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Trichoderma harzianum

About: Trichoderma harzianum is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4731 publications have been published within this topic receiving 96796 citations.


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Journal Article
TL;DR: Fungi from the genera Trichoderma, Paecilomyces and Ulocladium were rarely identified to the species level and sometimes high concentrations were reported, and people seem to be frequently exposed to these fungi.
Abstract: Madsen AM, Hansen VM, Meyling NV, Eilenberg J: Human exposure to airborne fungi from genera used as biocontrol agents in plant production. Ann Agric Environ Med 2007, 14, 5-24. Abstract: The fungi Trichoderma harzianum, T. polysporum, T. viride, Paeciliomyces fumosoroseus, P. lilacinus, Verticillium/lecanicillium lecanii, Ulocladium oudemansii, U. atrum and Beauveria bassiana are used or considered to be used for biocontrol of pests and plant diseases. Human exposure to these fungi in environments where they may naturally occur or are used as biocontrol agents has not been directly investigated to date. This review aims to provide an overview of the current knowledge of human exposure to fungi from the relevant genera. The subject of fungal taxonomy due to the rapid develop- ment of this issue is also discussed. B. bassiana, V. lecanii, T. harzianum, T. polysporum, P. lilacinus and U. oudemansii were infrequently present in the air and thus people in general seem to be seldom exposed to these fungi. However, when V. lecanii was present, high concentrations were measured. Fungi from the genera Trichoderma, Paecilomyces and Ulocladium were rarely identifi ed to the species level and sometimes high concentra- tions were reported. T. viride and U. atrum were detected frequently in different environ- ments and sometimes with a high frequency of presence in samples. Thus, people seem to be frequently exposed to these fungi. Sequence data have led to recent revisions of fungal taxonomy, and in future studies it is important to specify the taxonomy used for identifi ca- tion, thus making comparisons possible.

34 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that T. harzianum and AMF have the potential to improve tomato seedling growth and development.
Abstract: Recent trends in soil microbiology suggest that certain soil microbes have a positive effect on seedling growth and development. A study was conducted to investigate the interactive effect of the plant- growth promoting fungi Trichoderma harzianum and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in growth and development of tomato (Solanun lycopersicum) seedlings grown under greenhouse conditions. A 3 ◊ 3 factorial experiment was laid out in a completely randomised design with six replications. At harvest (42 DAP), when compared with the control, T. harzianum and/or AMF treated plants improved shoot length, root length, dry shoot mass and dry root mass. Pre-inoculation with AMF increased shoot N, P and S content of tomato seedlings, whereas pre-sowing with T. harzianum alone increased the shoot N. Generally, shoot Zn and Mn content were affected by both fungi, with the best result observed when AMF was applied 2 weeks after T. harzianum. The percentage of roots colonised by AMF was less than 15% regardless of the time when T. harzianum was applied. However, the percentage of roots colonised by T. harzianum was greater than 90% at all times. In conclusion, this study suggested that T. harzianum and AMF have the potential to improve tomato seedling growth and development.

34 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: Cell-wall-induced mutanase showed a high hydrolytic potential in reaction with a dextranase-pretreated mutan, where maximal degrees of saccharification and solubilization of this biopolymer were reached in 3 h at 45 degrees C.
Abstract: The cell wall material from fruiting bodies of Laetiporus sulphureus has been suggested as a new alternative to mutan for the mutanase induction in Trichoderma harzianum Structural analyses revealed that the alkali-soluble wall fraction from this polypore fungus contained 563% of (1-->3)-linked alpha-glucans When the strain T harzianum F-340 was grown on a cell wall preparation from L sulphureus, the maximal enzyme productivity obtained after 3 days of cultivation was 071 U/ml This yield was about 18-fold higher than that achieved on mutan, known so far as the best, but expensive and inaccessible, inducer of mutanase production Cell-wall-induced mutanase showed a high hydrolytic potential in reaction with a dextranase-pretreated mutan, where maximal degrees of saccharification and solubilization of this biopolymer (80% and 100%, respectively) were reached in 3 h at 45 degrees C The mutanase preparation was also effective in degradation of streptococcal mutan and its removal from oral biofilms, especially in a mixture with dextranase

34 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Fluorescein diacetate, Cellufluor, CMFDA, CMAC and, to a lesser extent, CFDA and Nile red, were efficiently translocated into new growth from preloaded spores or mycelia, whereas FDA, DiIC18(3) and DiOC18( 3) were not.
Abstract: Eight fluorescent dyes were tested for staining the spores or mycelia of six fungi and for their translocation into new growth when the preloaded spores or mycelia were incubated on agar coated coverslips. The dyes studied were Cellufluor, Nile red, fluorescein diacetate (FDA), carboxyfluorescein diacetate (CFDA), chloromethylfluorescein diacetate (CMFDA), aminochloromethyl coumarin (CMAC), and the carbocyamines DiIC18(3) and DiOC18(3). The fungi on which the dyes were tested included Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici, Idriella bolleyi, Pythium oligandrum, Sclerotium cepivorum and Trichoderma harzianum. Most of the fluorochromes gave good initial staining of mycelia or spores; however, FDA fluorescence faded rapidly during excitation, making it impractical for use. Also, the spores and mycelia of B. cinerea and T. harzianum sometimes gave weak fluorescence with Nile red, and the spores and mycelia of I. bolleyi gave unusually weak fluorescence with Cellufluor. There were other variations of staining among the different dye/fungus combinations, but each fungus showed strong fluorescence at least one dye. Cellufluor, CMFDA, CMAC and, to a lesser extent, CFDA and Nile red, were efficiently translocated into new growth from preloaded spores or mycelia, whereas FDA, DiIC18(3) and DiOC18(3) were not. The extent of translocation ranged from 0.1 to 1.2 mm in germ tubes arising from spores, and from 0.9 to 9.2 mm in mycelia extending from dye-loaded agar blocks. The findings suggest that fluorescent dyes could be used as markers or tracers in studies of fungal growth and differentiation.

34 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Investigation of the survival and effectiveness of a T. harzianum bentonite-vermiculite formulation against fusarium wilt and its growth- promotion effect on melon plants under nursery conditions compared with the in- corporation of this agent as a nonformulated conidia suspension found it to have a clear influence on its survival on peat.
Abstract: Practical use of Trichoderma harzianum requires feasible formulated products. The objective of this study was to investigate the survival and effectiveness of a T. harzianum bentonite-vermiculite formulation against fusarium wilt and its growth- promotion effect on melon plants under nursery conditions compared with the in- corporation of this agent as a nonformulated conidia suspension. The effectiveness of the application of T. harzianum to melon plants was related directly to its formulation, as the formulation had a clear influence on its survival on peat. The formulated form maintained the inoculation level of T. harzianum colony-forming units after 8 weeks, whereas the nonformulated form reduced it by two orders of magnitude. Plants treated with the bentonite-vermiculite formulation showed a higher shoot weight and higher resistance to fusarium wilt disease.

34 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023163
2022383
2021200
2020254
2019251
2018228