Transverse plane

About: Transverse plane is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 17069 publications have been published within this topic receiving 194059 citations. The topic is also known as: axial plane.

Solitons in the one-dimensional antiferromagnet in a magnetic field

Abstract: The one-dimensional classical planar antiferromagnet in an applied magnetic field in the plane of the planar spin is analyzed theoretically. Solving the transfer matrix equation, we calculate the transverse and the longitudinal spin correlation lengths. The dynamical structure factors are also determined. The transverse spin fluctuations are dominated by the multisoliton term, while the longitudinal spin fluctuations are dominated by a single magnon term.

The Electro-Optic Effect in Uniaxial Crystals of the Type XH 2 PO 4 . II. Experimental

Abstract: In this paper it is shown experimentally that when a voltage is applied to the Z direction to a basal section of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate the crystal becomes biaxial. The normal to the plate is the bisector of the axes and the plane of the axes is inclined at 45° to the crystallographic axes. The location of the axial plane is independent of the magnitude of the voltage. The retardation along the normal is directly proportional to the voltage and is independent of the thickness of the basal section. Photographs are shown of the interference pattern obtained with polarized light when voltage is applied to the crystal.The behavior of the crystal plate with an alternating voltage is also described. Between polarizers the crystal can operate as a light valve both for short pulses as in a camera shutter or for complex sound waves as in a sound-on-film device. It is shown that with circular polarized light 74 percent sinusoidal modulation introduces only 3 percent harmonic distortion.

Transverse to Longitudinal Acoustic Coupling Processes in Annular Combustion Chambers

Abstract: Combustion instability is a major issue facing lean, premixed combustion approaches in modern gas turbine applications. This paper specifically focuses on instabilities that excite transverse acoustic modes of the combustion chamber. Recent simulation and experimental studies have shown that much of the flame response during transverse instabilities is due to the longitudinal fluid motions induced by the fluctuating pressure field above a nozzle. In this study, we analyze the multi-dimensional acoustic field excited by transverse acoustic disturbances interacting with an annular side branch, emulating a fuel/air mixing nozzle. Key findings of this work show that the resultant velocity fields are critically dependent upon the structure of the transverse acoustic field and the nozzle impedance. Significantly, we also show that certain cases can be understood from relatively simple quasi one-dimensional considerations, but that other cases are intrinsically three-dimensional.

Mechanics of microtubules modeled as orthotropic elastic shells with transverse shearing

Abstract: Microtubules are hollow cylindrical filaments of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton characterized by extremely low shear modulus. In this paper, an orthotropic elastic shell model with transverse shearing is developed to study the effects of transverse shearing on shell-like mechanics of microtubules. The study is based on a detailed comparison between four elastic beam and shell models with and without transverse shearing. It is shown that the length-dependent flexural rigidity of microtubules predicted by the present orthotropic shell model with transverse shearing is in good agreement with known experimental data and is consistently close to that given by the Timoshenko-beam model. Our results show that transverse shearing is essential for shell-like deformation of microtubules when the axial wave-length is not extremely long (compared to the diameter of microtubules which is ~25 nm) or the circumferential wave-number is larger than unity. In particular, transverse shearing is found to significantly lower the critical pressure for buckling of a long microtubule under radial pressure and leads to an even better agreement with recently observed experimental data. These results suggest that the 2D orthotropic shell model with transverse shearing is suitable to study the shell-like mechanics of microtubules for short axial wave-length and circumferential wave-number exceeding unity.