Topic
Transplantation
About: Transplantation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 276584 publications have been published within this topic receiving 7961661 citations.
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TL;DR: In lipoatrophic A-ZIP/F1 ‘fatless’ mice, and in mice treated with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ inhibitor bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, marrow engraftment after irradiation is accelerated relative to wild-type or untreated mice, suggesting that antagonizing marrow adipogenesis may enhance haematopoietic recovery in clinical bone-marrow transplantation.
Abstract: Osteoblasts and endothelium constitute functional niches that support haematopoietic stem cells in mammalian bone marrow. Adult bone marrow also contains adipocytes, the number of which correlates inversely with the haematopoietic activity of the marrow. Fatty infiltration of haematopoietic red marrow follows irradiation or chemotherapy and is a diagnostic feature in biopsies from patients with marrow aplasia. To explore whether adipocytes influence haematopoiesis or simply fill marrow space, we compared the haematopoietic activity of distinct regions of the mouse skeleton that differ in adiposity. Here we show, by flow cytometry, colony-forming activity and competitive repopulation assay, that haematopoietic stem cells and short-term progenitors are reduced in frequency in the adipocyte-rich vertebrae of the mouse tail relative to the adipocyte-free vertebrae of the thorax. In lipoatrophic A-ZIP/F1 'fatless' mice, which are genetically incapable of forming adipocytes, and in mice treated with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma inhibitor bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, which inhibits adipogenesis, marrow engraftment after irradiation is accelerated relative to wild-type or untreated mice. These data implicate adipocytes as predominantly negative regulators of the bone-marrow microenvironment, and indicate that antagonizing marrow adipogenesis may enhance haematopoietic recovery in clinical bone-marrow transplantation.
949 citations
TL;DR: A large number of patients in single‐center studies and incomplete ascertainment of cases in large registries suggest that cancer after kidney transplantation is a major cause of death in these patients.
948 citations
TL;DR: Findings raise hope for the development of stem cell therapies in human neurodegenerative disorders and need to know much more about how to control stem cell proliferation and differentiation into specific phenotypes, induce their integration into existing neural and synaptic circuits, and optimize functional recovery in animal models closely resembling the human disease.
Abstract: Recent progress shows that neurons suitable for transplantation can be generated from stem cells in culture, and that the adult brain produces new neurons from its own stem cells in response to injury. These findings raise hope for the development of stem cell therapies in human neurodegenerative disorders. Before clinical trials are initiated, we need to know much more about how to control stem cell proliferation and differentiation into specific phenotypes, induce their integration into existing neural and synaptic circuits, and optimize functional recovery in animal models closely resembling the human disease.
948 citations
TL;DR: The findings reported here suggest that the PCL NFS is a practical carrier for MSC transplantation, and represents a candidate scaffold for cell-based tissue engineering approaches to cartilage repair.
944 citations
TL;DR: Analysis of the genetic and molecular pathophysiology of these syndromes have improved the understanding of the crosstalk between lymphocytes and histiocytes and their regulatoty mechanisms, and it is essential to initiate appropriate treatment and improve the quality of life and survival of patients with this challenging disorder.
938 citations