Trichoderma harzianum

About: Trichoderma harzianum is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4731 publications have been published within this topic receiving 96796 citations.

Soil application of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Trichoderma harzianum reduces root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, on tobacco

Abstract: The effects of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Trichoderma harzianum , on the control of the rootknot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita , were investigated in three tobacco cultivars (RK-18 P8, RK-26 P3 and RK-12 P3). Soil application of the biocontrol agents was compared with two nematicides, Phorate and Furadan. Greatest reduction in the numbers of second-stage juveniles in soil, host root galls and egg mass indices were recorded with Furadan and P. fluorescens compared with experimental controls. The greatest increase in the plant growth and biomass of tobacco was obtained in cv. RK-18 P8 with P. fluorescens (16-32%) followed by Furadan (15-30 %) compared with experimental controls. Increases in total phenol (TP) and salicylic acid (SA) were negatively correlated with numbers of root galls and egg masses/root system. Greatest increases in the leaf contents of SA (20%) and TP (31%) were recorded in cv. RK-12 P3, whereas least increases were detected in cv. RK-18 P8 (17% TP and 10% SA). The study has revealed that cv. RK-12 P3 may be exploited commercially for nematode resistance to M. incognita , and P. fluorescens may be used as an alternative to nematicides in nematode infested field, to obtain higher productivity of tobacco.

The production of hemicellulases by aerobic fungi on medium containing residues of banana plant as substrate.

Abstract: Trichoderma harzianum strains T4 and T6, Acrophialophora nainiana, and Humicola grisea var. thermoidea were screened for their ability to produce carbohydrate-degrading enzyme activities in a medium containing banana plant residue as the carbon source. The best balance of enzyme activities was obtained from cultures of H. grisea var. thermoidea. Xylanase activity from crude extract of A. nainiana had a maximum activity at pH 5.5-7.0 and a temperature range of 50-55 degrees C. It was stable up to 55 degrees C at pH 7.0 for at least 2 h. The fungi were also able to produce xylanase and pectinase activities when grown on extractives as substrate.

Biological control of rigidoporus microporus, the cause of white root disease in rubber

Abstract: White root disease caused by Rigidoporus microporus is abundant in rubber plantations of Sri Lanka. Control of the disease by applying systemic fungicides is expensive, pollutes the environment and causes health hazards. Trichoderma isolates obtained from rubber growing areas were screened and found antagonistic against R. microporus. Research confirmed the ability of Trichoderma harzianum to control the pathogen in vitro. T. harzianum (T3) isolate produced a relatively higher number of phialospores. T3 isolate stored in T10 medium (T310) consisting of rice bran and farm manure preserved more than 50% of T3 spores up to 4 months in dry form. T310 was antagonistic to the pathogen.

A simple method for protoplast formation and improvement of protoplast regeneration from various fungi using an enzyme from Trichoderma harzianum

Abstract: An enzyme from Trichoderma harzianum dissolved the cell walls of a wide range of filamentous fungi belonging to Basidiomycotina, Ascomycotina, Deuteromycotina, and Zygomycotina and so could be used to make protoplasts. A lyophilized preparation of the Trichoderma enzyme had about 0.3 units/mg β-1,3-glucanase activity and 0.36 units/mg chitinase activity. About twice as many protoplasts were produced from different species of fungi by a single treatment with this enzyme than with combined commercial enzymes. The greatest number of protoplasts could be produced from most of the fungi by incubation for about 2 h t 30°C, but the number was decreased by incubation for more than 4 h or by use of a higher dose of the enzyme. An enzyme prepared by bentonite treatment from the original Trichoderma enzyme had less proteinase activity and protoplasts were fairly stable with this product during incubation for 8 h. Protoplasts produced by the proteinase-reduced preparation of the Trichoderma enzyme from three fungi regenerated at about 1.8 times the rate of those produced by the original enzyme.