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Traumatic brain injury

About: Traumatic brain injury is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 25702 publications have been published within this topic receiving 793772 citations. The topic is also known as: TBI & intracranial injury.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Mildtraumatic brain injury occurring among soldiers deployed in Iraq is strongly associated with PTSD and physical health problems 3 to 4 months after the soldiers return home, and after adjustment for PTSD and depression, mild traumatic brain injury was no longer significantly associated with these physical health outcomes or symptoms, except for headache.
Abstract: Of 2525 soldiers, 124 (4.9%) reported injuries with loss of consciousness, 260 (10.3%) reported injuries with altered mental status, and 435 (17.2%) reported other injuries during deployment. Of those reporting loss of consciousness, 43.9% met criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as compared with 27.3% of those reporting altered mental status, 16.2% with other injuries, and 9.1% with no injury. Soldiers with mild traumatic brain injury, primarily those who had loss of consciousness, were significantly more likely to report poor general health, missed workdays, medical visits, and a high number of somatic and postconcussive symptoms than were soldiers with other injuries. However, after adjustment for PTSD and depression, mild traumatic brain injury was no longer significantly associated with these physical health outcomes or symptoms, except for headache. Conclusions Mild traumatic brain injury (i.e., concussion) occurring among soldiers deployed in Iraq is strongly associated with PTSD and physical health problems 3 to 4 months after the soldiers return home. PTSD and depression are important mediators of the relationship between mild traumatic brain injury and physical health problems.

2,436 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Quantification of cerebral perfusion by monitoring of intracranial pressure and treatment of cerebral hypoperfusion decrease secondary injury and an organised trauma system that allows rapid resuscitation and transport directly to an experienced trauma centre significantly lowers mortality and morbidity.

2,400 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: New developments and current knowledge and controversies, focusing on moderate and severe TBI in adults, are summarised, with an emphasis on epidemiological monitoring, trauma organisation, and approaches to management.
Abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health and socioeconomic problem that affects all societies. In recent years, patterns of injury have been changing, with more injuries, particularly contusions, occurring in older patients. Blast injuries have been identified as a novel entity with specific characteristics. Traditional approaches to the classification of clinical severity are the subject of debate owing to the widespread policy of early sedation and ventilation in more severely injured patients, and are being supplemented with structural and functional neuroimaging. Basic science research has greatly advanced our knowledge of the mechanisms involved in secondary damage, creating opportunities for medical intervention and targeted therapies; however, translating this research into patient benefit remains a challenge. Clinical management has become much more structured and evidence based since the publication of guidelines covering many aspects of care. In this Review, we summarise new developments and current knowledge and controversies, focusing on moderate and severe TBI in adults. Suggestions are provided for the way forward, with an emphasis on epidemiological monitoring, trauma organisation, and approaches to management.

1,863 citations

Book ChapterDOI
TL;DR: In childhood, traumatic brain injury poses the unique challenges of an injury to a developing brain and the dynamic pattern of recovery over time, so the treatment needs to be multifaceted and starts at the scene of the injury and extends into the home and school.
Abstract: In childhood, traumatic brain injury (TBI) poses the unique challenges of an injury to a developing brain and the dynamic pattern of recovery over time, inflicted TBI and its medicolegal ramifications. The mechanisms of injury vary with age, as do the mechanisms that lead to the primary brain injury. As it is common, and is the leading cause of death and disability in the USA and Canada, prevention is the key, and we may need increased legislation to facilitate this. Despite its prevalence, there is an almost urgent need for research to help guide the optimal management and improve outcomes. Indeed, contrary to common belief, children with severe TBI have a worse outcome and many of the consequences present in teenage years or later. The treatment needs, therefore, to be multifaceted and starts at the scene of the injury and extends into the home and school. In order to do this, the care needs to be multidisciplinary from specialists with a specific interest in TBI and to involve the family, and will often span many decades.

1,747 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20231,818
20223,680
20211,719
20201,833
20191,673
20181,544