pulsed laser micromachining by ablation. Transient temperatures were successfully measured, and the effect of laser energy fluences on peak temperatures was experimentally investigated. This study demonstrates that the micro TFTCs can be useful in measuring the transient temperatures micrometers away from the laser–material interaction region on the workpiece during laser micromachining, and the measured data could be utilized to validate and improve existing analytical and numerical models.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Simulation results show that the proposed dynamic state estimation technique is based on the use of voltage and current phasors obtained from a phasor measurement unit supposed to be installed on the extra-high voltage side of the substation of a power plant, together with a multilayer perceptron trained off-line from simulations.