Topic
Transport phenomena
About: Transport phenomena is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4768 publications have been published within this topic receiving 136132 citations. The topic is also known as: transport theory.
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TL;DR: A detailed review of current research in the field of transport phenomena and membrane assisted transport processes is provided in this paper, where the relationships between membrane characteristics, polymer structure and separation efficacy are treated in detail.
709 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive non-isothermal, three-dimensional computational model of a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell has been developed and implemented into a computational fluid dynamics code, and simulations are presented with an emphasis on the physical insight and fundamental understanding afforded by the detailed threedimensional distributions of reactant concentrations, current densities, temperature and water fluxes.
667 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a 2D mathematical model for the entire sandwich of a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell including the gas channels was developed, where a self-consistent model for porous media was used for the equations describing transport phenomena in the membrane, catalyst layers, and gas diffusers, while standard equations of Navier-Stokes, energy transport, continuity, and species concentrations are solved in the gas channel.
Abstract: A 2-D mathematical model for the entire sandwich of a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell including the gas channels was developed The self-consistent model for porous media was used for the equations describing transport phenomena in the membrane, catalyst layers, and gas diffusers, while standard equations of Navier-Stokes, energy transport, continuity, and species concentrations are solved in the gas channels A special handling of the transport equations enabled us to use the same numerical method in the unified domain consisting of the gas channels, gas diffusers, catalyst layers and membrane It also eliminated the need to prescribe arbitrary or approximate boundary conditions at the interfaces between different parts of the fuel cell sandwich By solving transport equations, as well as the equations for electrochemical reactions and current density with the membrane phase potential, polarization curves under various operating conditions were obtained Modeling results compare very well with experimental results from the literature Oxygen and water vapor mole fraction distributions in the coupled cathode gas channel-gas diffuser were studied for various operating current densities Liquid water velocity distributions in the membrane and influences of various parameters on the cell performance were also obtained
595 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a framework for studying transport in integrable systems: hydrodynamics with infinitely many conservation laws, and apply it to the description of energy transport between heat baths, and provide a full description of the current-carrying nonequilibrium steady state and the transition regions in a family of models including the Lieb-Liniger model of interacting Bose gases.
Abstract: Understanding the general principles underlying strongly interacting quantum states out of equilibrium is one of the most important tasks of current theoretical physics. With experiments accessing the intricate dynamics of many-body quantum systems, it is paramount to develop powerful methods that encode the emergent physics. Up to now, the strong dichotomy observed between integrable and nonintegrable evolutions made an overarching theory difficult to build, especially for transport phenomena where space-time profiles are drastically different. We present a novel framework for studying transport in integrable systems: hydrodynamics with infinitely many conservation laws. This bridges the conceptual gap between integrable and nonintegrable quantum dynamics, and gives powerful tools for accurate studies of space-time profiles. We apply it to the description of energy transport between heat baths, and provide a full description of the current-carrying nonequilibrium steady state and the transition regions in a family of models including the Lieb-Liniger model of interacting Bose gases, realized in experiments.
562 citations