Transverse plane

About: Transverse plane is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 17069 publications have been published within this topic receiving 194059 citations. The topic is also known as: axial plane.

Convective versus absolute instability in mixed Rayleigh Bénard Poiseuille convection

Abstract: Transition from convective to absolute instability in Rayleigh–Benard convection in the presence of a uni-directional Poiseuille flow is studied. The evaluation of the long-time behaviour of the Green function in the horizontal plane allows the determination of regions of convective and absolute instability in the Rayleigh–Reynolds number plane as a function of Prandtl number. It is found that the mode reaching zero group velocity at the convective–absolute transition always corresponds to transverse rolls, while the system remains convectively unstable with respect to pure streamwise (longitudinal) rolls for all non-zero Reynolds numbers. Finally, the roll pattern within the entire wave packet and in particular near its centre is elucidated and possible connections between experiments and our findings are discussed.

Measurement of axial and transverse trapping stiffness of optical tweezers in air using a radially polarized beam.

Abstract: The trapping efficiency and stiffness of optical tweezers using radial polarization are evaluated; the ray-tracing method and a proposed measurement method are used for numerical and experimental analyses, respectively. The maximum axial trapping efficiency with radial polarization is 1.84 times that with linear polarization, while the maximum transverse trapping efficiency decreases by 0.58 times. Further, the axial and transverse trapping efficiencies are found to be 1.19 times larger and 0.83 times smaller, respectively, than the values with linear polarization. From the experiments, the axial and transverse stiffness values are 1.2 times larger and 0.8 times smaller, respectively, with radial polarization. Hence, radial polarization enhances the axial trapping properties while reducing the transverse trapping properties.

Ultrasound shear wave velocity in skeletal muscle: A reproducibility study.

Abstract: Purpose The purpose of the study was threefold: to assess the reliability of shear wave velocities (SWV) measurements in normal skeletal muscles; to evaluate intra- and inter-operator reproducibility of measurements for a specific site of the muscle and for the mean value in the whole muscle. Materials and methods Two sets of measurements were performed at three weeks intervals of each other on 16 volunteers by two radiologists on medial gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior muscles. Each muscle was evaluated in 5 different sites, with three measurements for each site in the transverse and longitudinal planes. Reliability of SWV measurements was assessed by means of intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results Reliability of the three independent SWV measurements was excellent, slightly better in the longitudinal plane. Inter/intra-operator reproducibility per site was fair to good in the longitudinal plane and poor to fair in the transverse plane. For global values of the whole muscle, ICC showed good agreement in the longitudinal plane and fair agreement in the transverse plane. Conclusion Quantitative SWV measurements are reliable when performed in rigorous conditions. In conditions that mirror clinical practice, inter/intra-operator reproducibility is moderate, better for longitudinal compared to transverse plane.