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Showing papers on "Trichoderma harzianum published in 1982"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Trichoderma harzianum excreted β-1, 3-glucanase and chitinase into the medium when grown on laminarin and Chitin, respectively, or on cell walls of the pathogen Sclerotium rolfsii as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Trichoderma harzianum excreted β-1, 3-glucanase and chitinase into the medium when grown on laminarin and chitin, respectively, or on cell walls of the pathogen Sclerotium rolfsii, as sole carbon s...

479 citations





Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Although soil fumigation controlled the diseases caused by these pathogens, it was followed by rapid reinfestation by S. rolfsii and R. solani, the biological control agent T. harzianum prevented rein festation of the fumigated soil by the pathogens both in a controlled environment and in field conditions.

53 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Coating iris bulbs with a preparation of Trichoderma harzianum was highly effective under greenhouse conditions in reducing incidence of diseases caused by Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium rolfsii.
Abstract: Coating iris bulbs with a preparation ofTrichoderma harzianum was highly effective under greenhouse conditions in reducing incidence of diseases caused byRhizoctonia solani andSclerotium rolfsii. In field experiments with irises for bulb production, the incidence ofR. solani in plants and bulbs was effectively reduced (up to 93%), and the yield increased (by 35–41%), by applyingT. harzianum either as a bulb coating or broadcast application (biological treatment), treating soil with pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB; quintozene) (chemical treatment), or solarizing the soil by mulching it with transparent polyethylene sheets (physical treatment) prior to planting. Combined treatments,i.e., chemical-biological or physicalbiological, were the most effective.T. harzianum bulb treatment and broadcast application in field plots increasedTrichoderma population density in the soil by 4–27 times.

46 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Soil fungi appeared to differ in their sensitivity to soil atmosphere and to ammonia released from soil, as well as being unaffected by ammonia or by ammonia at concentrations found in soil.
Abstract: Ammonia found in the atmosphere above alkaline soil appeared to be responsible for the inhibition of germination in conidia of Botrytis cinerea and Penicillum nigricans. Other, as yet unknown, non-alkaline volatiles in the soil atmosphere are also involved in the inhibition of conidial germination of Trichoderma koningii, and T. hamatum and these and not ammonia are responsible for the inhibition of conidial germination in Verticillium nigrescens and germ tube growth in Fusarium culmorum, F. solani f. sp. phaseoli and Plectosphaerella cucumerina. Germ tube growth of Gliocladium roseum and Penicillium chrysogenum was unaffected by soil atmosphere or by ammonia at concentrations found in soil. Trichoderma harzianum was unaffected by ammonia and stimulated by a non-alkaline factor in the soil atmosphere. Soil fungi thus appeared to differ in their sensitivity to soil atmosphere and to ammonia released from soil.

42 citations




Patent
10 Jun 1982
TL;DR: The filterability of wine and must obtained from grapes infected with the mold Botrytis cinerea is improved by treatment thereof with an enzyme product produced by cultivating the microorganism Trichoderma harzianum.
Abstract: The filterability of wine and must obtained from grapes infected with the mold Botrytis cinerea is improved by treatment thereof with an enzyme product produced by cultivating the microorganism Trichoderma harzianum The enzyme product exhibits both alpha- and beta-glucanase activity

5 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: Trichoderma harzianum was selected from 30 strains of cellulolytic fungi with the aim of producing cellulases by solid state fermentation of lignocellulosic substrates with special attention to cellulase production, apical growth and conidia production.
Abstract: Trichoderma harzianum was selected from 30 strains of cellulolytic fungi with the aim of producing cellulases by solid state fermentation of lignocellulosic substrates. Special attention was paid to cellulase production (i.e. carboxymethylcellulase and filter paper activity), apical growth and conidia production. Under the conditions of our experiments, T. harzianum exhibited the highest cellulasic activities with 1,315 IU/l of carboxymethyl cellulose and 80 IU/l of filter paper activity. Apical growth (1 mm/h) and yield of conidial production (3.25 x 10(10) conidia/g of substrate dry weight) were also valuable characteristics of this strain in the use of solid state fermentation.

Patent
10 Sep 1982
TL;DR: In this paper, a microorganism of the genus Trichoderma is inoculated into a nutrient culture medium and cultivated in the culture medium at 20-40 deg.C at a pH of 4.5-6.5 under aerobic conditions to give the cellulase, which is used to saccharify a high-purity cellulose, e.g. ''Avicel '' or cotton, or a material containing cellulose.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To saccharify a compound containing cellulose or a material containing cellulose efficiently, by using cellulase obtained by the cultivation of a microorganism of the genus Trichoderma. CONSTITUTION:A microorganism, e.g. Trichoderma harzianum M-41 strain (FERM-P No. 5855), belonging to Trichoderma harzianum, and having the ability to produce cellulase, is inoculated into a nutrient culture medium and cultivated in the culture medium at 20-40 deg.C at a pH of 4.5-6.5 under aerobic conditions to give the cellulase, which is used to saccharify a high-purity cellulose, e.g. ''Avicel '' or cotton, or a material containing cellulose, e.g. corn stem, bagasse or waste paper, at a pH of 3-6 and a temperature of 30-60 deg.C.

Journal Article
TL;DR: Microcristalline cellulose (cellulose Avicel, Merck) supported growth of Trichoderma harzianum and induced production of cellulases in liquid cultures and could be increased by a preliminary treatment of cellulose, and pH regulation during growth.
Abstract: Microcristalline cellulose (cellulose Avicel, Merck) supported growth of Trichoderma harzianum and induced production of cellulases in liquid cultures. After 50 h growth, the total cellulasic activities present in both the supernatant and the mycelium were 3,000 IU/l of carboxymethyl cellulose, 400 IU/l of filter paper activity, and 4 IU/l of cotton activity corresponding to 1.7 g/l of proteins. Cellulase production could be increased by a preliminary treatment of cellulose, and pH regulation during growth. The influence of inoculum concentration was studied and an optimum of 3 x 10(7) conidia/g dry weight of substrate was demonstrated. Using a synthetic culture medium, a soluble factor of germination was demonstrated which could be leached out by 3 successive washings of conidia.

Patent
10 Sep 1982
TL;DR: In this article, a fungus such as Trichoderma harzianum M-41 (FERM-P 5855) capable of producing cellulase is inoculated into a nutrient medium containing 0.05-0.2wt% hydrolyzate of casein by enzyme.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To produce cellulase in high yield having strong deomposing activity on crystalline cellulose, capable of producing glucose, by cultivating a fungus belonging to the genus Trichoderma in a medium containing a hydrolyzate of casein by enzyme. CONSTITUTION:A fungus such as Trichoderma harzianum M-41 (FERM-P 5855) belonging to the genus Trichoderma harzianum, capable of producing cellulase is inoculated into a nutrient medium containing 0.05-0.2wt% hydrolyzate of casein by enzyme cultivated by shaking culture or aerated spinner culture at a pH of 4.5-6.5 at 20-40 deg.C, and cellulase is collected from the culture.

Patent
17 Sep 1982
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used Trichoderma harzianum to enhance the beta-glycosidase activity of cellulase composition by adding a surface active agent to a medium.
Abstract: PURPOSE:In preparing a cellulase composition by cultivating Trichoderma harzianum, to enhance the beta-glycosidase activity of cellulase composition, by adding a surface active agent to a medium. CONSTITUTION:In preparing a cellulase composition by cultivating Trichoderma harzianum (FERM-P 5855), it is cultivated in a medium to which an adduct of sorbitan fatty acid ester with ethylene oxide (trade name: ZIEN) is added.