Trichoderma harzianum

About: Trichoderma harzianum is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4731 publications have been published within this topic receiving 96796 citations.

Biological Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using the Fungus Trichoderma Harzianum

Abstract: :Development of reliable and eco-friendly process for synthesis of metallic nanoparticles is an important step in the field of application of nanotechnology. One approach that shows immense potential is based on the biosynthesis of nanoparticles using biological micro-organisms such as bacteria or fungi. In this study we have investigated biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using fungus Trichoderma harzianum. These silver nanoparticles were characterized by means of UV–vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM). UV–visible spectrum of the aqueous medium containing silver ion showed a peak at 420 nm corresponding to the Plasmon absorbance of silver nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrograph showed formation of well-dispersed silver nanoparticles in the range of 30 - 50 nm. The TEM characterization of the fungus reacted on the Ag+ indicated that the protein might be responsible for the stabilization of silver nanoparticles. Though shape variation was noticed, majority of the nanoparticles were found to be of spherical shape as seen under TEM. The rapid synthesis of nanoparticles would be suitable for developing a “microbial nanotechnology” biosynthesis process for mass scale production. Nanoparticles, Trichoderma harzianum, Plasmon absorbance, Spherical.

Joint X-ray crystallographic and molecular dynamics study of cellobiohydrolase I from Trichoderma harzianum: deciphering the structural features of cellobiohydrolase catalytic activity.

Abstract: Aiming to contribute toward the characterization of new, biotechnologically relevant cellulolytic enzymes, we report here the first crystal structure of the catalytic core domain of Cel7A (cellobiohydrolase I) from the filamentous fungus Trichoderma harzianum IOC 3844. Our structural studies and molecular dynamics simulations show that the flexibility of Tyr260, in comparison with Tyr247 from the homologous Trichoderma reesei Cel7A, is enhanced as a result of the short side-chains of adjacent Val216 and Ala384 residues and creates an additional gap at the side face of the catalytic tunnel. T. harzianum cellobiohydrolase I also has a shortened loop at the entrance of the cellulose-binding tunnel, which has been described to interact with the substrate in T. reesei Cel7A. These structural features might explain why T. harzianum Cel7A displays higher k(cat) and K(m) values, and lower product inhibition on both glucoside and lactoside substrates, compared with T. reesei Cel7A.

Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus and plant growth promoting rhizomicroorganisms (PGPR's) on medicinal plant Solanum viarum seedlings.

Abstract: A green house nursery study was conducted to assess the interaction between arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus, Glomus aggregatum and some plant growth promoting rhizomicrooganisms (PGPR's), Bacillus coagulans and Trichoderma harzianum, in soil and their consequent effect on growth, nutrition and content of secondary metabolities of Solanum viarum seedlings. Triple inoculation of G. aggregatum+B. coagulans+T. harzainum with Solanum viarum in a green house nursery study resulted in maximum plant biomass (plant height 105 cm and plant dry weight 12.17 g), P, Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn and secondary metabolities [total phenols (129.6 microg g(-1) f.wt.), orthodihydroxy phenols (90.6 microg g(-1) f.wt.), flavonoids (3.94 microg g(-1) f.wt.), alkaloids (5.05 microg g(-1) f.wt.), saponins (5.05 microg g(-1) f.wt.) and tannins (0.324 microg g(-1) f.wt.)] of S. viarum seedlings. The mycorrhizal root colonization and spore numbers in the root zone soil of the inoculated plants increased. The enzyme activity namely acid phosphatase (53.44 microg PNP g(-1) soil), alkaline phosphatase (40.95 microg PNP g(-1) soil) and dehydrogenase (475.5 microg PNP g(-1) soil) and total population of B. coagulans (12.5x10(4) g(-1)) and T. harzianum (12.4 x 10(4) g(-1)), in the root zone soil was found high in the triple inoculation with G. aggregatum+B. coagulans+T. harzianum that proved to be the best microbial consortium.

An alternative to mineral phosphorus fertilizers: The combined effects of Trichoderma harzianum and compost on Zea mays, as revealed by 1H NMR and GC-MS metabolomics

Abstract: The ability of Trichoderma harzianum (strain OMG-08) as plant growth promoting fungus (PGPF), was tested on Zea mays plants grown in soil pots added with different inorganic (triple superphosphate and rock phosphate) and organic (cow and horse manure composts) P fertilizers. The effect of treatments was evaluated by following the variations of plants dry biomass and nutrient content, as well as the metabolic changes in plant leaves by both GC-MS and NMR spectroscopy. A synergic effect was observed in treatments with both composts and fungus inoculation, in which not only plant growth and P uptake were enhanced, but also the expression of different metabolites related to an improved photosynthetic activity. Conversely, the combination of Trichoderma with inorganic fertilizers was less effective and even showed a reduction of plants shoot biomass and N content. The corresponding plant metabolome revealed metabolic compounds typical of biotic or abiotic stresses, which may be attributed to a reduced capacity of inorganic fertilizers to provide a sufficient P availability during plant growth. Our findings also indicate that the molecular composition of compost differentiated the Trichoderma activity in sustaining plant growth. The positive effects of the combined Trichoderma and compost treatment suggest that it may become an alternative to the phosphorus mineral fertilization.